Abstract: An adaptive sensory-motor encoder equipped with a central control unit for signal processing functions, monitoring functions, checking functions and/or external intervention functions. The encoder has a group of adaptive spatio-temporal filters for the purpose of converting sensor signals into stimulation pulse sequences, and it is equipped with an interface for coupling the encoder with an implantable microstructure for stimulation of nerve or glial tissue. The interface is executed in bi-directional design. Thus, along with control of nerve cells and administration of active substances, monitoring of sensor signals and biophysical parameters of spontaneous activity recorded at the implant site is also possible.