Abstract: Apparatus for determining a range to one or more targets are provided. In various embodiments, the apparatus comprises a field transceiver module and a computing node in communication with each other. The field transceiver module is configured to generate an electromagnetic probe carrier field; under the control of the computing node, phase-modulate the carrier probe field according to a time-periodic probe modulation waveform having a probe modulation phase that includes a probe modulation frequency and a probe modulation phase offset, thereby generating a modulated probe field; direct the modulated probe field at one or more targets and to receive a modulated reflected probe field from one or more targets; demodulate the modulated reflected probe field and generate a probe signal corresponding to the probe modulation waveform.

Abstract: Systems and methods for reflectance imaging using visible and/or non-visible light and optical sensors in a probe for use in a fluid transport pipeline are provided. One or more light beams may be emitted towards a bore-defining surface of a pipe wall. One or more first optical sensors may sense first image data based on light scattered by incidence of the light beams on the bore-defining surface. The first image data may be used to determine a first distance value corresponding to a distance of the bore-defining surface from a first reference point. The first image data may be used to determine a plurality of speckle patterns from the first image data, each speckle pattern associated with light scattered from light-scattering particles contained in the fluid at a corresponding time, and to determine a flow direction of the fluid based on the plurality of speckle patterns.