Abstract: A method for brightening kaolin contaminated with organic matter by decarboxylation treatment of an aqueous kaolin slurry. The decarboxylation is carried out by contacting the clay slurry with selected oxidizing agent in a pressurized reaction vessel at a temperature of 175.degree.-500.degree. C. without dehydroxylation (calcination) of the kaolin. Oxidizing agents include oxygen, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorite.