Abstract: A pupil expansion apparatus is placed in the eye during an ophthalmic surgical procedure. In one embodiment, the pupil expansion apparatus is a square frame structure that comprises four straight beams which cross each other at their ends to form a cross beam arrangement. However, the expansion apparatus is not limited to being a square frame structure, and may have a circular, or any multi-sided frame structure. The crossed ends of the straight beams are connected by one or more curved beams, which also form iris supporting portions. The iris supporting portion is shaped in an open, curved form so as to be perpendicular to the plane formed by the frame. It receives the rim of the iris tissue when the pupil expansion apparatus is in its extended position and gently presses the iris to the periphery.

Abstract: A foldable treadmill is provided that can be easily reoriented for variable exercise inclinations, as well as, for convenient storage. The treadmill includes a tread assembly and an A-frame assembly positioned about the front end of the tread assembly. The A-frame assembly includes an inclination support connected to a front end of the tread assembly by hinges for varying inclination of the tread assembly. The inclination support can be driven by a motor to rotate the inclination support about such that the inclination support vertically displaces the front end of the tread assembly thereby varying the inclination of the tread assembly. The A-frame assembly includes intermediate and front supports hinged to each other at upper ends thereof. The tread assembly is rotatable to a generally vertical orientation for storage. In the stored position, the spacing between front and intermediate supports is reduced, further facilitating storage.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a lower sensor-holder head (40) and an upper sensor-holder head (72) each located at the center of an annular gasket (20, 70). Either (or both) of the sensor-holder heads are received in a space extending along the center axis of the gasket and are axially movable between a retracted position and an extended position. Preferably, one or both of the gaskets has stepped concentric rings for adaptation to different test object diameters. In operation, an object to be tested such as a wheel rim (C) is sealed between an upper gasket and lower gasket to define a space inside the wheel rim which encloses the sensor-holder heads, and to define a space enclosed between the outside of the wheel rim and an airtight bell chamber (66) which is pressurized with air or testing gas. Any leakage through the wheel rim is detected by one or more sensors on the heads.