Abstract: A method and a device for estimating a position of a device by using an optical signal through converting a linearly polarized optical signal to a plurality of electric signals using a plurality of photoelectric devices, estimating a moving distance of the device from a reference position by using the plurality of electric signals, and estimating an orientation angle of the device with respect to a reference direction by using the plurality of electric signals are provided.

Abstract: An embodiment converter includes a magnetic material, a first circuit including a first winding surrounding the magnetic material and a clamp circuit configured to reset a power conversion operation, the first circuit being configured to convert power received from a first input voltage source to provide the converted power to a load, and a second circuit including a second winding surrounding the magnetic material, the second circuit being configured to convert power received from a second input voltage source to provide the converted power to the load and to perform the power conversion operation being reset by the clamp circuit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition, for freeze-dry protecting extracellular vesicles, capable of preserving the function and characteristics of extracellular vesicles, and an extracellular vesicle freeze-drying method using same. Trehalose and sucrose of the present invention are added to an extracellular vesicle freeze-drying process to solve the problems of crystal growth and redissolution capacity degradation, which are problems in an existing freeze-dry protective agent, and also maintain the unique marker, functional factor expressions and therapeutic effects of the extracellular vesicles, and thus may be variously utilized for producing various therapeutic agents using extracellular vesicles.

Abstract: A method of selectively forming a layer according to atomic layer deposition includes providing a substrate which includes a first region consisting of a first material and having a first surface and a second region consisting of a second material and having a second surface, forming a first reaction inhibition layer on the second surface using a reaction inhibitor selectively adsorbed on the second surface, selectively forming a first deposition layer on the first surface using a first precursor and a first reactant, wherein the first reactant reacts with the first precursor to form an atomic layer and does not react with the reaction inhibitor to form the atomic layer, and converting the first reaction inhibition layer on the second surface into a second deposition layer using a second reactant which reacts with the first reaction inhibition layer to form the atomic layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling object tracking and a method therefor are provided. The apparatus includes an object detector configured to detect an object in an image, an object tracker configured to track the object, a learning device configured to learn whether to enable the object detector based on features of the object and tracking results of the object tracker, and a controller configured to determine whether to enable the object detector by interworking with the learning device.

Abstract: A receiver of an optical communication system includes an organic photoelectric conversion device configured to convert optical signals received from a transmitter into an electrical signal; and a demodulator configured to input the electrical signal to a trained artificial neural network and demodulate the electrical signal based on an output of the trained artificial neural network.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for filling a gap by using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method are provided. The method includes forming a first reaction inhibition layer on a side wall of the gap; forming a first precursor layer by adsorbing a first reactant into a bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap; and forming a first atomic layer on the bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap by adsorbing a second reactant into the first precursor layer. The forming of the first reaction inhibition layer may include adsorbing a first reaction inhibitor into the side wall of the gap; and forming a second reaction inhibitor by removing a specific ligand from the first reaction inhibitor.

Abstract: The anode material for a lithium secondary battery includes: an Si-based anode active material; and a film layer including a self-assembly monolayer (SAM) formed through bonding of SAM precursors onto a surface of the Si-based anode active material.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling object tracking and a method therefor are provided. The apparatus includes an object detector configured to detect an object in an image, an object tracker configured to track the object, a learning device configured to learn whether to enable the object detector based on features of the object and tracking results of the object tracker, and a controller configured to determine whether to enable the object detector by interworking with the learning device.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for filling a gap by using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method are provided. The method includes forming a first reaction inhibition layer by adsorbing a reaction inhibitor onto a side wall of the gap, forming a first precursor layer by adsorbing a first reactant onto the bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap, and forming a first atomic layer on the bottom of the gap and the side wall of the gap around the bottom of the gap. The reaction inhibitor includes a precursor material that does not react with a second reactant. The first reaction inhibition layer may have a density gradient in which a density of the reaction inhibitor decreases toward a bottom of the gap. The forming the first atomic layer includes adsorbing the second reactant onto the first precursor layer.

Abstract: Provided is a method of training a generative adversarial network (GAN) for converting between heterogeneous domains, the method including training a first GAN and a second GAN with at least one unpaired training data set comprised of a training image of a first domain and a training image of a second domain; using the trained first GAN to convert a first image of the first domain to an image of the second domain; using the trained second GAN to reconvert the converted image of the second domain to a second image of the first domain; and performing segmentation on at least one of the first image of the first domain, the converted image of the second domain, or the reconverted second image of the first domain.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display apparatus. The display apparatus comprises a display; and a speaker wherein the speaker comprises a driver configured to output sound based on an input sound signal; an enclosure surrounding a rear side of the driver; and an air adsorption member comprising graphene provided in the enclosure. Based on the above, low-range reproduction capability of the speaker of the display apparatus may be improved and the degree of freedom in designing the speaker may be increased.

Abstract: A clutch control apparatus includes: a judder extractor for extracting a judder component based on a speed of a transmission input shaft; an anti-judder signal generator for generating a basic control signal, which is a reverse phase signal to the judder component, based on the judder component extracted by the judder extractor; a signal separator for separating an amplitude and a phase of the basic control signal received from the anti-judder signal generator; and a signal post-processing device for respectively adjusting the amplitude and the phase output from the signal separator and then combining the same together to output anti-judder torque.