Abstract: A method for manufacturing a 3-D high aspect-ratio microneedle array device, comprising steps of: providing a substrate, with a photoresist layer coated thereon; performing photolithography on the photoresist layer by using a gray-tone mask so as to form a patterned photoresist layer; performing high-selectivity etching on the patterned photoresist layer and the substrate by using inductively coupled plasma etching so as to transfer the pattern onto the substrate and form a structure; applying a material on the structure; and de-molding the structure from the substrate.

Abstract: A mobile host is connected to a communication terminal through a first mobile switching center of a cellular network, a first gateway at a near end of the Internet, and a second gateway at a far end of the Internet. When the mobile host roams from an area controlled by the first mobile switching center to an area controlled by a second mobile switching center, a comparison is done between the first gateway connected to the first mobile switching center and a third gateway that is connected to the second mobile switching center. If the third gateway and the first gateway are different, the third gateway invokes a call transfer procedure to the first gateway to establish a connection between the second gateway and the third gateway, and release a connection between the first gateway and the second gateway.

Abstract: An adaptive speech recognition method with noise compensation is disclosed. In speech recognition, optimal equalization factors for feature vectors of a plurality of speech frames corresponding to each probability density function in a speech model are determined based on the plurality of speech frames of the input speech and the speech model. The parameters of the speech model are adapted by the optimal equalization factor and a bias compensation vector, which is corresponding to and retrieved by the optimal equalization factor. The optimal equalization factor is provided to adjust a distance of the mean vector in the speech model. The bias compensation vector is provided to adjust a direction change of the mean vector in the speech model.

Abstract: In a wireless video transmission method for transmitting a video stream on wireless communication networks, the video stream is classified into at least two classes of sensitivity, each corresponding to a sensitive class of data. Each sensitive class of data is optionally advanced an ahead time for starting transmission based on the corresponding class of sensitivity. Then, an automatic repeat of data is optionally applied on each sensitive class of data based on the corresponding class of sensitivity, thereby providing an enhanced error protective capability and reducing the transmission delay.

Abstract: To form a brightness enhancement film of cholesteric liquid crystal, a photopolymerizable liquid crystal is first formed on a first substrate. A second substrate then is formed on the liquid crystal substance to form a sandwich structure. The sandwich structure is subsequently submitted to a lamination process that generates shear stress thereon. Finally, an energetic irradiation including UV irradiation is performed to solidify the layer of liquid crystal into a liquid crystal polymer film. The second substrate then is selectively removed. The above steps are repeated until a desired reflected wavelength range of the liquid crystal film is obtained.

Abstract: An active piezoelectric spindle bearing preload adjustment mechanism includes a preload adjustment assembly located between an inner ring and an outer ring of two bearings, and an internal generator mounted at a selected location in a spindle. The preload adjustment assembly includes a spacer ring set and a piezoelectric actuator located in the spacer ring set. The rotation speed of the spindle is changeable to enable the internal generator generating selected amount of power and voltage for controlling extension or contraction length of the piezoelectric actuator whereby to change slide distance between the inner and outer ring for controlling bearing preload value.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for implementing virtual local area networks (VLANs) over ATM using LAN over ATM emulation technology. Server nodes which provide address registration/resolution and which enable multicast and broadcast routing on each VLAN are interconnected into multiple trees. The root server nodes of each tree are interconnected according to a hypercube topology. Data structures for maintaining the locations and routing information of mobile terminals is provided. Methods for constructing and updating the data structures when a mobile terminal moves from location to another also provided. Methods are also provided for routing packets using the data structures to and from mobile terminals.

Abstract: A character recognition device and system:(1) constructs a database comprising pairs of similar-looking characters;(2) selects critical features distinguishing these characters from each other; and(3) performs a recognition process based on the selected critical features.In the present invention, sample data is automatically analyzed to construct a feature reference database for a typical character recognition device. If two characters are confused for a threshold number of times, this pair is considered to be similar-looking or confusing. The reference data already accumulated is statistically analyzed for each similar-looking pair to determine the importance of certain features in distinguishing the two characters. These features are further statistically analyzed so that only the most dominant features will be looked at and the less dominant or similar-looking features will be ignored.

Abstract: An ESD protection circuit for deep-submicron CMOS IC's provides Charged-Device Model (CDM) protection in addition to Human-Body Model (HBM) and Machine Model (MM) ESD events. An on-chip inductor is connected in series between a conventional ESD protection circuit and the thin gate oxide of a charged-device IC input stage. The inductor provides a voltage drop effect, a current limitation effect, and a time delay effect to prevent the CDM ESD current from being discharged through the thin gate oxide of the input stage IC. The inductor cooperates with traditional input ESD protection circuits to enable full ESD protection against all HBM, MM, and CDM ESD events. The inductor can be implemented in a square spiral layout structure of metal and/or poly, and can be placed directly under the input bonding pad, so as not to increase the total layout area of the input pad and input ESD protection circuits.

Abstract: An exclusive VCC is maintained between each two communicating work stations (MT pair). The handoff method differs if the MT moves to a coverage area having a base station connected to the same switch as the previous coverage area (intra-switch mobility) or to a coverage area having a base station connected to a different switch than the previous coverage area (inter-switch mobility). In intra-switch mobility, the switch changes the path directly to the new base station and eliminates the path through the original base station. In inter-switch mobility, the switch performs the path set-up. The path may be elongated from the switch connected to the original BS, to the new BS, rather than from the original BS to the new BS. This eliminates the path through the original base station. The exclusive VCC between the MT pair permits path elongation to be minimized.

Abstract: A variable length coder is disclosed having a ping-pong zigzag RAM, a zig-zag FIFO and a variable length integer (VLI), variable length code word (VLC) mixer. The ping-pong zig-zag RAM has a first RAM for processing each odd ordinalled block of the inputted sequence of blocks and a second RAM for processing each even ordinalled block of the inputted sequence of blocks. The zigzag FIFO has a comparator circuit, a counter and a FIFO. The comparator circuit is for determining whether or not an inputted coefficient is equal to zero. If the coefficient is non-zero, it is stored in the FIFO. If the coefficient equals zero, the counter increments a count maintained therein. The counter counts the number of zeros in each continuous sequence of zero coefficients in each block and outputs the count for each sequence of zeros for storage in the FIFO. The VLI,VLC mixer has a decoder for receiving the length of a VLC for each VLI,VLC pair and for outputting a mask word depending on the inputted VLC length.