Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides an apparatus for measuring a conductive pattern on a substrate, which includes: a first electro-optical modulator surrounding at least one first detecting roller; transmission rollers for transferring the substrate and allowing direct contact of the substrate and the first electro-optical modulator; a voltage supplier for providing a bias between the first electro-optical modulator and the substrate; and a first image detecting system for receiving a first detecting light reflected from a first surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A stereoscopic display including a displaying element, a light converging element, and a scanning element is provided. The displaying element is adapted to provide a light. The light converging element is disposed on a transmission path of the light for converging the light to at least one view region. The scanning element is disposed on the transmission path of the light for changing at least one transmission direction of the light with time. The scanning element includes a plurality of scanning units. Each of the scanning units includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first material with anisotropic refractive indices. The first material with anisotropic refractive indices is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: An encapsulation method of an environmental sensitive element is provided. An environmental sensitive element and a first rib are formed on a first substrate. The first rib surrounds the environmentally sensitive element. A getter layer is formed on the environmental sensitive element. A first encapsulation layer is formed to encapsulate the getter layer and the first rib. The first barrier layer is formed to encapsulate the first encapsulation layer located on the first rib. The first rib, a portion of the first encapsulation layer located on the first rib and the first barrier layer form a barrier structure. A second substrate is provided on the first substrate and a filling layer is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The second substrate is bonded to the first substrate by the filling layer. The filling layer encapsulates the environmental sensitive element, the first encapsulation layer and the barrier structure.

Abstract: A thin film transistor is provided. The thin film transistor includes a substrate, a gate, a source/drain, an insulating layer, and a semiconductor active layer. The gate and the source/drain are respectively deposited on the substrate and are separated by the insulating layer on the substrate. The semiconductor active layer connects the source and the drain. The material of the semiconductor active layer is a semiconductor precursor which produces semiconductor property after being irradiated by a light source. A liquid crystal display which includes the above thin film transistor is also provided.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an organic memory device is provided. In the method, a bottom electrode is formed on a substrate. A first surface treatment is performed on the bottom electrode to form a bottom surface treatment layer on a surface thereof. A polymer thin film is formed on the bottom surface treatment layer, and a top electrode is formed on the polymer thin film.

Abstract: A capacitive sensor includes a substrate, at least one first electrode, at least one second electrode, a sensing device, at least one anchor base, at least one movable frame, and a plurality of spring members. The first and second electrodes are disposed on the substrate, and the anchor base surrounds the first and second electrodes and is disposed on the substrate. The movable frame surrounds the sensing device. Some of the spring members connect the movable frame and the sensing device, and the other spring members connect the movable frame and the anchor base. The sensing device and the first electrode are both sensing electrodes. The movable frame is disposed above the second electrode, and cooperates with the second electrode to act as a capacitive driver.

Abstract: A display material and method and device thereof are provided. The display material is first formed by evenly mixing appropriate weight ratios of DFLCs, incurable nanoparticles, curable nanoparticles, and a photoinitiator. Next, the evenly mixed mixture is disposed between two parallel conducting transparent substrates, wherein an electrical field is conducted thereto and the DFLCs therein aligned to the direction of the applied electrical field. Concurrently, under the applied electrical field, some curable nanoparticles within the evenly mixed mixture, form short nano chains, initiating the photo initiator. The frame structure of short nano chains stabilize both the clear and scattering states, thereby the bistable characteristic was improved and the contrast ratio was enhanced as applied to bistable displays.

Abstract: A speaker structure including a single electret vibrating film structure, a single metal electrode with a plurality of holes and a frame supporting member is provided. In an example, the electret vibrating film structure is formed by an electret film layer, an ultra-thin metal thin film electrode and an isolation layer stacked together, in which the ultra-thin metal thin film electrode is located between the electret film layer and the isolation layer. In another example, the electret vibrating film structure is formed by the electret film layer and a conductive electrode layer having oxide conductive materials. The frame supporting member is located between the electret vibrating film structure and the metal electrode for forming a space for the vibration of the electret vibrating film structure, so as to generate sounds.

Abstract: An optical network device of a passive optical network is introduced. The optical network device includes a light source, a control unit, and a variable optical attenuator. The light source can generate an optical signal. The control unit can generate a magnetic signal based on a control signal capable of providing information relating to a distance between the optical network device and an optical line termination. The variable optical attenuator can adjust a polarization angle of the optical signal based on the magnetic signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing generalized link adaptation in an orthogonal frequency-division multiple access wireless communications network can include determining a number of desired resource blocks (RBs) for each user of a plurality of users; calculating a maximal channel gain Gm for each RB of a plurality of RBs; reordering the plurality of RBs based on the Gm; assigning one of the plurality of RBs to the plurality of users one-by-one according to the reordering of the plurality of RBs; determining a priority list for assigning remaining unassigned RBs; assigning the remaining unassigned RBs to the plurality of users based on the priority list; and mapping a symbol or a packet to each assigned RB.

Abstract: A method for coordinating cooperative robots is provided. The method includes following steps. An abnormal event is detected by a sensor disposed in an environment or in a robot. The abnormal event is broadcasted to the cooperative robots. Each robot determines whether the priority of the abnormal event is higher than that of its currently executing task. If the answer is “yes,” whether function attributes of the robot meet attributes of the abnormal event is then determined. If the function attributes of the cooperative robot do not meet the attributes of the abnormal event, the robot broadcasts to acquire help from other robots, thereby constituting an instantly designated task team. The instantly designated task team goes to where the abnormal event takes place to process the abnormal event. After the abnormal event has been eliminated, the instantly designated task team is dismissed and these robots resume their original tasks.

Abstract: A light emitting device package including a light emitting device and a magnetic ring is provided. The magnetic ring surrounds the light emitting device for forming a magnetic source for applying a magnetic field to the light emitting device.

Abstract: A method for receiving an optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signal and a receiver thereof are applicable to an optical OFDM system. The receiving method includes the following steps. An optical signal is converted into a digital signal. A symbol boundary of the digital signal is estimated. A guard interval of the digital signal is removed according to the symbol boundary, so as to generate an electrical signal. The electrical signal is converted into a plurality of frequency domain sub-carriers in a fast Fourier transform (FFT) manner. A timing offset is estimated with pilot carriers and frequency domain sub-carriers corresponding to the same symbol period. The estimated symbol boundary is compensated with the timing offset. Each frequency domain sub-carrier includes a plurality of pilot carrier signals. Through the receiving method, the timing offset arisen from chromatic dispersion of an optical fiber is effectively estimated and adopted for compensation.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for motion estimation for video processing. An embodiment of a method for motion estimation includes the following steps. In the course of motion estimation, integer motion estimation is performed with respect to a macroblock to generate a plurality of integer motion vectors. It is determined, according to a portion of the motion vectors, which correspond to a plurality of block modes, whether the integer motion vectors of each block mode are substantially equal to those of a corresponding upper-layer block mode of the block mode, so as to determine whether to perform or skip fractional motion estimation of the block mode, wherein each corresponding upper-layer block mode(s) of the block modes is greater than the block mode.

Abstract: A resistive memory cell is described, including a first electrode, a high-resistance ferroelectric material layer and a second electrode. The ferroelectric material layer has a first interface with the first electrode and has a second interface with the second electrode, wherein the second interface is not parallel with the first interface. A method of operating the resistive memory cell is also described, including applying between the first electrode and the second electrode a series of voltages, which has positive polarity and negative polarity alternately and has descending absolute values, to form in the ferroelectric material layer at least one domain wall with low resistance.

Abstract: A rotary spindle head for a machine tool, comprises a rotary spindle unit, a fork-shaped spindle base, and a driving unit, wherein the fork-shaped spindle base is disposed to the machine tool and is rotatably connecting to the rotary spindle unit, while the driving unit, having a torque motor and a planetary-gear speed reducer coaxially coupled to the torque motor, is coupled to the fork-shaped spindle base. The planetary-gear speed reducer is coupled to the rotary spindle unit for driving the rotary spindle unit to rotate within the fork-shaped spindle base. Since the planetary-gear speed reducer has lower speed reduction ratio and has a speed reducing design with the coaxial arrangement of the input/output shafts, it is capable of magnifying the torque of the torque motor for retaining a higher rotation speed so that the rotary spindle head can be utilized for high-speed light-machining and high-torque heavy-machining.

Abstract: A current-mode analog baseband apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a current-mode low-order filter, a current-mode programmable gain amplifier (PGA) unit and a high-order filter. The input impedance is smaller than the output impedance in the current-mode low-order filter. An input terminal of the current-mode PGA unit is connected to an output terminal of the current-mode low-order filter. An input terminal of the high-order filter is connected to an output terminal of the current-mode PGA unit.

Abstract: An injection-locked frequency divider is provided and which includes an injection transistor, an oscillator, a current source and a transformer. The injection transistor is used to receive an injection signal. The oscillator is used to divide the injection signal to generate a divided frequency signal. The current source is coupled to the oscillator to provide a current to the oscillator. The transformer is coupled between the injection transistor and the oscillator to increase the equivalent transconductance of the injection transistor, and thus increasing the locking range of the injection-locked frequency divider.

Abstract: A current-mode amplifier including an input stage, a feedback circuit and an output stage is provided. The input stage has an input terminal for receiving an input current of the current-mode amplifier. The input stage generates a corresponding inner current in accordance with the input current and a feedback current. The feedback circuit is connected to the input stage. The feedback circuit generates the corresponding feedback current in accordance with the inner current of the input stage. An input terminal of the output stage is connected to an output terminal of the input stage. An output terminal of the output stage serves as an output terminal of the current-mode amplifier.

Abstract: A rotary spindle head with gear reducer is provided, which comprises a rotary spindle unit, a fork-shaped type spindle base and a driving unit. The fork-shaped spindle base is for linking up the rotary spindle unit with a machine tool, and the driving unit comprises a torque motor and a gear reducer which are sited coaxially on the fork-shaped spindle base. The gear reducer is connected to the rotary spindle unit to drive and rotate the rotary spindle unit in the fork-shaped spindle base. The gear reducer is designed to lower decelerating rate. Besides, the input and output of the gear reducer are coaxial design, the torque of torque motor could be magnified to several times and maintain higher rotational speed to do the high speed light cutting and high torque heavy cutting work.