Abstract: An improved valve plate structure for use in axial plunger pumps is disclosed. It comprises: (a) a valve plate, which comprises a suction port, a displacement port, and a pressure build-up zone therebetween; (b) a valve cover, which is in close contact with the valve plate, comprises a suction port at a location corresponding to the suction port of the valve plate and a displacement port at a location corresponding to the displacement port of the valve plate; (c) a flow-diverted channel formed in the pressure build up zone of the valve plate; (d) a through hole provided in the bottom of the flow-diverted channel penetrating through the bottom part of the valve plate; (e) a guided channel formed in the valve cover at an interface between the cover and the valve plate abutting the through hole of the flow-diverted channel.

Abstract: A locking mechanism of zoom lens which is primarily applied on zoom lens to prevent the lens group of the zoom lens to prevent the lens group of the zoom lens structure from entering into the non-zooming zone of the curvilinear slots through its zooming zone. The said locking mechanism of zoom lens mainly consists of a reverse rotation stopping block, a spring-loaded restoring slider, a stopping piece and a cap.

Abstract: An analog to digital converter for the conversion of an analog input signal to a digital output code is disclosed. The analog to digital converter has a voltage reference generator to create a plurality of voltage references that divides the total conversion range of the input into increments equal to the smallest resolution increment. The digital output code is divided into most significant bits, intermediate significant bits and least significant bits. The most significant bits are encoded from a set of coarse digital signals that are formed in a set of coarse comparators. The coarse digital code is used to determine the selection of the sub-coarse voltage references. The intermediate significant bits are encoded from a set of subcoarse digital signals. The subcoarse digital code that and the coarse digital code are used to determine the selection of the fine voltage references.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a cold cathode field emission display whose resolution is not limited by the provision of individual ballast resistors for each pixel or by the wiring system used to deliver voltage to the cold cathodes. This has been achieved by providing additional layers beneath the cold cathodes arrays so that said resistors and voltage delivery systems are located directly below the cold cathode arrays instead of alongside of them. Six different embodiments of the invention are described.

Abstract: A process is described for the manufacture of a luminescent screen that eliminates image distorting or crosstalk effects resulting from secondary and back-scattered electrons that end up in adjoining sub-pixels. An unusually thick (ca. 70 microns) black matrix is first formed on the substrate surface and is given a tapered cross-sectional shape such that it is smaller at its top surface than at the substrate surface. Said tapered profile may be achieved through a screen-on process or by an overetching process. This is followed by the deposition of a transparent conductive layer, such as ITO, onto which the various layers of different phosphors that make up the sub-pixels of the display are deposited by means of electrophoresis.

Abstract: A self contained unit for forming Cu metallurgy interconnection structures on SC substrates. The unit has an enclosed chamber with a plurality of apparatus for performing wet processes, including electroless metal plating and planarization. The unit provides a way of reducing the number of times the wafer is transferred between the wet process steps that require less environmental cleanliness and dry very clean processes steps.

Abstract: A data processing system for decoding instructions in parallel in a superscalar, complex instruction set computing (CISC) computer. In a training mode of operation, an encrypter 29 encrypts preprocessed instructions retrieved from an instruction cache 26. In a processing mode of operation, instruction information is fetched and decrypted in decrypter 30. A prefetcher 21 separates the fetched instruction according to the decrypted boundary information. An instruction length verifier 25 verifies that the instructions were separated correctly and controls decoders 22a-c according to the verification. If the verification is correct for a given set of instructions, the system processes the instructions in parallel through the decoders to a dispatch logic circuit 23 and then to functional units 24. If the verification is incorrect, those related instructions may be needed to decode serially.

Abstract: The present invention is a protective cover opening mechanism for cassette loading and unloading apparatus of a digital compact cassette (DCC) or analog compact cassette (ACC). The apparatus consists of a sliding plate, a turning arm, a spline, and a stretching spring. The end surface of the sliding plate has an inclined plane with a concave channel at its bottom with an end part with the first pulling hook. There is a sliding slot on the sliding plate and the spline is fitted into this sliding slot. The spline shaft is attached to one end of the turning arm. The turning arm has a second pulling hook and there is a stretching spring connected between the first and second pulling hooks. The turning arm has a fixed pin, which when a DCC is inserted moves the fixed pin along the inclined plane of the sliding plate and while moving opens the protective cover. If an ACC is inserted, the fixed pin slides along the outer edge only and does not affect the ACC at all.

Abstract: A wholly aromatic polyamide fiber containing above about 600 ppm (about 0.2 mole percent) of sulfonate in the polymer main chain is provided. The sulfonate is represented by the general formulas (III) or (IV): ##STR1## where M is hydrogen, a metal cation, or a quaternary ammonium ion. The fiber exhibits excellent dyeability and can be cation-dyed without the use of a dye carrier.

Abstract: Described are methods for making, and resultant structures of, a field emission display with soft luminescence and a comfortable image for a viewer of the display. The field emission display is formed with a baseplate and an opposing face plate. Field emission microtips are formed in openings in a conductive and insulating layer on the baseplate. An anode is formed on either the faceplate, or on the conductive layer surrounding each opening. Phosphorescent material is formed over the anode. A blocking layer is formed between the phosphor and the faceplate, such that during operation of the display direct light emission from the phosphor is blocked, resulting in indirect phosphorescence and a more comfortable display image. An optional reflective layer may be added over the conductive layer to increase phosphorescence.

Abstract: A winding method to accomplish a stator coil of a motor by use of the blank slot technique. The number of stator slot of the motor is not an integer multiple of the number of poles, thus the number of stator slots, to which each individual pole corresponds, is a fraction. Either to install stator coils in stator slots such that the winding locations are the same as those of using fraction slot winding method, but in this case, some of the stator slots filled with long pole-pitch coils to perform double-layer winding will be left empty and will not be embedded with in the stator coil, or let the two neighboring sides slots of the stator, which requires to stride over a ling pole-pitch to perform double-layer winding, leave half of the slot empty an embed only half of the slot with stator coil, therefore it ends up with a simple winding mode and attains the object of eliminating cogging phenomena of a motor. Both of these winding can result in phase balance.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of fabrication and structure for spacers between the anode substrate and the cathode substrate of a field emission display. The spacers have a high aspect ratio and will be invisible to the human eye in the display image. An adhesive dielectric paste of glass frit in a binder is formed in cylindrical holes in a photoresist layer. Glass spacer spheres are placed on each column of dielectric paste. When fired the glass frit coalesces into a solid glass rod and bonds the glass spacer sphere to one end of the solid glass rod and the anode substrate to the other end of the solid glass rod. The firing also burns away the photoresist layer. The dark area in the image due to the spacers is less than 50 micrometers which will be invisible to the human eye.

Abstract: An additional high quality insulating layer is grown over the substrate after the formation of the gate electrode of a thin film transistor (TFT). The growth temperature of the insulating layer can be higher than conventional method and the insulating layer is more free of pin-holes. After the insulating layer in the thin oxide region of the TFT is etched away, conventional fabrication processes are followed. The dielectric of the thin film oxide region is the same as that of the conventional TFT; but the dielectric in the vincinity of the thin oxide region, the crossovers of the data lines and the scan lines, and the gate dielectric layer of the TFT are now composed of the high quality insulating layer. The TFT structure can improve the yield of fabrication by confining the channel region in the shadow of the gate electrode to reduce the leakage photo-current, and by reducing the steps at cross-overs steps and interconnections to avoid open-circuit.

Abstract: The electric circuit of a Liquid Crystal Display normally includes a common electrode comprising a material such as indium-tin-oxide that has high resistivity and hence high series resistance. Said series resistance is significantly reduced by the design taught in the present invention wherein an electrically conductive black matrix is located so as to be in contact with the common electrode. Additionally, said design reduces the level of light reflected back in the direction of viewing, thereby improving the contrast level of the display.

Abstract: An improved process for the esterification of carboxylic acid and alcohols into carboxylic ester is disclosed. It comprises the steps of: (a) charging the esterification reactants into a fixed bed reactor under a predetermined reaction condition; and (b) reacting the esterification reactants in the fixed bed reactor. The fixed bed reactor contains acidic catalysts that are present in a solid phase, and the reaction condition is controlled such that (i) the reactants and the products co-exist in a gas-liquid two-phase equilibrium in the fixed bed reactor and that (ii) at least one component of the reactants is present in one phase and at least one component of the products is present in another phase. Because a phase change is always taking place concurrently with the esterification reaction; the reaction stream is maintained at a relatively uniform temperature.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing multiple-exposure photomasks having at least three levels of transmissivity is disclosed. A conventional bi-exposure photomask is first formed which contains a macroscopically exposed area, a microscopically exposed area, and a masked area on a transparent substrate. Then a diffractive-refractive light-scattering optical element is formed above the microscopically exposed area so as to provide an exposure area with an intermediate light transmissivity. In a preferred embodiment, the diffractive-refractive light-scattering optical element above the microscopically exposed area is formed by first forming a transparent positive photoresist above the bi-exposure photomask. The transparent positive photoresist is exposed to an irradiation from the bottom of the transparent substrate, and is developed. Finally, the transparent positive photoresist is heated to cause a melt-flow thereof which forms a concave optical element above the microscopically exposed area.

Abstract: A flat panel display having a repair capability, a process for repairing such a display having defects involving short circuits between a field emission tip and an adjacent conductor, and a process for forming a flat panel display with repair capability, are described. The flat panel display has a dielectric base substrate, upon which are formed cathode columns of parallel, spaced conductors. Gate lines, also formed of parallel, spaced conductors, are located over and perpendicular to the cathode columns. A dielectric layer is formed between the cathode columns and the gate lines. Pixels of the display are located at the intersections of the cathode columns and the gate lines. A plurality of openings are formed in the gate lines and in the dielectric layer, at each of the pixels. A plurality of field emission microtips, at each of the pixels, connects to and extends up from the cathode columns and into the openings.

Abstract: A surface-emitting AlGaInP LED is disclosed.

Abstract: A field emission display with enhanced brightness and contrast, and a method for making such a display, is described. The display has a backplate and an opposing face plate, where a glass plate acts as a base for the faceplate. A patterned layer of transparent conductive material is formed over the glass plate, and acts as an anode for the display. There is a plurality of phosphorescent elements formed over the anode. Openings extending between the phosphorescent elements and through the anode. The baseplate, formed on a substrate, is mounted opposite and parallel to the faceplate. There is a reflective, conductive layer over the substrate. A plurality of electron-emitting tips are formed on the baseplate, extend through openings in the reflective, conductive layer, and are formed directly opposite to the phosphorescent elements, and are divided into smaller groups, or pixels. There is black matrix material over the anode around the periphery of each of the pixels.

Abstract: A non-specular reflecting surface for use in a Liquid Crystal Display is obtained by randomly embedding particles in a layer of a resin solution and then baking to hardness. The particles' sizes are approximately the same as the layer's thickness, so a randomly uneven surface is the result. The particles are most commonly, but not necessarily, commercially available plastic microspheres. If a photosensitive resin is selected, it may be shaped into a desired pattern without the need for a separate photoresist and etch step. When a high reflectance metal is deposited onto the resin surface it becomes an effective non-specular reflector.