Abstract: The present invention relates to a control system and control method for controlling a switching device (1) integrated in an electronic converter, the object of which is to extend the working voltage range of the switching devices and thus increase the power of the electronic DC/AC converter which prepares the energy produced by a energy generating system and injects it into the electrical grid. It basically comprises a voltage source (3), a capacitance (7), a first gate resistor (21) and a second gate resistor (22), a first circuit formed by a series resistor (6) with a first diode (5), a second circuit formed by a second diode (4) and a connecting element (8) controlled by a control unit (12) that controls the opening and closing thereof. Another object of the present invention is a switching cell for an electronic converter comprising said control system.

Abstract: The invention is a multilevel electronic DC/AC or AC/DC power converter for n output voltage levels with a positive branch (POS) with a positive DC voltage terminal (2), a negative branch (NEG) with a negative DC voltage terminal (1), and an AC voltage terminal (3) connected to the positive branch (POS) and to the negative branch (NEG), DC bus capacitors (4) interconnected between positive (2) and negative (1) DC voltage terminals and an intermediate DC voltage terminal (5) connected between the two DC bus capacitors (4); a plurality of first external controlled semiconductors (6) and second external controlled semiconductors (7) and, at least, one high-current DC capacitor (11), at least two high-frequency and low-current capacitors (12) and one intermediate controlled semiconductor (8) connected between the intermediate DC voltage terminal (5) and an intermediate terminal (10) of an internal branch (INT) connected in parallel with each high-current DC capacitor (11).

Abstract: A control method for multi-converter systems wherein all DC/AC converters (1.1-1.n) are connected to a single transformer (2) via a single primary winding. The method of the present invention stands out mainly because it controls the common-mode voltage generated by the different DC/AC converters (1.1-1.n) so that said voltage falls mainly on the transformer (2).

Abstract: A wind turbine that includes a housing, an asynchronous generator disposed in the housing and configured to be electrically connected to a power grid connection; a power converter circuit disposed in the housing and configured to be electrically connected to the asynchronous generator; and a variable impedance device disposed in the housing, connected to the generator and configured to limit current by varying impedance in response to a transient current. The wind turbine delivers reactive power to the power grid when the variable impedance device varies impedance in response to the transient current. The variable impedance device can be arranged in series between the asynchronous generator and the power grid connection, or can be in a shunt arrangement between the asynchronous generator and a neural point.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a control system and control method for controlling a switching device (1) integrated in an electronic converter, the object of which is to extend the working voltage range of the switching devices and thus increase the power of the electronic DC/AC converter which prepares the energy produced by a energy generating system and injects it into the electrical grid. It basically comprises a voltage source (3), a capacitance (7), a first gate resistor (21) and a second gate resistor (22), a first circuit formed by a series resistor (6) with a first diode (5), a second circuit formed by a second diode (4) and a connecting element (8) controlled by a control unit (12) that controls the opening and closing thereof. Another object of the present invention is a switching cell for an electronic converter comprising said control system.

Abstract: Protection system for a power converter connected to a doubly fed induction generator having a rotor and a stator. The power converter includes a grid-side-converter, a machine-side-converter, a DC link between both converters, a chopper connected to the DC link, and a hardware protection system connected to the rotor of the generator. The protection system includes a first control unit for controlling the hardware protection system depending on the voltage in the DC link, a second control unit for controlling the chopper depending on the DC link voltage, and a third control unit for controlling both converters.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of controlling a frequency converter is provided. First, subsynchronous components in the electrical grid are identified using voltage measurements of the electrical grid. The subsynchronous components of the electrical grid are then used to determine set points for damping currents. These damping currents are then added to current set points calculated by power regulation loops to generate total current set points. Thereafter, the frequency converter is controlled based on the total current set points.

Abstract: The present invention describes a diaphragm comprising SPEEK for alkaline electrolysis with a first layer having micropores and a second layer of macroporous channels which start at the contact surface between the first and the second layer then extending and forming the outer surface of the second layer, where said macroporous channels increase in section and change direction as they approach said outer surface of the second layer, and where the walls of the macrochannels are in turn macroporous. The invention also describes a production method for producing the diaphragm comprising the use of the chemically induced phase separation (CIPS) technique, and its use in alkaline electrolysis and in electrolyzers.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a power supply system and method for the various elements forming DC/AC electronic power converters that assures the operation of the converters during normal operating conditions and anomalous operating conditions, being specially designed for photovoltaic systems connected to the power grid and capable of providing direct current and alternating current voltages at the output thereof from at least one DC power source (1) and at least one AC power source (2), which basically comprises an output for DC loads (6) connected to the output of a DC/DC converter (3) the input of which is connected to the DC power source (1), an AC output for critical loads (7) connected to a first selector (5) configured for alternating between a first position where said AC output for critical loads (7) is connected to the output of a first DC/AC converter (4) the input of which is connected to the DC power source (1), and a second position where said AC output for critical loads (7) is co

Abstract: Protection system for a power converter connected to a doubly fed induction generator having a rotor and a stator. The power converter includes a grid-side-converter, a machine-side-converter, a DC link between both converters, a chopper connected to the DC link, and a hardware protection system connected to the rotor of the generator. The protection system includes a first control unit for controlling the hardware protection system depending on the voltage in the DC link, a second control unit for controlling the chopper depending on the DC link voltage, and a third control unit for controlling both converters.

Abstract: It stands out mainly for consisting of a nested configuration of electrolysis units (5), independently operated, the nominal power values of which are descendant in such a manner that, for any unit of the system, the sum of the nominal power of the smaller electrolysis units (5) is always greater than or equal to the “dead band” (DB) of said units, allowing reduction of the dead band of said hydrogen production system (4) to negligible levels, avoiding loss or discharge of the energy generated in said renewable power stations, preferably one or several wind farms (2) formed by a group of wind turbines (1), connected to the power grid (3) as a consequence of the implementation of a primary control service therein or, in general, of any other active power control service, thereby optimizing the total energy obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell (20) comprising a bipolar plate (26); an annular support next to the bipolar plate (26); a first electrode (22) separated from the bipolar plate (26) defining a first half-cell (10?) (cationic or anionic) together with the plate and the annular support. The cell also has a membrane (23) next to the first electrode (22); a second electrode (24) next to the membrane (23); and a closure element (21) defining a second half-cell (10?) (cationic or anionic depending on the nature of the second electrode) together with the second electrode (24). In the present invention the closure element (21) is housed within the annular support (25).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an energy conversion circuit comprising a switching stage with a positive DC voltage terminal (1), a negative DC voltage terminal (3), m?1 intermediate DC voltage terminals (2) m DC bus capacitors (5); and p linked cells consisting of m+1 switches (9) and at least one capacitor (10), connecting cell 1 to the positive DC voltage terminal (1), negative DC voltage terminals (3) and intermediate DC voltage terminals (2); and a multilevel converter, the output of which is connected to the AC voltage terminal (4), with a positive voltage terminal (12) and a negative voltage terminal (14) of the multilevel converter and m?1 intermediate voltage terminals of the multilevel converter (13), which are connected to the positive output terminal of the switching stage (6), to the negative output terminal of the switching stage (8), and to the m?1 intermediate output terminals of the switching stage (7), respectively.

Abstract: Optimizes the operation and control of electric generators against events produced in the power grid, such as voltage dips or overvoltages, comprising the following steps: detecting that the DC bus voltage level (Vbus) (301) exceeds the maximum operating limit established in normal conditions; enabling activation permission of the chopper (201); activating the different operating states (304) of the chopper (201) according to the DC bus voltage level (Vbus) (301) and to the current entering the DC bus (Iin.bus) from the generator; detecting that the DC bus voltage level (Vbus) (301) is within the normal operating range; enabling deactivation permission of the chopper (201); deactivating the different operating states (304) of the chopper (201) according to the DC bus voltage level (Vbus) (301) and to the current entering the DC bus (Iin.bus) from the generator.

Abstract: The present invention describes a diaphragm comprising SPEEK for alkaline electrolysis with a first layer having micropores and a second layer of macroporous channels which start at the contact surface between the first and the second layer then extending and forming the outer surface of the second layer, where said macroporous channels increase in section and change direction as they approach said outer surface of the second layer, and where the walls of the macrochannels are in turn macroporous. The invention also describes a production method for producing the diaphragm comprising the use of the chemically induced phase separation (CIPS) technique, and its use in alkaline electrolysis and in electrolyzers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric energy conversion method and system with at least two conversion units (14), comprising control means (12) establishing the maximum output current of the operative conversion modules, as well as the commutation frequency of the entire or of a sub-group of the operative conversion modules to thus increase the availability of the conversion system in the event of failures.

Abstract: The invention describes a system and a method for controlling an electric generator connected to the power grid during a voltage drop in the power grid, the system comprising a back-to-back converter (2) connected between the generator (3) and the power grid (4) and also, in parallel to the generator side converter (2a), rectifying means (5) connected in series between the generator (3) and the DC-link (2b) of the back-to-back converter (2), thus providing an alternative way for the energy excess at the generator side to enter the DC-link (2b).

Abstract: A control method and apparatus are provided to convert a DC voltage into alternating voltage. The apparatus includes a first inverter and a second inverter to generate a first alternating voltage and a second alternating voltage, respectively. Also included is an interphase transformer to combine these alternating voltages in parallel to obtain a first resulting alternating voltage. The apparatus also includes a third inverter and a fourth inverter to generate a third and fourth alternating voltage, respectively. These are combined to form a second resulting alternating voltage. The second resulting alternating voltage is displaced in phase approximately 180° in relation to the first resulting alternating voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multilevel electronic power converter for n output voltage levels with a positive branch (POS) with a positive DC voltage terminal (1), a negative branch (NEG) with a negative DC voltage terminal (2), and an AC voltage terminal (3) connected to the positive branch (POS) and to the negative branch (NEG); at least two DC bus capacitors (4) interconnected between the positive DC voltage terminal (1) and negative DC voltage terminal (2) and an intermediate DC voltage terminal (5) connected between the two DC bus capacitors (4); at least two first external semiconductors (6) and at least two second external semiconductors (7) with respective antiparallel diodes connected in series, respectively, in the positive (POS) and negative (NEG) branches between the DC voltage terminal (1, 2) and the AC voltage terminal (3); at least one high-current DC capacitor (11) connected between the positive (POS) and negative (NEG) branches, and at least two high-frequency low-current capacitors (12, 13

Abstract: The invention relates to a control method applicable to structures for converting direct current/alternating current, dc/ac, especially for photovoltaic systems. The control method according to the invention enables the switching losses of the semiconductors to be reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the conversion structure. The invention can also be applied to other fields of energy, such as the generation of energy by means of electrochemical cells or wind energy.