Abstract: The apparatus for acoustic-emission inspection of articles has channels e including a series connection of a transducer of acoustic emission signals, positionable on an article under inspection, and an amplifier of electric signals, having connected to its output a unit for measuring the parameters of acoustic emission signals and a shaper of single pulses, of which the output is connected to the first input of a unit for measuring time intervals. The other input of the unit for measuring time intervals of each channel is connected to the output of a clock pulse generator. The output of the clock pulse generator is also connected to the input of a frequency divider. The apparatus further comprises an OR gate of which the inputs, in a number equalling the number of the channels, are connected to the outputs of the shapers of single pulses of each channel, and the output is connected to the third inputs of the units for measuring time intervals in each channel.

Abstract: An apparatus for overhead submerged-arc welding has a rotatable hopper containing flux and accommodating a bowl communicating with a driven auger feeder having an auger rotating at a constant speed. In the bowl is extended a welding nozzle for a consumable electrode and a former is provided adjacent to the welding nozzle above the brim of the open part of the bowl facing towards a work being welded. The apparatus is also provided with a counter for counting the number of revolutions of the auger and a means for controlling flux supplied to the bowl which are connected to each other for actuating the latter when the auger has completed a preset number of revolutions.

Abstract: The proposed method relates to the ionization of plasma-generating gas in a ilot arc before being supplied to the electrode region, thus generating charges in this electrode region, the charges promoting dispersion of an arc spot. For this purpose, an electrode assembly is provided within the plasma-arc torch, which electrode assembly comprises a hollow tungsten electrode and a solid electrode of the same metal, the solid electrode being radially spaced from the hollow electrode. Both electrodes are put in an electric power circuit, whereby an arc is initiated between the electrodes when switching on the electric circuit, plasma being generated in the arc, which plasma serves to start the main arc and provides for dispersion of the arc spot over the surface of the hollow electrode. This decreases the current density in the arc spots and, hence, minimizes electrode erosion.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a current transformer coupled to the welding tranrmer primary and connected with an analog transmitter of the welding current and with a digital transmitter of the duration of short-circuits in the welding circuit, having a memory element at the output.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for electroslag welding of light metals, which includes establishing a slag bath, fusing an electrode and edges to be weld-joined, and filling with molten metal the gap between the edges, the weld metal being held in a liquid state after switching off the welding current with concurrently increasing the slag bath heat capacity.The method employs a flux of the following composition (in wt. %):______________________________________ barium fluoride 60.0 to 90.0 calcium fluoride 5.0 to 15.0 lithium fluoride 1.0 to 5.0 sodium fluoride 1.0 to 10.0 potassium fluoride 1.0 to 15.

Abstract: A pipe resistance butt welding apparatus comprises a body with an elongated arrying member and two internal expanding clamps including current-feeding shoes. One of the clamps is rigidly attached to the body, whereas the other is movably mounted on the elongated carrying member and connected with a drive intended to communicate reciprocating motion to the other clamp. A trimming mechanism for removing flash is mounted on at least one of the internal expanding clamps. The body of the apparatus mounts centering supporting rollers and driving wheels, the former and the latter being secured thereto by means of spring-loaded levers. The driving wheels are connected with a rotation drive intended to rotate the wheels. The body carries a powder cylinder and spring-loaded three-arm rockers, the latter being turnably mounted. The first arm of each of said three-arm rockers carries a driving wheel, the second arm carries an additional supporting roller, and the third arm is connected with a rod of the power cylinder.

Abstract: A plasma-arc furnace comprises a casing with plasma torches, particularly ree torches, mounted therewithin in symmetrical relationship relative to the vertical axis thereof. Each of these torches comprises a body provided with a nozzle and an axial conduit for feeding a plasma-forming gas therethrough, and a cylindrical electrode disposed within said conduit. According to the invention, the distance between the centers of working ends of electrodes disposed within adjacent plasma torches is not more than 15 diameters of the electrode.

Abstract: A method for electroslag welding of metals whose density is less than that f welding fluxes, is provided. The method is based on floating-up of drops of molten metal of the edges being welded and of the electrode in a slag whose density exceeds that of the metal. The floating-up metal drops form a metal bath on the surface of the slag bath, and crystallization of the metal bath produces a weld. In the course of welding, the electrode metal is fed into the slag bath in the upward direction, while the electrode metal melts and the weld is built up in the downward direction.

Abstract: A flux-cored electrode intended for arc welding of steels in carbon dioxide s characterized in having a casing of a low-carbon steel filled with a powder flux containing (in weight percent):calcined magnesite: 4-8,feldspar: 6-9,calcium fluoride: 4-5.5,titanium dioxide: 14-20,ferromanganese: 6-10,ferrosilicon: 1.5-3,iron powder: the rest.The flux-cored electrode is practicable if used in semi-automatic and automatic welding of metal structures from structural low-carbon and low-alloy steels and from steels of improved strength. The flux-cored electrode with the above chemical composition of the flux is conducive to reduced separation of fluoride gases harmful to welders, the high welding characteristics of the electrode remaining intact.

Abstract: Premelted slag and metal of a specified composition are poured into a recacle. Thereafter, electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes is carried out in a slag pool formed in the receptacle. As the poured-in metal and remelted metal solidify, a non-split workpiece is being formed of two parts, of which one part is formed of the poured-in metal and the other one of the consumable electrode being melted down. To produce hollow billets with bottom parts according to the method, described above, the molten metal is taken in an amount determined by the mass of the bottom part. The molten slag and molten metal are poured into a working space of an apparatus for producing cast hollow billets, which working space is defined by a stationary bottom plate, the mould walls and by a mandrel. This very working space is also used for effecting electroslag remelting of consumable electrodes to form the remainder part of the hollow billet.

Abstract: An ingot electroslag remelting apparatus is provided with two electrode hers for feeding consumable electrodes into the melting space of a mould. The electrode holders are secured to ends of booms rotatable in a vertical plane. The booms are mounted on carriages slidable in vertical guides.The proposed invention reduces the time necessary to replace a melted consumable electrode by a fresh one in the melting space of the mould.