Abstract: The present invention relates to an additive that inhibits formation of gas hydrates for water-based drilling fluid, the additive having at least the following constituents (weight percent): a mixture A of glycerol derivatives having 10 to 55% monoglycerol, 15 to 32% diglycerol, and 5 to 12% triglycerol; 0 to 10% of at least one carboxylic acid salt, 0 to 45% of at least one inorganic salt.

Abstract: A separator is made of a porous material and is intended to treat gaseous effluents which contain particles whose size is substantially less than one micrometer or of the order of one micrometer. The porous material includes channels. The channels are delimited by a fibrous porous material such as batting.

Abstract: A cogeneration method and device by turbine, particularly by gas turbine, uses a compression section, at least one expansion section, and a combustion chamber. A combustion agent including oxygen is compressed in the compression section; in the combustion chamber, one combustion step is carried out under pressure with a mixture of combustion agent compressed with a fuel; at least some of the hot gases obtained by pressurized combustion are used to effect an exchange with an external facility; and at least one postcombustion step is carried out of a mixture of hot gases coming from combustion with a fuel, prior to the exchange, and at least one other postcombustion step of a mixture of hot gases, coming from the exchange, with a fuel, in order to obtain hot gases that are sent to the expansion section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing middle distillates from a paraffinic feedstock produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, using a hydrocracking/hydroisomerization catalyst which comprises at least one hydrodehydrogenating element chosen from the group formed by the noble elements of Group VIII of the periodic table, a silica-alumina-based non-zeolitic support obtained from wherein the non-zeolitic silica-alumina based support was obtained from a process comprising starting from a mixture of a partially soluble alumina compound in an acid medium with a totally soluble silica compound or with a totally soluble combination of alumina and hydrated silica, the resultant moldable mixture is concentrated to form a moldable mixture, the resultant mixture is molded and the resultant molded article is subjected to a hydrothermal or thermal treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed are a process and an installation for treatment of a heavy petroleum feedstock, of which at least 80% by weight has a boiling point of greater than 340° C., wherein the process includes (a) hydroconversion in a boiling-bed reactor operating with a rising flow of liquid producing a hydroconversion effluent; (b) separation of hydroconversion effluent into a gas containing hydrogen and H2S, a fraction comprising gas oil, and a naphtha fraction; c) hydrotreatment, by contact with at least one catalyst, of at least said fraction comprising gas oil, producing a hydrotreatment effluent; and d) separation of hydrotreatment effluent into a gas containing hydrogen and at least one gas oil fraction having a sulfur content of less than 50 ppm, wherein the hydrogen supply for the hydroconversion and hydrotreatment is delivered by a single compression system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for conversion of a gasoline-range hydrocarbon feed into a gasoline fraction with a higher octane rating than that of the feedstream, and a gasoil fraction with a cetane number higher than 45, including the following steps: a) a membrane separation step (B) applied to the hydrocarbon feed under conditions enabling selective separation of the majority of the linear olefins present in said feed and constituting the ? fraction, the fraction containing the majority of the branched olefins, termed the ? fraction, constituting a gasoline with a high octane rating, greater than that of the feed; b) an oligomerisation step (C) applied to the linear olefins (? fraction) contained in the effluent stream from the membrane separation step (B) under moderate oligomerisation conditions; c) a distillation separation step (D) applied to the effluent stream arising from the oligomerisation step in at least two fractions; d) a hydrogenation step (E) applied to one of the fractions obtained at

Abstract: A method for constructing a model representative of a heterogeneous medium from data expressed in different time scales with application to hydrocarbon characterization. The method first estimates sequentially, from the data expressed in each different time scale, parameters or physical quantities of the model, described for each different time scale. Second, a scale factor allowing conversion of a model described in a time scale into a model described in another time scale is determined. This determination is carried out by minimizing the dissimilarity between a parameter estimated in a time scale and this parameter estimated in the other time scale. Finally, estimation of a single model is performed, by taking simultaneously an account of the data expressed in the various time scales, and using the scale factor found previously for the time scale conversions.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising at least one porous support, at least some platinum, and at least a second group VIII metal which is different from platinum and iridium, said catalyst having been prepared in accordance with a process comprising a) impregnation of the support with at least one solution containing a platinum precursor, b) activation in a neutral or oxidizing atmosphere, at a temperature of between 120 and 800° C., c) activation in a reducing medium, at a temperature of between 0 and 800° C., d1) impregnation with an aqueous solution and d2) treatment with at least one hydrogen donor compound, at a temperature of less than 200° C., e) the impregnation of the support, which has already been impregnated with the platinum, with at least one solution containing a precursor of said second group VIII metal, and f) activation in a neutral, reducing, or oxidizing atmosphere, at a temperature of between 100 and 800° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regenerating a particle filter (10) integrated into an exhaust line (12) of an internal combustion engine (34), wherein the exhaust gas flows into the filter via an inflow surface (16) and exit the filter via an outflow surface (18). According to the invention, the internal temperature of at least two regions of the filter (10) is monitored during regeneration of the filter; the oxygen content of the exhaust gas is reduced if at least one of the monitored temperatures rises above a critical temperature; the oxygen content of the exhaust gas is increased in order to continue regeneration if all of the monitored temperatures are below said critical temperature.

Abstract: An improved catalytic composition for oligomerization, in particular dimerization, of monoolefins comprises the product resulting from bringing the following three constituents into contact in any order: a) at least one divalent nickel compound; b) at least one hydrocarbylaluminium dihalide, optionally enriched with an aluminum trihalide; and c) at least one organic Bronsted acid; the catalytic composition being pre-conditioned in a solvent before using it for oligomerization.

Abstract: Described is a process for the preparation of a crystallised lamellar solid formed by magadiite consisting of implementing in a step (i) mixing of at least one silica source, at least one salt of N,N,N?,N?-tetramethyl-N,N?-dibenzyloctanediammonium, at least one alkali and/or alkaline earth metal M and water and then implementing in a step (ii) hydrothermal treatment of said mixture until said crystallised lamellar solid constituted by magadiite is formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method having applications for oil exploration and CO2 storage of determining the three-dimensional distribution of the absolute permeability of a heterogeneous sample. The method includes: determining a 3D porosity map of the sample; carrying out a viscous miscible displacement experiment during which the evolution of the differential pressure on either side of the sample is determined; from this evolution, determining a 1D absolute permeability profile along the sample and constructing a first 3D permeability map from the 3D porosity map; estimating a simulated differential pressure by simulating numerically a viscous miscible test from the first permeability map and from the 1D permeability profile; determining the three-dimensional distribution of the absolute permeability of the sample by modifying at least once the first permeability map so as to minimize the difference between the simulated differential pressure and the differential pressure measured over the course of time.

Abstract: This invention relates to a staged-zone reactor of the axial-flow type that makes it possible to implement strongly endothermic or exothermic reactions. The reactor comprises a constriction of the catalytic bed between an upper zone (3a) and a lower zone (3b), making it possible to house in the reactor a heat exchanger for the intermediate heating or cooling of the effluents. Process of chemical conversion using this reactor for exothermic or endothermic reactions in the gas and/or liquid phase, and in particular for the oligomerization reaction of C2 to C12 fractions for the purpose of producing a diesel fraction.

Abstract: For producing synthesis gas, SG, from a hydrocarbon feed and optionally from recycled compounds, F, a first feed F1 supplemented with steam undergoes steam reforming in a multi-tube reactor-exchanger R comprising a plurality of reaction tubes (38) containing a steam reforming catalyst and a shell containing said tubes, to produce a first synthesis gas SG1; reaction tubes (38) are heated principally by convection by circulating a fluid HF in the shell external to said tubes, in which HF is a staged partial oxidation stream with oxygen of a second feed F2 at a pressure in the range 0.5 to 12 MPa, to produce a second synthesis gas SG2; and the synthesis gas SG is produced by mixing SG1 and SG2.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing a solution formed by at least one cobalt and/or nickel salt of at least one heteropolyanion combining molybdenum and cobalt or molybdenum and nickel in its structure, said process comprising: a) mixing at least one source of molybdenum and at least one oxidizing compound in aqueous solution to synthesize peroxomolybdate ions at an acidic pH, the (oxidizing compound/molybdenum source) mole ratio being in the range 0.1 to 20; b) introducing at least one cobalt precursor and/or at least one nickel precursor into the solution from step a) to form a solution comprising at least said salt in which the (Co+Ni)/Mo mole ratio is in the range 0.25 to 0.85.

Abstract: The invention concerns an internal combustion engine, in particular with direct injection comprising at least one cylinder (10), one piston (30) sliding in said cylinder, a combustion chamber (26) delimited on one side by the upper side of the piston including a concave trough (32) wherein is arranged a dog point (34) with apex angle (a2) and a fuel injector (22) for injecting fuel at a spray angle (a1) not greater than 2 Arctg CD/2f where CD is the diameter of the cylinder (10) and F the distance between the point of origin of the fuel jets derived from the injector and the position of the piston (30) corresponding to a crankshaft angle of 50° relative to the upper dead center. The invention is characterized in that the apex angle (a2) of the dog point is greater than the spray angle (a1) by an angle ranging between 30° and 60°.

Abstract: A process is described in which an unsaturated fat is reacted with ethylene in a metathesis reaction in the presence of at least one non-aqueous ionic liquid to produce both an olefinic fraction and a composition of monoalcohol or polyol esters. Particular application to an oleic sunflower seed oil, an oleic rapeseed oil or to a mixture of monoalcohol esters of said oils, the process producing both an olefinic fraction and a monoalcohol or glycerol esters composition generally having more than half of its chains constituted by unsaturated C10 chains.

Abstract: The invention concerns an improved hydrocracking process with a recycle having a step for eliminating polyaromatic compounds from at least a portion of the recycled fraction by adsorption on a particular adsorbent based on alumina-silica with a controlled macropore content.

Abstract: Process and device for regeneration of a used absorbent from a desulfurization zone or from the desulfurization of a gas containing sulfur oxides, comprising regeneration simultaneously with filtering of the absorbent, in a reducing atmosphere, wherein partial combustion of a regeneration gas is also carried out upstream from regeneration, the products of the partial combustion being mixed with the used absorbent prior to the regeneration-filtration stage. The absorbent may be, e.g., solid absorbents based on magnesium oxide. The regeneration gas may be hydrogen sulfide and/or a hydrocarbon. For example, H2S can be partially combusted and the products of the partial combustion, including H2S, H2, SO2 and sulfur, mixed with the used absorbent prior to the regeneration-filtration stage.

Abstract: A process and the use of a process for desulphurizing a hydrocarbon feed is described which comprises at least one of the following steps: A a step for selective hydrogenation of diolefins present in said initial hydrocarbon feed, in the presence of a catalyst comprising a metal from group VIII of the periodic table on an inert support based on metal oxides, in the presence of a quantity of hydrogen which is in excess with respect to the stoichiometric value necessary for hydrogenating all of said diolefins, the mole ratio between the hydrogen and the diolefins being in the range 1 to 5; b) Extraction, using an appropriate solvent, of said hydrogenated fraction to obtain at least two cuts including: a raffinate comprising the majority of the olefins, paraffins and naphthenes and a reduced quantity of sulphur-containing compounds contained in the initial feed; a heavy fraction containing the heavy aromatic hydrocarbons and the majority of the sulphur-containing compounds contained in the initial feed; C