Abstract: The present invention provides crude enzyme extracts, cocktails and compositions from Alkanivorax borkumensis and methods for the enzymatic treatment and bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon polluted ecosystems.

Abstract: A method of generating a negative capacitance in a capacitor device is provided. The method comprises providing the capacitor device. The capacitor device comprises an active layer of vanadium dioxide (VO2) and two electrodes connected thereto. The active layer is excitable between its semiconducting state and its metallic state. The method comprises exciting the active layer with an excitation source, thereby bringing the active layer from the semiconducting state to the metallic state and generating the negative capacitance between the two electrodes. Systems for generating a negative capacitance are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to infectious clones of parvovirus B19, methods of cloning infectious B19 clones, and methods of cloning viral genomes that have secondary DNA structures that are unstable in bacterial cells. A B19 infectious clone and methods of producing B19 infectious clones are useful for producing infectious virus. Infectious virus is useful for identifying and developing therapeutically effective compositions for treatment and/or prevention of human parvovirus B19 infections.