Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of preventing or treating an infectious disease in a subject, comprising the step of administering to the subject an antagonist or expression inhibitor for a natural killer (NK) cell immune checkpoint molecule. The present disclosure also relates to the use of an antagonist or expression inhibitor for an NK cell immune checkpoint molecular and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same in the treatment of infectious diseases.

Abstract: The application generally relates to olfaction as a biomarker, more particularly as a prognostic biomarker or biological predictor, of neurosensory disease or disorder and/or of neurocognitive disease or disorder, in subjects whose nervous system has been infected by an infectious agent, such as by a neurotropic virus, bacterium, protozoan parasite, fungus or prion, more particularly by a neurotropic virus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of predicting therapeutic responses to TNF blockers before anti-TNF therapy comprising analyzing immune parameters to selected stimuli in patients before therapy and its use for anti-TNF therapy. The invention relates also to a method of determining a predictive biomarker of response to anti-TNF therapy and to the use of the predictive biomarker obtained by the method.

Abstract: The application relates to means for diagnosing, predicting or monitoring Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). The means of the application are also suitable for determining or predicting the efficacy of a drug or treatment against PCP in a human patient. The means of involve the detection and/or quantification, more particularly the quantification, of the RNA transcripts of two different P. jirovecii mitochondrial genes. The first of said two P. jirovecii mitochondrial genes is the P. jirovecii gene, the sequence of which codes for the Cytb protein or the P. jirovecii mitochondrial Small Sub-Unit (mtSSU) gene. The second of said two P. jirovecii mitochondrial genes is a P. jirovecii gene, the sequence of which transcribes into a P. jirovecii ribosomal RNA, e.g., be the mitochondrial P. jirovecii Large Sub-Unit (mtLSU) gene.

Abstract: The success of anti-tumor immune responses requires effector T cells to infiltrate solid tumors, a process guided by chemokines. Herein, we demonstrate that in vivo post-translational processing of chemokines by dipeptidylpeptidase 4 (DPP4, also known as CD26) limits lymphocyte migration to sites of inflammation and tumors. Inhibition of DPP4 enzymatic activity enhanced tumor rejection by preserving biologically active CXCL10, and increasing trafficking into the tumor by lymphocytes expressing the counter-receptor CXCR3. Furthermore, DPP4 inhibition improved adjuvant-based immunotherapy, adoptive T cell transfer and checkpoint blockade. These findings provide the first direct in vivo evidence for controlling lymphocyte trafficking through CXCL10 cleavage and support the use of DPP4 inhibitors for stabilizing the biologically active form of chemokines as a strategy to enhance tumor immunotherapy.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a Zika virus (ZIKV) chimeric polyepitope comprising non-structural proteins and its use in an immunogenic composition. The present invention provides means, in particular polynucleotides, vectors and cells expressing said chimeric polyepitope. The present invention also relates to a composition or a vaccine comprising at least one of said polyepitope, polynucleotide, vector or host cell for use in the prevention of a ZIKV infection in a human subject, or for use in the prevention of ZIKV and dengue vims (DENV) infections in a human subject.

Abstract: Provided is a method for activating CD4+ T cells using a polymer-based antigen complex. The method comprises the steps of bringing the polymer-based antigen complex into contact with B cells so that B cells process and present the antigen complex, and of bringing the B cells into contact with CD4+ T cells to activate CD4+ T cells. Also provided are a method for promoting the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Tfh cells and Thl cells using the antigen complex, and a method for treating diseases by activating CD4+ T cells and/or promoting the differentiation of CD4+ T cells.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for in vitro investigating mitochondrial replication dysfunction in a biological sample removed from a subject susceptible of suffering from physiological ageing or physiopathological conditions related to physiological ageing, or physiopathological ageing or associated symptoms or conditions, in particular premature ageing or accelerated ageing, or of a progeroid syndrome, such as Cockayne syndrome (CS), or neurodegenerative disorders or symptoms thereof, in which the levels of at least one species selected in the group of: POLG1 protein, POLG1 RNA, POLG2 protein, protease(s) which have POLG as a target, in particular serine protease(s) such as HTRA3 protein, HTRA2 protein and, HTRA3 RNA or HTRA2 RNA, or any combination of these species, are investigated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to small molecule compounds having the general formula (I): wherein A is a moiety selected from the group consisting of formulae (A) to (K) and their use in the treatment of bacterial infections, in particular Tuberculosis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of predicting therapeutic responses to TNF blockers before anti-TNF therapy comprising analyzing immune parameters to selected stimuli in patients before therapy and its use for anti-TNF therapy. The invention relates also to a method of determining a predictive biomarker of response to anti-TNF therapy and to the use of the predictive biomarker obtained by the method.

Abstract: Within the scope of the present invention is a new pharmacological strategy for the treatment of tumors based on anti-tumoral immune responses.

Abstract: The invention relates to the diagnosis of a SARS-associated coronavirus, such as a SARS CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV infection, using the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins and antibodies binding to these proteins. The invention encompasses reagents, methods and kits for the detection of a SARS-associated coronavirus.

Abstract: The application relates to means for diagnosing, predicting or monitoring Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). The means of the application are also suitable for determining or predicting the efficacy of a drug or treatment against PCP in a human patient. The means of involve the detection and/or quantification, more particularly the quantification, of the RNA transcripts of two different P. jirovecii mitochondrial genes. The first of said two P. jirovecii mitochondrial genes is the P. jirovecii gene, the sequence of which codes for the Cytb protein or the P. jirovecii mitochondrial Small Sub-Unit (mtSSU) gene. The second of said two P. jirovecii mitochondrial genes is a P. jirovecii gene, the sequence of which transcribes into a P. jirovecii ribosomal RNA, e.g., be the mitochondrial P. jirovecii Large Sub-Unit (mtLSU) gene.

Abstract: The invention concerns stapled peptide inhibitors of NEMO which inhibit the Nuclear Factor ?B (NF-?B) signaling pathway and are useful as medicine candidates, in particular as anti-inflammatory or anticancer drugs.

Abstract: The success of anti-tumor immune responses requires effector T cells to infiltrate solid tumors, a process guided by chemokines. Herein, we demonstrate that in vivo post-translational processing of chemokines by dipeptidylpeptidase 4 (DPP4, also known as CD26) limits lymphocyte migration to sites of inflammation and tumors. Inhibition of DPP4 enzymatic activity enhanced tumor rejection by preserving biologically active CXCL10, and increasing trafficking into the tumor by lymphocytes expressing the counter-receptor CXCR3. Furthermore, DPP4 inhibition improved adjuvant-based immunotherapy, adoptive T cell transfer and checkpoint blockade. These findings provide the first direct in vivo evidence for controlling lymphocyte trafficking through CXCL10 cleavage and support the use of DPP4 inhibitors for stabilizing the biologically active form of chemokines as a strategy to enhance tumor immunotherapy.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and kits for diagnosing a postoperative pulmonary infection in a patient who underwent surgery. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing a postoperative pulmonary infection in a patient who underwent surgery, comprising a step consisting of measuring the concentration of endocan in a blood sample obtained from said patient, at a time point comprised between 3 h and 30 h after surgery.

Abstract: The present invention relates to variants of Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT), each of which (i) has an amino acid sequence similarity to SEQ ID NO: 2. 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 33 or 35 with corresponding amino acid substitutions, (ii) is capable of synthesizing a nucleic acid fragment without a template and (iii) is capable of incorporating a modified nucleotide into the nucleic acid fragment.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising: (i) at least one bacteriophage strain(s) capable of producing a lytic infection in an adherent-invasive Escherichia coli strain; and (ii) a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier; for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The subject invention further provides a method of treating inflammatory bowel disease comprising administering to a subject in need thereof at least one bacteriophage strain capable of producing a lytic infection in an adherent-invasive Escherichia coli strain thereby treating the subject. The subject invention also provides new bacteriophage strains.

Abstract: A Dengue virus Envelope Dimer Epitope (EDE) wherein the EDE: c) spans the polypeptides of a Dengue virus Envelope polypeptide dimer; and/or d) is presented on a dimer of Envelope proteins; and/or c) is formed from consecutive or non-consecutive residues of the envelope polypeptide dimer, wherein the dimer is a homodimer or heterodimer of native and/or mutant envelope polypeptides, from any one or two of DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vector, preferably included in a delivery vehicle, comprising no more than 100, preferably no more than 10, restriction sites recognized by the restriction enzymes encoded by each bacterium of a group of bacteria of interest. The invention also relates to the use of said vector, preferably included in a delivery vehicle, as a drug, especially in the treatment of a disease in a patient in need thereof.