Abstract: A method comprises repeatedly magnetizing a test article by a pulsed axially symmetric magnetic field normal to the surface of the test article, and reading the gradient of a residual field. Magnetizing the article is effected by two trains of pulses in two steps: first until a first instant of discontinuance in the growth of the gradient of a remanent magnetic field and then until a second instant of discontinuance, the pulse amplitude of the second pulse train being lower than a maximum amplitude of the second pulse train.An apparatus to carry out the proposed method comprises a pulse shaper 1 for forming pulses of an axially symmetric magnetic field and a measuring circuit for measuring the gradient of a remanent field normal component. According to the invention said apparatus is further provided with a working storage 4, a comparison circuit 5 and a pulse amplitude measuring device 2 for measuring pulse amplitude at the output of the pulse shaper 1.

Abstract: A method comprises magnetizing a portion of the test piece by a pulsed magnetic field and forming as a result of said magnetizing two regions of remanent magnetization, which are magnetized to saturation in opposite directions, determining the magnitude of the remanent induction, which magnitude is used to judge the mechanical properties of the test piece. The magnitude of the remanent induction is determined by converting its gradient along the magnetized portion to an electrical signal, selecting from said signal a one-polarity pulse indicative of the change in the remanent induction between said regions, and integrating said selected pulse. A device comprises a pulse generator 1, magnetizing coils 2 connected to said generator in antiparallel relationship and arranged along the test piece, a transducer 4 for converting a gradient to an electrical signal, a measuring circuit including a key 5 and an integrator 6.