Abstract: The invention relates to a high-impact-toughness steel rail and a production method thereof, and belongs to the field of steel rail material production. The present invention is to provide a high-impact-toughness steel rail. The high-impact-toughness steel rail provided in the present invention is a pearlite steel rail with 0.05˜0.09 ?m of inter-lamellar spacing and 30˜35 J of ballistic work at normal temperature; the chemical components of the steel rail in weight percentage are: C: 0.71-0.82 wt %, Si: 0.25-0.45 wt %, Mn: 0.75-1.05 wt %, V: 0.03-0.15 wt %, P: ?0.030 wt %, S: ?0.035 wt %, Al: ?0.020 wt %, and Fe and inevitable impurities of the remaining content. The U-type impact toughness of rail head of the steel rail manufactured with the method disclosed in the present invention can be 30 J or more, and the tensile strength is about 1,300 MPa or higher.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a memory system and a method for controlling the same, and more particularly, to a memory system for efficiently processing data and a method for controlling the same. To this end, provided are a method for controlling a memory system, including: dividing, respectively, at least one page in the memory into a plurality of subpages, the page being an aggregate of memory cells corresponding to the same logical address in the memory and the respective subpages having a predetermined size; writing, in response to a writing request of data, the data in a first subpage in the page; and writing the data in a second subpage of the page in response to an update request for the data, the update request being a rewriting request after an initial writing request for the corresponding data and a memory system using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing a signal, which are used for effectively reproducing an audio signal, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for processing a signal, which are used for implementing binaural rendering for reproducing multi-channel or multi-object audio signals in stereo with a low calculation amount.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta- or alpha-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved so as to release the microspheres from the polymer matrix. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding or minimizing undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: An objective of the present invention is to provide a method for reducing surface free energy of an organic solvent and of a mixed solution of water and a water-miscible organic solvent, a composition which has a reduced surface free energy of an organic solvent and of a mixed solution of water and a water-miscible organic solvent and which has high environmental suitability and safety to a living body, and a wet wiper and an antiseptic solution which contains the composition The method for reducing surface free energy of an organic solvent or a mixed solvent of water and a water-miscible solvent according to the present invention is characterized in comprising the step of adding surfactin or a salt thereof to the organic solvent or mixed solvent.

Abstract: A device (10) for a current limiter is described, the device (10) comprising: at least one coil assembly (12) adapted to carry a current, the coil assembly (12) comprising: a first coil (14), comprising a first superconducting element, adapted to carry a first portion of said current, and a second coil (16), comprising a second superconducting element, adapted to carry a second portion of said current, wherein said first and second coils (14, 16) are arranged such that, when said first and second superconducting elements are each in a superconducting state and said coil assembly (.12) carries said current, a magnetic field generated by said first portion of said current in said first coil (14) is substantially cancelled by a magnetic field generated by said second portion of said current in said second coil (16); and wherein said device is adapted such that, in use, the first superconducting element carries a higher proportion of said current than the second superconducting element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aluminum-magnesium coated steel plate using vacuum coating, wherein an aluminum-magnesium coating layer is constituted by 1 to 45 wt % of magnesium, a balance of aluminum, and other inevitable impurities, and an Al3Mg2 alloy phase is formed in the aluminum-magnesium coating layer by performing heat treatment of the steel plate.

Abstract: A printing plate, its preparation method, and a printing method. The printing plate comprises a substrate, an ink repulsive layer attaching to the surface of the substrate and a graphic-text layer attaching to partial surface of the ink repulsive layer, the ink repulsive layer comprises fluoropolymer and silicon-containing nano-particle dispersed in the fluoropolymer, the fluoropolymer comprises fluorine-containing structural unit and optional acrylate-based structural unit. The present invention constitutes a graphic-text area which is affinity to water-based printing ink and an area without graphic-text which is repulsion to water-based printing ink on the surface of the planographic printing plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) targeting a mutant Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and methods of using the dsRNA to inhibit expression of mutant EGFR.

Abstract: Systems, processes, and catalysts are disclosed for obtaining fuels and fuel blends containing selected ratios of open-chain and closed-chain fuel-range hydrocarbons suitable for production of alternate fuels including gasolines, jet fuels, and diesel fuels. Fuel-range hydrocarbons may be derived from ethylene-containing feedstocks and ethanol-containing feedstocks.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide materials and methods for the absorption or filtration of various species and analytes. In some cases, the materials may be used to remove or reduce the amount of a substance in vapor sample (e.g., cigarette smoke).

Abstract: A chemical sensor and a system and method for sensing a chemical species. The chemical sensor includes a plurality of nanofibers whose electrical impedance varies upon exposure to the chemical species, a substrate supporting and electrically isolating the fibers, a set of electrodes connected to the plurality of fibers at spatially separated points to permit the electrical impedance of the plurality of fibers to be measured, and a membrane encasing the fibers and having a thickness ranging from 50 ?m to 5.0 mm. The system includes the chemical sensor, an impedance measuring device coupled to the electrodes and configured to determine an electrical impedance of the plurality of fibers, and an analyzer configured to identify the chemical species based on a change in the electrical impedance.

Abstract: Systems, processes, and catalysts are disclosed for obtaining fuel and fuel blends containing selected ratios of open-chain and closed-chain fuel-range hydrocarbons suitable for production of alternate fuels including gasolines, jet fuels, and diesel fuels. Fuel-range hydrocarbons may be derived from ethylene-containing feedstocks and ethanol-containing feedstocks.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel luminescent compositions of matter containing a fluorophore, synthetic methods for making the compositions, macromolecular conjugates of the compositions, and the use of the compositions in various methods of detection. The invention also provides kits containing the compositions and their conjugates for use in the methods of detection.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an image encoding/decoding method comprises the steps of: performing an intra prediction on a current block so as to generate a prediction block; performing filtering on a filtering target pixel in the prediction block on the basis of the intra prediction mode of the current block so as to generate a final prediction block; and generating a reconstructed block on the basis of a reconstructed differential block corresponding to the current block and on the final prediction block. According to the present invention, image encoding/decoding efficiency can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a rapid diagnosis method of citrus huanglongbing. In the present invention, the accuracy of diagnosis of citrus huanglongbing is significantly improved in the following manners: eliminating the interference of residual starch by effectively removing the residual starch contained in the leaf; eliminating the interference of chlorophyll by effectively removing chlorophyll; and directly developing the color on the leaf rather than mixing and grinding the leaf in water, so as to avoid the problem that the accuracy of color development reaction conducted by mixing the leaf with water is liable to be interfered since the starch is insoluble in water. Therefore a rapid diagnosis of the citrus huanglongbing with much higher accuracy is achieved, which provides effective detection means for the control of the citrus huanglongbing and is beneficial for the control of the citrus huanglongbing.

Abstract: A planographic printing system and method. The planographic printing system comprises an ink supply device, a planographic printing plate and a printing stock, the planographic printing plate gains ink from the ink supply device, so as to transfer graphic-text information from the planographic printing plate to surface of the printing stock, the planographic printing plate comprises a substrate, an ink repulsive layer attaching to the surface of the substrate and a graphic-text layer attaching to partial surface of the ink repulsive layer, the ink repulsive layer comprises fluoropolymer and silicon-containing nano-particle dispersed in the fluoropolymer, the fluoropolymer comprises fluorine-containing structural unit and optional acrylate-based structural unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-strength, highly wear-resistant, and highly contact-fatigue-resistant steel rail and a production method thereof, and belongs to the field of black steel manufacturing technology. The present invention provides a high-strength and highly fatigue-resistant steel rail, comprising the following chemical components by weight percentage: C: 0.76%˜0.86%; Si: 0.6%˜1%; Mn: 0.7%˜1.5%, Cr: 0.1%˜0.5%, and 0.8%?Mn %+Cr %?1.6%; V: 0.05%˜0.3%, Ni: 0.1%˜0.35%, and 0.15%?V %+Ni %?0.4%; Mo: ?0.03%; P: ?0.02%; S: ?0.015%; Fe and inevitable impurities: the remaining content, wherein, the metallurgical structure of the steel rail is fine pearlite+A, where, A is proeutectoid ferrite or proeutectoid cementite, and A?2%. The tensile strength of the obtained steel rail is 1,260 MPa˜1,420 MPa.

Abstract: This invention relates to a plant E3 ubiquitin ligase (termed DA2) which acts synergistically with DA1 to control seed and organ size. Methods of increasing plant yield are provided that comprise reducing the expression or activity of DA2 in a plant that is deficient in DA1 expression or activity. Plants with increased yield and methods of producing such plants are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for depositing materials on patterned substrates, and related devices, are generally provided. In some embodiments, a material is deposited on a patterned substrate. In certain embodiments, the substrate comprises a first portion with a material deposited on the first portion and a second portion of the substrate essentially free of the material. The methods described herein may be useful in fabricating sensors, circuits, tags, among other devices. In some cases, devices for determining analytes are also provided.