Abstract: Routing apparatus and method for detecting a server attack are disclosed. The routing apparatus includes: a reception unit configured to receive a packet transmitted in a network; a transmission unit configured to transmit the packet along a transmission path; a memory unit configured to store data and/or information required for an operation; and a controller configured to set the transmission path of the packet in the network and perform packet switching along the set transmission path, wherein the reception unit receives server state information from servers at every certain time, the memory unit stores the received server state information, and the controller calculates a change in the state of the servers based on the received server state information, and determines that a server is attacked when a change in the state of the server is greater than a certain threshold value.

Abstract: A conventional handover method is performed in units of base stations, so that there is a problem in that a large amount of power for handover is consumed and implementation cost is high. Through dedicated protocol message exchanges between a user equipment and a network or between networks, resource availability of candidate networks is checked in advance, a handover target network is selected from among the candidate networks according to a result of checking, and the selected target network is designated as a network to which the user equipment is handed over.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device is disclosed. The method may comprise: forming a gate stack on a substrate; depositing a first dielectric layer and a second dielectric layer sequentially on the substrate and the gate stack; and etching the second dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer sequentially with an etching gas containing helium to form a second spacer and a first spacer, respectively. According to the method disclosed herein, a dual-layer complex spacer configuration is achieved, and two etching operations where the etching gas comprises the helium gas are performed. As a result, it is possible to reduce damages to the substrate and also to reduce the process complexity. Further, it is possible to optimize a threshold voltage, effectively reduce an EOT, and enhance a gate control capability and a driving current.

Abstract: A communication apparatus for a continuous phase modulation signal. The communication apparatus includes a first processing unit configured to generate first information of the continuous phase modulation signal using first symbol data; a symbol converting unit configured to convert the first symbol data into second symbol data or convert the second symbol data into the first symbol data; a symbol storage unit configured to store the second symbol data; a second processing unit configured to second information of the continuous phase modulation signal using the second symbol data stored in the symbol storage unit; a third processing unit configured to generate third information of the continuous phase modulation signal using a modulo operation of an integer related to a modulation index; and an output unit configured to add an output from the third processing unit and an output from the first processing unit and generate the continuous phase modulation signal.

Abstract: To provide a sulfur-system positive electrode for lithium-ion battery, sulfur-system positive electrode which is good in the cyclability and the other characteristics, and a lithium-ion secondary battery including that positive electrode. In a positive electrode for lithium-ion secondary battery, the positive electrode having: a current collector; and an electrode layer that is formed on a surface of the current collector, and which includes a binder resin, an active material and a conductive additive, the positive electrode is characterized in that the active material includes a sulfur-modified polyacrylonitrile that is produced by heating a raw-material powder including a sulfur powder and a polyacrylonitrile powder in an enclosed nonoxidizing atmosphere; and the binder resin includes a polyimide resin and/or a polyamide-imide resin.

Abstract: Microscopy techniques in which a rear pupil of an optical system is segmented and the segments are individually controlled with a wavefront modulating device to control the direction and phase of individual beamlets of an excitation or emission beam in the optical system, thereby providing an adaptive optics correction to sample and system induced aberrations.

Abstract: Provided is a fabrication method for a functional surface that has self-cleaning ability and superhydrophilic anti-reflective property, which includes a) arranging a plurality of beads having a sphere shape on a surface of a transparent substrate; b) forming a predetermined inter-bead gap by etching the plurality of beads; c) forming a surface unevenness on the surface of the substrate by etching the substrate using the plurality of the beads having the predetermined gap as an etching mask; d) removing the plurality of the beads from the surface of the substrate; and e) forming a photocatalytic layer or a compound layer having a surface tension of 18 to 28 N/m on the surface of the substrate formed with the surface unevenness.

Abstract: A method for decreasing resistivity of an electrolyte for an electric double-layer capacitor is provided. In this method, an aqueous electrolyte solution comprising LiNO3 and LiOH in a molar ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 is prepared first, and then purged with nitrogen or oxygen. An electric double-layer capacitor having the gas-purging aqueous electrolyte solution above is also provided.

Abstract: When a user enters an indoor space, such as a building, where it is difficult to obtain absolute positioning information, probable indoor path information is estimated based on outer appearance information of the building that the user is presumed to have entered and the moving distance and moving direction of the user. Also, location information calculated according to an estimated navigation method is selectively corrected by using the estimated indoor path information.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure and a method for manufacturing the same are disclosed. The method comprises: disposing a first dielectric material layer on a first semiconductor layer and defining openings in the first dielectric material layer; epitaxially growing a second semiconductor layer on the first semiconductor layer via the openings defined in the first dielectric material layer, wherein the second semiconductor layer and the first semiconductor layer comprise different materials from each other; and forming plugs of a second dielectric material in the second semiconductor layer at positions where the openings are defined in the first dielectric material layer and also at middle positions between adjacent openings. According to embodiments of the disclosure, defects occurring during the heteroepitaxial growth can be effectively suppressed.

Abstract: Method and device for generating a multi-viewpoint image are provided. The method of generating a multi-viewpoint image includes the steps of: acquiring at least one reference-viewpoint image; generating unit image information of a virtual-viewpoint image on the basis of unit image information of the reference-viewpoint image; multiplexing the unit image information of the reference-viewpoint image and the unit image information of the virtual-viewpoint image; and generating a multi-viewpoint image by performing an interpolation process on occluded areas between the multiplexed unit image information using the multiplexed unit image information. As a result, it is possible to avoid unnecessary processes of completing and rearranging individual viewpoint images in the course of generating a multi-viewpoint image.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and a system for diagnosing lymphoma in cats. The system allows a care giver to measure the enzymatic activity of thymidine kinase in a blood sample. The invention teaches that when the enzymatic activity of thymidine kinase in the blood stream of a cat is above 15.5 Units per liter, the cat has a high probability of having lymphoma. The invention allows for initial diagnosis, follow up after treatment for lymphoma and/or monitoring for example in breeds that prone to have lymphoma.

Abstract: Provided is a Mg alloy, in which precipitated particles are dispersed and which has enhanced tensile strength regardless of the size of the magnesium matrix grains therein.

Abstract: A pressurized water nuclear reactor (PWNR) includes a core having a containment shield surrounding a reactor vessel having fuel assemblies that contain fuel rods filled with fuel pellets, and control rods, and a steam generator thermally coupled to the reactor vessel. A flow loop includes the steam generator, a turbine, and a condenser, and a pump for circulating a water-based heat transfer fluid in the loop. The heat transfer fluid includes a plurality of nanoparticles having at least one carbon allotrope or related carbon material dispersed therein, such as diamond nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of modifying at least one carbohydrate in a tissue of a plant is described. The method is typically applied to a sugarcane plant of the genus Saccharum method and includes the steps of inserting into a plant cell a gene silencing cassette which includes nucleic acid operably linked to transcription elements such as a monocotyledonous promoter for transcribing the nucleic acid in a plant cell, wherein transcription of the nucleic acid decreases activity of UMP synthase. The method further includes the steps of regenerating a transgenic plant from the plant cell and producing the tissue with increased carbohydrate content. Vectors for use therefor, as well as a transformed plant cell and a transgenic plant or plant part containing or derived from a transformed plant cell are also described.

Abstract: A compressor is provided. The compressor includes a housing, a valve plate, a cylinder block, piston units, a cam element, a driving shaft and a motor. The valve plate is fixed to one end of the housing. The cylinder block is rotatable relative to the valve plate and has cylinder bores disposed in a circumferential direction. A portion of the cylinder block is received in the valve plate. The piston units are disposed the cylinder bores. The cam element is fixed to the housing and is in contact with one end of the piston unit. The cam element has an inclined cam surface. One end of the driving shaft is coupled to the cylinder block. The motor is fixed to an opposite end of the housing, while a rotating shaft is coupled to an opposite end of the driving shaft.

Abstract: An oil type lubricant for forging, which is featured in that the flash point thereof is confined to the range of 70-170° C., the kinematic viscosity thereof at 40° C. is confined to the range of 4-40 mm2/s and that it contains neither water nor an emulsifier. A forging method and a spray apparatus wherein the above-described oil type lubricant is used.

Abstract: The approaches for fabricating cathodes can be adapted to improve control over cathode composition and to better accommodate batteries of any shape and their assembly. For example, a first solid having an alkali metal halide, a second solid having a transition metal, and a third solid having an alkali metal aluminum halide are combined into a mixture. The mixture can be heated in a vacuum to a temperature that is greater than or equal to the melting point of the third solid. When the third solid is substantially molten liquid, the mixture is compressed into a desired cathode shape and then cooled to solidify the mixture in the desired cathode shape.

Abstract: Method for the preparation of at least one compound with biological properties from blood, where said method is performed in sealed tubes at a pressure below atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing or preventing the bacterial contamination of the compound through handling. The method comprises the repetition, for as many times as is required, of the following steps: connecting a second container that is vacuum-sealed to an extraction device connected in turn to a first container that contains blood separated into fractions, waiting for a period of time until the required fraction(s) is/are transferred, and removing said second container, with it thus being possible to obtain several second containers with different compounds for different medical applications including biological therapies. The steps may be performed in a closed system, without removing the caps of the containers, or alternatively the first container may be opened prior to the introduction of the extraction device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a passivant for hot-dip Al—Zn-coated sheet of which the raw materials include: 2˜6 parts by weight of water soluble molybdate, 4˜12 parts by weight of water soluble manganese salt, 50˜100 parts by weight of basic silica sol and 50˜100 parts by weight of water soluble organic resin. The present invention also provides a method to prepare the passivant for hot-dip Al—Zn-coated sheet including the following steps: adding and dissolving water soluble molybdate and water soluble manganese salt into deionized water; adding basic silica sol into the solution and mixing well; adding water soluble organic resin into the solution and mixing well; regulating the pH value of the solution to 5˜8 by using phosphoric acid. The present invention also provides a hot-dip Al—Zn-coated sheet treated with the present passivant and a method to passivate hot-dip Al—Zn-coated sheet.