Abstract: Apparatuses, systems, and methods are disclosed for providing optical communications. Bragg grating used in the optical components and systems of the present invention are produced by selectively hydrogenating one or more selected sections of an optical waveguide in general, and particularly optical fiber. Selective hydrogenation can be performed by selectively establishing local conditions in a first environment conducive to introducing greater quantities of hydrogen into selected sections than into non-selected sections, which are maintained in a second environment. The extent of selective hydrogenation and the hydrogen concentration difference between selected and non-selected section of the waveguide is a function of the temperature, pressure, and time of exposure established in the first and second environments.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems are disclosed that provide for simultaneously upconverting electrical signals carrying information at electric frequencies onto optical subcarrier lightwave frequencies that are greater and less than the carrier frequency of the lightwave onto which the electrical frequencies were upconverted. The upconversion of the electrical signals can be performed with or without suppression of the optical carrier frequency.

Abstract: There is provided a method for the synergistic control of insects which comprises applying to the locus of a transgenic crop which produces an insect toxin a synergistically effective amount of a recombinant insect virus containing a vector which is highly virulent to said insect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to arylpyrrole particles which are prepared by a process in which the particles are aged and milled, and pesticidal suspension concentrate compositions comprising them. The size of the particles of this invention remains surprisingly stable during storage.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling a temperature of products in a rotating drum employs nozzles to deliver a heat transfer fluid in a more efficient manner. The heat transfer fluid nozzles which are positioned around the interior of the rotating drum deliver the heat transfer fluid to the product in the drum when the nozzles are positioned under the product and prevent delivery of the heat transfer fluid when the nozzles are not under the product. This improves the efficiency of the heat transfer system substantially over known systems in which the heat transfer fluid is delivered continuously and a large portion of the heat transfer fluid is exhausted from the rotating drum before contacting the product. The heat transfer system also provides a self cleaning system for the nozzles which deliver the heat transfer fluid to the drum.

Abstract: An arrangement of enhanced drivability transistors is disclosed herein which includes a plurality of conductor patterns, wherein the conductor patterns include ring-shaped portions which enclose device diffusion contacts and the ring-shaped portions form the gate conductors of insulated gate field effect transistors (IGFETs).