Abstract: A d.c. motor together with a hot gas bypass valve is incorporated into a cooling system specifically designed for removing heat from computer systems. Unlike typical refrigeration systems, the cooling system herein runs continuously and responds to changes in thermal load. This allows the unit to operate within a wide range of ambient conditions and at various thermal load levels unlike other systems which were capable of operation only at a single, predesigned load level. The cooling system is modular and is easily added to or removed from a redundant system which includes a single evaporator with multiple refrigerant loops which provides yet another aspect of continuous operation due to the inherent redundancy thus provided.

Abstract: An object model-based visual builder is provided which includes proxy objects at build time, each corresponding to a target object at runtime. Each such proxy object has associated therewith several items of information, including the class of the target object corresponding to the proxy object, presentation information, properties and how they are mapped to IDL attributes and operations, events available on the target object, and operations supported by the target object. A portion of such information is stored in an Interface Repository, such as the System Object Model (SOM) Interface Repository, in easily changeable form, with the necessary knowledge for retrieving such information from the Interface Repository being contained in the proxy object itself. The information stored in the Interface Repository may be changed without altering or recompiling the source code which implements the proxy object itself.

Abstract: A method and system are disclosed in a network application for decreasing performance degradation by preventing inadvertent launching of multiple copies of identical network applications. Initially, a remote application is launched from a server to a client in response to a user input event. Next, it is determined if a remote application identical to the remote application has already been launched. If the remote application has already been launched, an elapsed time since the identical remote application was initially launched is determined. Thereafter, the launching of the network application is terminated if the elapsed time is less than a preset value. Alternatively, if the elapsed time is greater than the preset value, the network application is launched. Additionally, if the elapsed time is greater than the preset value, a weighted value of applications running with the client is determined. Thereafter, the network application is launched if the weighted value is small.

Abstract: Access to the Internet is provided using a plurality of bookmark sets. A plurality of bookmark sets are stored in a computer system having a browser, each bookmark set including a respective set of Uniform Resource Locators (URLs). One of the bookmark sets is designated as an active bookmark set in the browser. Browser based access to the Internet is allowed according to the URLs in the active bookmark set. When a request to retrieve an Internet file from a designated URL is detected, e.g., by hyperlink, the designated URL is checked against the URLs in the active bookmark set. Only if there is a match between the designated URL and a respective URL in the active bookmark set is the request allowed to proceed. The creation of as well as other actions on a bookmark set is associated with one or more passwords.

Abstract: A server in a client/server computing system where a distributed transaction is being carried out, has: a server resource having local data associated therewith; a software element for receiving a registration request from the server resource requesting that the server resource be registered in a transaction, after the server resource has received the transaction context in the explicit transaction propagation mode; and a software element for creating a distributed transaction object representing the transaction in response to receipt of the registration request, the distributed transaction object persisting until the transaction is completed.

Abstract: A chip carrier for wire bond-type chips is disclosed. This chip carrier employs organic dielectric materials, rather than ceramic materials, as is conventional. This chip carrier also employs at least one organic, photoimageable dielectric layer, having plated photo-vias, to electrically interconnect two (or more) layers of fan-out circuitry. This chip carrier further employs a single-tiered cavity to contain a chip, rather than a multi-tiered cavity, as is conventional. Moreover, this chip carrier includes thermal via holes and/or a metallic layer, directly beneath the chip, to enhance heat dissipation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chemically amplified resists and resist systems wherein some of the polar functional groups of the aqueous base soluble polymer or copolymers are protected with a cyclic aliphatic ketal protecting group such as methoxycyclohexanyl. The resists and the resist systems of the present invention containing the new protecting group have improved shelf-life and vacuum stability as compared to the prior art resists. Thus, the resists of the present invention are highly useful in e-beam lithographic applications.

Abstract: Disclosed are an automated data storage library and a method for operating the library. The library includes two pickers arranged on a common guideway; a plurality of media storage slots arranged in a plurality of regions alongside the guideway; a plurality of read/write stations arranged in regions alongside the guideway. Commands are received for jobs to move media amongst the storage slots and the read/write stations, and a controller queues the received commands and allocates the queued commands to the pickers and in an order of jobs which will allow the pickers to independently access and move the media so as to avoid interference in the same region, or in regions which are behind the other picker. The media storage slots may be arranged in row sets and regions alongside the guideway, each row set including one or more storage slots and each region including one or more columns, with the regions narrower than the pickers.

Abstract: A process for fabricating and releasing a thin-film structure from a primary carrier for further processing. The thin-film structure is built on a metal interconnect disposed on a dielectric layer which, in turn, is deposited on a primary carrier. The thin-film structure and metal interconnect are released from the dielectric layer and primary carrier along a release interface defined between the metal interconnect and the dielectric film. Release is accomplished by disturbing the interface, either by laser ablation or dicing.

Abstract: A device controller is described within a data storage system for pre-fetching device work information from multiple data storage devices, and accumulating the device work information to immediately respond to a subsequent device poll command from a storage controller. The device controller includes a device receiver to receive the device poll command, a device transmitter to transmit a response to the device poll command, a device information register for storing the pre-fetched device work information for each data storage device, and a sequencer for periodically pre-fetching the device work information from each data storage device. The sequencer pre-fetches such information by verifying that no device subsystem command from the storage controller is pending in the device receiver, then issuing a background poll command to a selected device to query the device for its device work information, and storing the device work information in the device information register.

Abstract: Many web applications require access to a relational database. The requirements of such web applications are different from conventional applications that access a database. Web applications need to have selective recoverability and need to have support for different transaction structures, other than the flat transaction structure of conventional database applications, including nested and chained transactions. To achieve this, an interface between the application and database has the following functional features: 1) the interface to the database is connection oriented, i.e., the connection is retained across several invocations of the application; 2) the backend of the interface is long living, i.e., it exists across multiple invocations; 3) state information about a session in progress is maintained, and more specifically, it is distributed between the backend of the interface and the hidden fields of the HTML output document.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and program product for message communication in a distributed parallel data processing system. A user message is sent from a sender to a receiver. The user message contains user data and a pointer to a header handler routine. The header handler routine includes a first pointer to a target user buffer and a second pointer to a completion routine. When the user message is received, a low level application program interface (LAPI) is informed which invokes the header handler routines which returns the first and second pointers. LAPI then transfers the user data to the user buffer indicated by the header handler routine, and invokes the completion routine indicated by the header handler routine to complete the transfer of the user message to the receiver.

Abstract: A method and system for enhancing cache memory utilization within a symmetric multiprocessor data-processing system are disclosed. The symmetric multiprocessor data-processing system includes several processing units. These processing units are typically coupled to a system memory via an interconnect. Each of the processing units includes at least one cache memory for storing a subset of data contained within the system memory. Each of the processing units also includes a cache controller for controlling its associated cache memory. Each cache controller includes a mode select to allow an associated cache memory to be selectively operated under a shared mode or a private mode.

Abstract: A system is disclosed herein for stabilizing the current dissipation, voltage drop, and heating effects related to accessing blocks within first and second storage units of a double memory unit. The system includes a row selection unit located between the first and second storage units, which accesses storage locations of the first and second storage units according to first and second selection signals conducted from the outer extremities of the double memory unit to selected row locations. The blocks at corresponding distances from the outer extremities are numbered differently such that the sum of lengths of signal travel of the first and second selection signals to the numbered blocks remains relatively constant regardless of the block number which is selected for access.

Abstract: A navigator for permitting a presenter to randomly access digitized foils with minimal audience distraction. The navigator includes an on-screen indicator with several fields in a narrow band format that identifies the specific digital foil currently displayed on a presentation medium and also identifies the other digitized foils in the same unit. Using a selector, such as a pointer or keystroke, the presenter can select any other digitized foil within the same unit to replace the current display. To move outside of a specific unit, the presenter simply selects a different unit in the same or a different section within the same module or a different module by selecting other fields displayed on the indicator, again by using a pointer or keystroke. The indicator itself may be hidden from view when not in use, and when in use, may be the same background color as the displayed foil or even be entirely blocked from the audience's view to minimize audience distraction.

Abstract: A system and method for the superimposition of differential signals on binary signals. The technique can be performed on busses, and in many kinds of storage media. It can be accomplished in many ways depending on the noise that is to be tolerated, and depending on the sophistication of the encoding means.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conditioning an integrated circuit to always enter a desired operating state when actuated by permanently altering at least one component device. An integrated circuit is provided with at least one component transistor wherein a constant high voltage is applied only once to the drain electrode of the transistor for one predetermined period of time while concurrently a constant voltage lower than the high voltage is applied only once to the gate electrode of the transistor, thus causing a permanent channel hot-electron alteration of a gate oxide of the transistor. The integrated circuit may include a plurality of programmable circuits, each capable of assuming a plurality of readable data states when powered up, and each including a plurality of programmable devices for permanently biasing its corresponding programmable circuit to assume one of the readable states upon subsequent power ups.

Abstract: Frequency differences between differing clock sources are compensated for by an adaptive filtering mechanism. An amount of frequency drift between two clock sources is determined. Then, based on that amount of frequency drift, a filtering value is selected to be used in tracking the frequency drift. If the frequency drift is determined to be large, then a minimum filtering value is selected. However, if it is determined to be small, then a maximum filtering value is selected. The selected filtering value is used to adjust the address(es) of one or more data bits being transmitted and received using the two clock sources, such that the frequency drift is properly tracked.

Abstract: In a computer network, a system and method that provides electronic commerce services using replaceable and extensible, object-oriented software components, in one form, implemented in the Java programming language. The communication network includes a plurality of user workstations coupled to a network server containing a collection of replaceable and extensible object-oriented software components in a framework that accepts payment requests from users; processes payment requests and performs other transactions using the services of a Cashier component; CashierDesk component; Register component; a TaxCalculator component; a Ledger component for temporarily storing payment transactions; and a Safe for permanently storing transactions. Each component is either an abstract class or an interface, allowing a merchant to vary the implementation of one or more components without affecting the operation of the remaining components of the system in processing transactions.

Abstract: If consecutive read or write requests imposed on a DASD are of the same type and bear a defined sequential logical address relationship (pure sequential, near sequential), then a circular buffered data path using a pair of a synchronously managed read/write ports respectively coupling either a cyclic, concentric, multitracked storage medium or a cyclic, spiral-tracked storage medium and a device interface can continue data streaming unabated. Otherwise, the path would ordinarily have to be disabled and reconnected using a control microprocessor in respect of any random sequence of requests.