Abstract: Processes for transesterifying wax esters. Implementations may include: providing a feedstock including wax esters, contacting the feedstock with a lipase, and catalytically transesterifying the wax esters in the feedstock with the lipase to form a transesterified product. An oxidative stability index (OSI) of the transesterified product may be greater than an OSI of the feedstock.

Abstract: Implementations of a method of forming a wax ether composition may include: providing a batch of lipids, drying the batch of lipids, and cooling the batch of lipids. The method may also include dosing, with a catalyst, the batch of lipids at 0.1% to 0.3% by weight of the batch of lipids and dissolving the catalyst in the batch of lipids to form a homogenous solution. The method may include adding at least a molar equivalent of a hydrogen donor to the homogenous solution. The method may include sealing and maintaining the homogenous solution and hydrogen donor under atmospheric pressure under reflux until a chemical reaction between the homogenous solution and the hydrogen donor forms a product comprising an ether.

Abstract: Processes for transesterifying wax esters. Implementations may include providing a feedstock including wax esters, introducing into the feedstock an alcohol with a carbon number ranging from 1 to 34 carbons where the alcohol is selected from the group consisting of a straight chain alcohol, a branched chain alcohol, any combination of straight chain alcohols, any combination of branched chain alcohols, and any combination thereof. The process may include contacting the feedstock with a lipase, and catalytically transesterifying the wax esters in the feedstock with the lipase to form a transesterified product. The enzymatically transesterified product may be adapted to produce a finished product having a certain formula that has a viscosity that substantially matches a viscosity of a finished product having the same certain formula including chemically catalyzed transesterified wax esters.

Abstract: Implementations of wax ester compositions may include: a product of transesterifying oleyl oleate, stearyl stearate, and behenyl behenate using one of a chemical or an enzyme catalyst. The ratio of the oleyl oleate to stearyl stearate to behenyl behenate in the mixture prior to transesterification is one of 65%/23%/12%, 56%/29%/15%, or 36%/34%/30%, respectively, measured by weight. The product may demonstrate a substantially equivalent physical property to a physical property of a transesterified wax ester composition including a jojoba ester.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of a refined botanical triglyceride oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, phytosqualene, and phytosteryl macadamiate. A method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the macadamia oil and the jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol, adding phytosteryl macadamiate, and adding phytosqualene after interesterification.

Abstract: Materials with high levels of unsaponifiable matter, such as extracts from plants, produce hydrolysates with unique properties. The application of a hydrolysis process to materials, particularly materials with a high level of unsaponifiables (e.g., at least 6 weight percent of the material), produces a product with properties significantly different from those products resulting from the conventional saponification of materials with less than 6 weight percent of unsaponifiables. The hydrolysates of the present invention are substantive, resisting both physical and aqueous-based removal from skin and hair, exhibit a unique surfactant property, and are not foaming agents with water. Hydrolysates according to the present invention may be used to enhance the performance of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of refined botanical oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, phytosqualene, and/or phytosteryl macadamiate. Method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the refined macadamia oil and the refined jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol, adding phytosteryl macadamiate, and adding phytosqualene after the interesterifying.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of refined botanical oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, and phytosqualene. A method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the refined macadamia oil and the refined jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol alter the interesterifying, and adding phytosqualene after the interesterifying.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of a refined botanical triglyceride oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, phytosqualene, and phytosteryl macadamiate. A method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the macadamia oil and the jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol, adding phytosteryl macadamiate, and adding phytosqualene after interesterification.

Abstract: Cosmetic particle compositions are provided which are adapted to form hard cosmetic particles that transform to soft cosmetic particles after their incorporation into topical formulations, particularly surfactant-based topical formulations. The composition includes one or more partially or fully hydrogenated triglyceride oils, at least 50% of which have at least 15% by weight fatty acid moieties with carbon chain lengths of C18 or higher. Additives may be disposed in or on the hard cosmetic particles and delivered when the cosmetic particles are broken proximate a target such as the skin, hair or nails of a mammalian subject or another target. The transformable hard cosmetic particles permit the storage and shipment of intact cosmetic particles yet transform in situ to achieve the benefits of soft cosmetic particles.

Abstract: Materials with high levels of unsaponifiable matter, such as extracts from plants, produce hydrolysates with unique properties. The application of a hydrolysis process to materials, particularly materials with a high level of unsaponifiables (e.g., at least 6 weight percent of the material), produces a product with properties significantly different from those products resulting from the conventional saponification of materials with less than 6 weight percent of unsaponifiables. The hydrolysates of the present invention are substantive, resisting both physical and aqueous-based removal from skin and hair, exhibit a unique surfactant property, and are not foaming agents with water. Hydrolysates according to the present invention may be used to enhance the performance of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: Cosmetic particle compositions are provided which are adapted to form hard cosmetic particles that transform to soft cosmetic particles after their incorporation into topical formulations, particularly surfactant-based topical formulations. The composition includes one or more partially or fully hydrogenated triglyceride oils, at least 50% of which have at least 15% by weight fatty acid moieties with carbon chain lengths of C18 or higher. Additives may be disposed in or on the hard cosmetic particles and delivered when the cosmetic particles are broken proximate a target such as the skin, hair or nails of a mammalian subject or another target. The transformable hard cosmetic particles permit the storage and shipment of intact cosmetic particles yet transform in situ to achieve the benefits of soft cosmetic particles.

Abstract: Materials with high levels of unsaponifiable matter, such as extracts from plants, produce hydrolysates with unique properties. Properties that are sought in traditional saponification of natural oils are a result of low levels of unsaponifiables. These properties include high levels of aqueous surfactant activity, water-solubility or ready water-dispersability, activity as foaming agents, and the like. An objective of traditional saponification processes is to increase the water-solubility and surfactant activity of naturally occurring materials. It has been found that the application of a hydrolysis process to materials, particularly materials with a high level of unsaponifiables (e.g., at least 6 weight percent of the material), produces a product with properties significantly different from those products resulting from the conventional saponification of materials with less than 6 weight percent of unsaponifiables.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of refined botanical oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, phytosqualene, and/or phytosteryl macadamiate. Method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the refined macadamia oil and the refined jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol, adding phytosteryl macadamiate, and adding phytosqualene after the interesterifying.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of refined botanical oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, and phytosqualene.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification of refined botanical oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, and phytosqualene. A method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the refined macadamia oil and the refined jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol after the interesterifying, and adding phytosqualene after the interesterifying.

Abstract: The inventors disclose hair relaxing and/or straightening compositions, methods of making hair relaxing compositions, kits containing hair relaxing compositions, methods of straightening hair with hair relaxing compositions, and hair relaxed and/or straightened by hair relaxing compositions and/or methods.

Abstract: Materials with high levels of unsaponifiable matter, such as extracts from plants, produce hydrolysates with unique properties. Properties that are sought in traditional saponification of natural oils are a result of low levels of unsaponifiables. These properties include high levels of aqueous surfactant activity, water-solubility or ready water-dispersability, activity as foaming agents, and the like. An objective of traditional saponification processes is to increase the water-solubility and surfactant activity of naturally occurring materials. It has been found that the application of a hydrolysis process to materials, particularly materials with a high level of unsaponifiables (e.g., at least 6% by total weight of the material), produces a product with properties significantly different from those products resulting from the conventional saponification of materials with less than 6% by weight of unsaponifiables.

Abstract: Sunscreen compositions suitable for topical application are provided. The sunscreen composition includes at least one sunscreen active. Further, the sunscreen composition contains a water resistance agent including hydrolyzed jojoba esters, jojoba esters, and water. The water resistance agent provides for trapping the sunscreen active against the user's skin so that the sunscreen active is not removed by exposure to water. The sunscreen composition may further include potassium jojobate and/or jojoba alcohols. Also, the sunscreen composition may include glycerin for skin hydration purposes.

Abstract: Human sebum mimetics and methods for producing human sebum mimetics are provided. In one exemplary embodiment, a human sebum mimetic comprises a wax ester derived from interesterification refined botanical oil comprising palmitoleic acid and refined jojoba oil, a phytosterol, and phytosqualene. A method for producing a human sebum mimetic comprises mixing refined macadamia oil and refined jojoba oil, interesterifying the refined macadamia oil and the refined jojoba oil, adding a phytosterol after the interesterifying, and adding phytosqualene after the interesterifying.