Abstract: A laser weapon simulator apparatus requires a gunner to correctly lead a moving target when using a laser direct fire weapon simulator for markmanship training. The weapon simulator includes one or more lasers for firing a plurality of radiation beams along the weapon boresight and on at least one side thereof. An encoding circuit is coupled to the lasers for assigning a code to each radiation beam. A simulated target has a radiation detector for detecting the radiation beams of the lasers and includes a decoder coupled thereto for recognizing each code assigned to each radiation beam and comparing the lead taken by the gunner with the required lead.

Abstract: A heat exchanger apparatus has a titanium liquid circuit for the passage of a liquid to be cooled. The liquid circuit has a liquid input and a liquid output and is formed with titanium walls having coacting ribs formed on two walls to spread the liquid passing therethrough. A pair of cooling circuits located adjacent to the liquid circuit has air or another cooling fluid passed therethrough for cooling the liquid passing through the liquid circuit. Each cooling circuit is attached adjacent one titanium wall of the liquid circuit and each has a purality of metallic cooling fins, such as pin fins, fixedly soldered or brazed to the titanium wall. The titanium liquid side has no brazed or soldered joint and this prevents corrosion and contamination, while the heat exchanger efficiency is enhanced by the thin walls of titanium having high heat transfer pin fins soldered or brazed directly to the air side. Complete access to the liquid side of the heat exchanger is provided for cleaning.

Abstract: A laser cooling system has a coolant formulated to act as a heat exchanger and a transparent optical medium of matching refractive index between the flashlamp, silver reflectors and laser rod. The coolant has one or more fluorescent dyes and an inorganic pH buffering additive therein and the lamp is in a cerium doped envelope. A method is provided for measuring the operation time of a laser having a cooling system and a coolant having fluorescent dyes therein and actuating a solenoid valve after a predetermined operational life of the laser to release a dye additive into the coolant to maintain the efficiency of the laser.

Abstract: A laser weapon simulator target apparatus is provided having a conventional target formed of a material translucent to a laser wavelength and a laser radiation detector positioned behind the target on one end portion thereof and facing in a generally parallel direction to the back of the target so that scattered radiation from a laser beam penetrating the target will be received by the radiation detector to indicate a laser beam hitting the target. The target may have a back enclosure to prevent radiation that misses the target being reflected back onto the detector. The target allows a single laser radiation detector to be utilized and at the same time allows the target to be used for live rounds or with a laser weapon simulator without changing the target.

Abstract: A target apparatus for detecting laser radiation, or the like, impinging thereon. The target has a support having a plurality of fiber optic fibers mounted thereon with their ends attached to a radiation detector and amplifier. A radiation scattering cover covers the fiber optic fibers on at least one side to scatter radiation impinging thereupon adjacent the fibers, thereby changing the angle of light entering the fibers to produce a signal on the detector to indicate a beam of radiation hitting the target.

Abstract: A self-synchronizing optical radiation imaging device and optical delay circuit is provided with optics for receiving optical radiation and directing the radiation to an optical image delay system for delaying the optical radiation for a predetermined length of time. An optical radiation energy detector detects when optical radiation of a predetermined energy level has been received and actuates a gating circuit, which in turn, turns an image intensifier either on or off, depending upon the embodiment used, to coincide with the reception of the delayed signal by the image intensifier and to maintain the image intensifier on or off during the period that the receiving optics is receiving optical radiation of at least the predetermined level.