Abstract: A method for filling a via on a printed circuit board formulates a paste as a dispersion of copper particulate that includes nanocopper particles in a solvent and a binder and depositing the paste into a via cavity formed in the printed circuit board. Heating the paste-filled cavity removes most of the solvent. The method sinters the deposited paste in the via cavity, planarizes the sintered via, and overplates the filled via with copper.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a pattern of a nanoparticle-based ink on a substrate has a printing apparatus that is energizable to deposit the nanoparticle-based ink in a pattern on a surface of the substrate. An illumination apparatus is energizable to direct a patterned illumination to cure the deposited ink pattern on the substrate, the illumination apparatus having an array having at least a first and a second laser diode, each laser diode coupled to a channel in a laser light coupling element through an optical fiber and having an illumination lens disposed to direct illumination from the coupling element onto the surface of the substrate. A transport apparatus is energizable to provide relative motion between the substrate and the illumination apparatus.

Abstract: A conductive paste for screen application has a mixture of copper flake having a mean diameter between 1.0-8.0 micrometers and copper nanoparticles having a mean diameter from 10 nm to 100 nm, wherein the ratio of the copper flake to the nanoparticles is between 2:1 and 5:1 by weight; and a resin comprising about half of a polymer having a molecular weight in excess of 10,000 and one or more solvents.

Abstract: A conductive paste for screen application to a substrate has a mixture of copper particles having a mean diameter between 1.0-5.0 micrometers and polymer-coated copper nanoparticles having a mean diameter from 10 nm to 100 nm. The ratio of the copper particles to the nanoparticles is between 2:1 and 5:1 by weight. The paste has a resin comprising a binder portion and a solvent portion, wherein the binder portion is about half of the resin by weight, and a plasticizer having a boiling point above about 200 degrees C., wherein the plasticizer is from 1-3% of the paste, by weight.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a pattern of a nanoparticle-based ink on a surface of a substrate has a surface conditioning apparatus for conditioning at least a portion of the surface for adhesion of the nanoparticle-based ink; a printing apparatus that is energizable to deposit the pattern of nanoparticle-based ink on the conditioned portion of the surface of the substrate; an illumination apparatus that is energizable to direct illumination energy to cure the deposited ink pattern on the substrate surface; and a transport apparatus that is energizable to provide relative motion between the substrate and the illumination apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a pattern of a nanoparticle ink on a substrate has a transport apparatus that is energizable to move the substrate in a direction and a printing apparatus that deposits the nanoparticle ink in a pattern on a surface of the moving substrate. An illumination apparatus directs a patterned illumination to cure the deposited ink pattern on the moving substrate, the illumination apparatus having a light source that generates light directed toward a uniformizer, a spatial light modulator energizable to form a patterned illumination from the uniformized light, and an illumination lens disposed to direct illumination from the spatial light modulator onto the surface of the moving substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a pattern of a nanoparticle-based ink on a substrate has a printing apparatus that is energizable to deposit the nanoparticle-based ink in a pattern on a surface of the substrate. An illumination apparatus is energizable to direct a patterned illumination to cure the deposited ink pattern on the substrate, the illumination apparatus having an array having at least a first and a second laser diode, each laser diode coupled to a channel in a laser light coupling element through an optical fiber and having an illumination lens disposed to direct illumination from the coupling element onto the surface of the substrate. A transport apparatus is energizable to provide relative motion between the substrate and the illumination apparatus.