Abstract: A system can include one or more chambers, where a chamber can include an agitation mechanism, an activation source, and one or more ports (e.g., inlets and/or outlets). A method can include one or more of preparing a silica starting material, reducing the silica starting material, washing the silicon, and/or coating the silicon.
Abstract: A method for forming a porous silicon material can include forming a mixture of silicon, carbon, and an etchant element, solidifying the mixture, removing the etchant element to form pores within the silicon material. The porous silicon material can include a distribution of pores with an average pore diameter between about 10 nm and 500 nm, wherein the silicon particle comprises a silicon carbon composite comprising 1-5% carbon by mass, 1-5% oxygen by mass, and 90-98% silicon by mass.
Abstract: A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.
Abstract: A method for forming a battery anode can include: forming a slurry including active material comprising silicon particles, wherein the silicon particles can be derived from silica fumes, depositing the slurry on an current collector, drying the deposited slurry to form a deposited film, and compacting the deposited film to form the battery anode.
Abstract: A method for manufacturing porous silicon can include reducing unpurified silica in the presence of a reducing agent to prepare a porous silicon material. A porous silicon material including silicon nanoparticles and clusters of silicon nanoparticles, where the pores are cooperatively defined by the nanoparticles within the clusters.
Abstract: A silicon material can include a silicon aggregate comprising a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles welded together. The silicon aggregate can optionally have a polyhedral morphology. A method can include: receiving a plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles and cold welding the plurality of porous silicon nanoparticles into an aggregated silicon particle.
Abstract: A silicon material can include a composition with at least about 50% silicon, at most about 45% carbon, and at most about 10 % oxygen. The silicon material can have an external expansion that is less than about 40%. The silicon material can include silicon nanoparticles, which can cooperatively form clusters. The silicon nanoparticles can be porous.
Abstract: A method for manufacturing porous silicon can include reducing unpurified silica in the presence of a reducing agent to prepare a porous silicon material. The method of manufacture can optionally include purifying a silica, exposing the silica to reaction modifiers, purifying the mixture of the silica and reaction modifiers, comminuting the silica, purifying the silicon, coating the silicon, post-processing the silicon, and/or any suitable steps.
Abstract: A porous silicon material including silicon nanoparticles and clusters of silicon nanoparticles, where the pores are cooperatively defined by the nanoparticles within the clusters.