Abstract: A valve (14,16) for handling a hot fluid material such as the coal dust formed in the smelting of direct reduced ore, in which those parts of the valve body (19) in direct contact with the material have double walls which contain a non-fluid medium (22) such as kaowool between them for heat insulating the walls, while those parts (26) which are not so in contact are cooled with a fluid medium such as water.

Abstract: A method of making steel, by heating in a channel type induction furnace an iron containing burden and carbon, the carbon being included in the burden and/or contained in hot metal; and maintaining the temperature of the liquid product so formed above its liquidus temperature by controlling the amount of heat supplied to the furnace and/or the rate at which the burden is added to the furnace.

Abstract: A process for the resolution of an emulsion which comprises an internal water phase, an external fat and/or oil containing phase and a finely divided metal contaminant which comprises mixing a contaminated emulsion with a volume of water sufficient to increase the total water content to at least 50% on a mass to mass basis, if the water content of the emulsion relative to that of the rest of the emulsion is less than 50% on a mass to mass basis; adding to the emulsion at least one of a suitable emulsifier and demulsifier; mixing the emulsion with a short-chain organic acid to lower the pH from to 3-5 and; allowing the emulsion to settle out into an upper layer comprising the external phase; a lower water layer and a bottom precipitate comprising the contaminant.

Abstract: A relatively low cost, high strength, high toughness bar and sheet steel, which is substantially non-susceptible to the formation of delayed surface cracks in the as-rolled condition and its method of preparation, are provided, the constitution of the steel on a percentage mass to mass basis being as follows:C=0.21-0.28Mn=0.80-1.80Cr=1.60-2.10Si=0.35 maximumAl=0.02-0.05P and S each=0.025 maximumFe=the balance;the steel being characterized in that its composition is such that, upon air cooling following rolling, the transformation temperature of the steel during the cooling is at a sufficiently high level to ensure that there is sufficient thermal contraction possible after the transformation has been completed to accommodate at least the thermal expansion which had taken place during the transformation.