Abstract: Disclosed are methods and apparatuses for image data encoding/decoding. A method for decoding a 360-degree image includes the steps of: receiving a bitstream obtained by encoding a 360-degree image; generating a prediction image by making reference to syntax information obtained from the received bitstream; adding the generated prediction image to a residual image obtained by dequantizing and inverse-transforming the bitstream, so as to obtain a decoded image; and reconstructing the decoded image into a 360-degree image according to a projection format. Therefore, the performance of image data compression can be improved.

Abstract: Provided is a method for performing transmission of an uplink channel in a wireless communication system, the method being performed by a terminal and comprising the steps of: receiving a system information block 1 (SIB1) from a base station; transmitting a preamble for a random access procedure to the base station; receiving a random access response (RAR) to the preamble from the base station; and transmitting a PUSCH to the base station on the basis of the random access response.

Abstract: A sensor head transitions between a retracted and extended state. While retracted, sensors are covered. While extended, the sensors are exposed and may be used to acquire sensor data about the physical space. A force applied by a user, or a received command, may initiate transition. For example, a user may press on the sensor head to initiate retraction or extension. A motor provides a force to move the sensor head and generate haptic feedback, while a position encoder determines a displacement of the sensor head due to an external force being applied. Different applications of force by the user to the sensor head may result in different operations by the device. For example, a short push may retract the sensor head and disable the sensors for a specified time interval. In comparison a long push may retract the sensor head and disable the sensors until a specified clock time.

Abstract: A method includes forming an alternating stack of first and second layers, forming a composite hard mask layer over the alternating stack, forming openings in the hard mask, and forming via openings through the alternating stack by performing an anisotropic etch process that transfers a pattern of the openings in the composite hard mask layer through the alternating stack. The compositing hard mask includes a first cladding material layer which has higher etch resistance than upper and lower patterning films of the composite hard mask.

Abstract: Provided is a method for performing transmission of an uplink channel in a wireless communication system, the method being performed by a terminal and comprising the steps of: receiving a system information block 1 (SIB1) from a base station; transmitting a preamble for a random access procedure to the base station; receiving a random access response (RAR) to the preamble from the base station; and transmitting a PUSCH to the base station on the basis of the random access response.

Abstract: A three-dimensional memory device containing a plurality of levels of memory elements includes a memory film containing a layer stack that includes a resonant tunneling barrier stack, a semiconductor barrier layer, and a memory material layer located between the resonant tunneling barrier stack and the semiconductor barrier layer, a semiconductor channel, and a control gate electrode.

Abstract: An electric wheelchair propulsion system for a wheelchair. The propulsion system has a first and a second torque transfer hub rotatably mounted to a respective first and second drive wheel of the wheelchair, and an elongated axle tube arranged between the first and second hubs. First and second motors are arranged within the axle tube extending from opposing ends thereof. First and second drive axles are insertable into bores of the first and second hubs respectively, and are operatively connected to the first and second motors respectively. Means are provided to control the actuation of the motors. Actuation of the motors drives a rotation thereof, transferring a torque to the drive axles. The drive axles in turn transfer a torque to the hubs, thereby rotating the drive wheels.

Abstract: A system for controlling a laser treatment, comprising a three dimensional image generator configured to receive three dimensional surface data and to generate a user display of the three dimensional surface data, a user control configured to allow a user to select one or more sections from the user display of the three dimensional surface data and to assign a laser wavelength to the selected section and a robotic treatment device configured to receive the assigned laser wavelength and the selected section and to control a laser device to deliver a laser treatment to the selected section at the assigned laser wavelength.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the plants, plants parts, and plant cells of tomato variety designated ‘MX20-06’, methods for producing a tomato plant by crossing ‘MX20-06’ with itself or another tomato plant, plants derived from ‘MX20-06’, including single locus conversions of ‘MX20-06’ and allopolyploid plants produced from ‘MX20-06’, tomato fruit of ‘MX20-06’, methods of using ‘MX20-06’ as a rootstock or scion, and composite plants comprising ‘MX20-06’ as a rootstock or scion.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a targeting guide is disclosed. The targeting guide includes a handle defining a targeting hole and a targeting tower configured to be coupled to the handle. The targeting tower defines at least a first guide hole and a second guide hole. Each of the first and second guide holes are sized and configured to receive a respective first guide pin and second guide pin therethrough. The first and second guide pins are configured to indicate alignment of a k-wire inserted through the targeting hole defined by the handle. Methods of using a targeting guide are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for servicing a welding torch is provided. The system includes a gripping module for holding and releasing a component of the welding torch, the gripping module is movable along an axis of the gripping module and rotatable about the axis; and a control system for providing a degree of freedom in a movement of the gripping module to control or reduce a force exerted between mating components of the welding torch.

Abstract: A surgical drill alignment guide is disclosed that can provide an accurate trajectory for placement of a bone screw along a longitudinal axis of a bone.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive element (e.g., a spin-torque magnetoresistive memory element) includes a fixed magnetic layer, a free magnetic layer, having a high-iron alloy interface region located along a surface of the free magnetic layer, wherein the high-iron alloy interface region has at least 50% iron by atomic composition, and a first dielectric, disposed between the fixed magnetic layer and the free magnetic layer. The magnetoresistive element further includes a second dielectric, having a first surface that is in contact with the surface of the free magnetic layer, and an electrode, disposed between the second dielectric and a conductor. The electrode includes: (i) a non-ferromagnetic portion having a surface that is in contact with a second surface of the second dielectric, and (ii) a second portion having at least one ferromagnetic material disposed between the non-ferromagnetic portion of the electrode and the conductor.