Abstract: The invention relates to a method, system, and apparatus used in endoscopic medical diagnostic applications and endoscopic medical treatment applications, particularly in applications for imaging and treating lesions occurring in the biological mucosal layer with the thermal ablation (coagulation) method.

Abstract: A method of data acquisition and image generation over a wide and dynamic time interval between surface scans using modified electrical waves is disclosed. It is also disclosed that generating altered electrical waveforms that drive a scanner using conventional waves such as sinusoidal or triangle or sawtooth can enhance the method. Systems for A-scan, B-scan, and C-scan imaging pp include surface scan setups using a one-dimensional and a two-dimensional scanner, respectively. Three different arrangements of conventional waves enable modified waveforms that drive scanners to produce a wide and dynamic interscans time interval on both the fast and slow scan axes. (i) At a constant peak-to-peak voltage, the instantaneous voltage of the electrical sinusoidal wave shifts in time with the amplitude of the electrical signal in the ramp waveform within a range.

Abstract: A plasmonic-based biosensor platform that determines the biophysical properties of cells, the changes within, and their therapeutic behavior upon the molecules that cause these changes in an ex vivo and label-free manner is provided. The plasmonic-based biosensor platform includes a plasmonic chip, a light source, an inverted microscope, an incubator case, an optical read-out device, and a graphical user interface. The biosensor platform of the invention could determine the therapeutic susceptibility of cancer cells to cancer drugs in a label-free manner.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) liver organoid obtained through the differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) in laboratory culture medium and a production method of the 3D hepatic organoid are provided. The production method includes the following steps: differentiating the IPSCs into a definitive endoderm in a medium containing Activin A, Wnt3a, and R-spo1 factors; adding 5 ng/ml R-spo 1 during IPSC differentiation to increase an amount of EpCAM+endoderm progenitor cells; cell sorting of the EpCAM+endoderm progenitor cells through a fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) method; culturing a sorted EpCAM+endoderm progenitor cells in a 3D Matrigel medium of 37° C., 5% CO2, 95% humidity and 7.2-7.5 pH.

Abstract: A portable incubator system integrated to a mobile phone providing a real-time tracking of samples and data flow is provided. The portable incubator system allowing cells to be cultured, reproduced and characterized in real-time without a need for a commercial incubator and a microscope-camera system installed within the portable incubator system.