Abstract: The object is to provide a method that enables detection of unknown virus sequences and efficient detection and search of viruses. The method comprises the step of randomly fragmenting an objective double-stranded (ds) RNA to obtain dsRNA fragments; the step of subjecting the obtained dsRNA fragments to a reverse transcription reaction and then performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to obtain corresponding DNA fragments; and the step of subjecting the obtained DNA fragments to a sequence analysis operation to determine the sequences. The reverse transcription reaction is preferably started from the 3? ends of the dsRNA fragments.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is a method for producing an emulsion, comprising the steps of: (1) causing water and a water-insoluble substance that is to be emulsified to become freely miscible under conditions of temperature and pressure in the vicinity of the vapor-liquid critical point of water; and (2) cooling the product comprised of the water-insoluble substance and water solved each other in the presence of a surfactant to obtain a liquid comprised of the water-insoluble substance dispersed in water or a liquid comprised of water dispersed in the water-insoluble substance. The present invention provides a new method for producing emulsions with high efficiency without requiring a long period of processing or a great amount of energy.

Abstract: A concave section such as an extension section, a cutting section, and a notch section is provided to receive a lid of a float valve in an inside of outer tube assembly of a drill string. Thus, when the float valve is provided for the drill string, it is made possible to collect a core with a larger diameter by a thinner drill string, by expanding the inner diameter of the drill string.

Abstract: Exploration of resources of the bottom of water such as a seafloor based on a self-potential is accurately performed. A computer of a resource estimation system includes an estimation information acquisition unit that acquires potential information indicating potentials of a plurality of potential electrodes having a predetermined positional relationship measured at a plurality of positions in water, a noise removal unit that removes noise contained in the measured potentials by performing principal component analysis or independent component analysis using the potentials, and a resource estimation unit that estimates the presence of the resources in the bottom of water based on the potential from which the noise has been removed.

Abstract: A joint structure is a joint structure between a first member having a pillared end part made of a fiber-reinforced plastic and a second member different from the first member. The end part of the first member is reversely tapered in an axial direction, while a joining member is disposed along a reversely tapered form of the end part. The second member is provided in contact with an end face of the first member and connected to the joining member. A plurality of fibers substantially extending in the axial direction of the end part of the first member are provided within the end part and disposed to form a larger angle with the axial direction of the end part of the first member as they are disposed to be closer to a surface constituting the reversely tapered form in a radial direction of the end part.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a stress history measurement method and a stress sensor by which the stress history of an object being measured can be measured easily with high accuracy over a wide stress measurement range. In the stress history measurement method, the stress history to which the object being measured has been subjected is measured on the basis of the ratio of twinned calcite particles after the object to be measured has been subjected to an external force, the object having a stress sensor embedded therein and capable of being deformed elastically when being subjected to the external force, the sensor including a number of calcite particles. The stress sensor is configured such that a number of calcite particles are hardened by a resin with adjacent particles kept in contact with each other.

Abstract: An underwater observation apparatus includes an observation apparatus body, a weight structure, a coupling device, and a fusion cutting device. The observation apparatus body is configured to house at least a power source, a communication circuit for a communication device, and a signal processing device. The coupling device couples the observation apparatus body with the weight structure via a remote-controlled release structure capable of releasing the observation apparatus body from the weight structure. The underwater observation apparatus also includes a power feeding coil located inside of a glass sphere to generate magnetic flux, and a power receiving coil located outside of the glass sphere. The power receiving coil generates an induced voltage when interlinked by the magnetic flux generated by the power feeding coil. The power receiving coil is configured to supply drive power to the fusion cutting device.

Abstract: A radical polymerization method that enables synthesis, at a high conversion rate, of polymers having a relatively uniform molecular weight and is applicable to various monomers, and an apparatus used for the method. A reaction solution containing monomer and initiator is continuously or intermittently circulated in the apparatus and is heated in a heating-initiation unit to a predetermined temperature simultaneously across a radial direction of a cross section of the flow path whereby the initiator located in a particular volume of the reaction solution is cleaved all at once. The apparatus includes a heating medium production unit 10, a heating medium-reaction solution mixing unit 20, a cooling unit 30, and a recovery unit 40 for a reaction mixture, all communicatively connected by the flow path and optionally a heating reaction unit 60, a cooling unit 70, and a recovery unit 80, all communicatively connected by the flow path.

Abstract: The first object of the present invention is to provide an immortalized cell line derived from a thread-sail filefish. The first object of the present invention can be solved by a cell line or a passage strain thereof derived from a living body part of a fish of the family Monacanthidae, wherein the cell line or the passage strain thereof is capable of being subcultured substantially without limitations. The second object of the present invention is to provide a pluripotent stem cell derived from a thread-sail filefish. The second object of the present invention can be solved by a cell line or a passage strain thereof derived from a living body part of a fish of the family Monacanthidae, wherein the cell line or the passage strain thereof is positive for at least a cell marker selected from a group consisting of TRA-1-60, OCT4 and SSEA-3.

Abstract: An apparatus for accurately measuring carbon dioxide partial pressure even if the apparatus is disposed in an environment at a high ambient water pressure, such as in a deep sea environment. A through hole that penetrates a body portion is formed in the body portion. The body portion is connected to a light source unit and a light receiving element unit. A signal line is disposed to pass through the through hole formed in the body portion. The signal line electrically connects between an amplifier substrate of the light receiving element unit and a CPU substrate of the light source unit to transfer the detection result amplified by the amplifier substrate.

Abstract: In order to efficiently compensate for effects of the Doppler shift, a receiving device includes a Doppler estimator that estimates a Doppler-shift frequency fdc of a received signal. A multiplier and an LPF detect the received signal based on a carrier frequency fc of the received signal and the Doppler-shift frequency fdc estimated by the Doppler estimator 11. A timing corrector corrects a timing T for extracting symbols of the received signal after detection by the LPF so as to track the Doppler shift. A symbol extractor extracts received symbols from the received signal after detection by the LPF at a timing corrected by the timing corrector. An adaptive equalizer estimates and determines symbols from the received symbols extracted by the symbol extractor.

Abstract: A particle simulation device comprises: a position information acquisition unit that acquires position information for the particles; a pair setting unit that selects pairs of particles and sets a pair number, on the basis of the position information; a reference information generation unit that generates a matrix from the pair numbers and the particle numbers, and generates reference information for referencing the pair numbers from the particle numbers on the basis of a matrix in which the order of the rows of the matrix are sorted on the basis of the particle numbers; a sum calculation unit that calculates a sum of interaction forces for each particle on the basis of the reference information; and a particle information calculation unit that calculates the position and velocity of the particles on the basis of the sum of interaction forces.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus is a transmission apparatus that generates a pressure wave for transmitting data in drilling mud, and includes a tubular member, a plurality of valves that are provided side by side in an axial direction of the tubular member inside the tubular member, each of which includes a stator including holes for passing the drilling mud, and a rotatable rotor which is provided to overlap the stator and includes blocking portions blocking the holes in the stator according to a rotation position, a motor that rotates the respective rotors, and a control unit that controls the motor 130 so as to rotate and stop the respective rotors at frequencies different from each other, according to data to be transmitted.

Abstract: An object is to maintain the hydrogen sulfide concentration in rearing water at a constant value without measuring the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the rearing water. The present invention includes: a water tank 10 that stores rearing water W leaving a gas phase at an upper part; a gas sensor 50 to detect hydrogen sulfide gas concentration in the gas phase G; and a hydrogen sulfide supplying means F to supply hydrogen sulfide to the rearing water W based on a detection signal output from the gas sensor 50 so as to maintain a hydrogen sulfide concentration in the rearing water W at a predetermined value.

Abstract: There are provided a shell of a pressure-resistant container that is made of ceramics, is used for a pressure-resistant container formed with a through hole, and can be made higher in strength and lighter in weight, as well as to provide a pressure-resistant container and an exploratory apparatus. A shell of a pressure-resistant container includes a shell portion and a thick-walled portion. The shell portion is made of ceramics and has a convexly-curved surface. The thick-walled portion is made of ceramics, continues into the shell portion, is larger in thickness than the shell portion, and has a through hole penetrating through the thick-walled portion in a thickness direction thereof.

Abstract: A fusion cutting device includes a fusion cutting device body made from a connecting-member enclosure in the shape of a tube, for slidably passing a connecting member therethrough, an electric heater wound outside the connecting-member enclosure in the form of a coil, and a case configured to contain these connecting-member enclosure and electric heater, a power source for supplying electric current to the electric heater, and a switch circuit configured to flow the electric current from the power source to the electric heater. The first object and the second object are fixed by the connecting member. When the switch circuit turns on, electric current flows from the power source to the electric heater, thereby fusion cutting the connecting-member enclosure and the connecting member that pass through the connecting-member enclosure. The first object and the second object are thereby separated.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a method which specifically and efficiently produces a compound having a phenol propane structure from natural biomass containing lignins by causing microorganisms to act on biomass. The object is achieved by a method for producing a phenyl propane-based compound comprising a step of producing a phenyl propane-based compound by causing microorganisms of the genus Novosphingobium to act on biomass containing lignins and/or lignin-related substances.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a method which, if compared with prior art, more specifically and efficiently produces a compound having a phenol propane structure from natural biomass containing lignins by causing enzymes to act on the biomass. The object is achieved by a method for producing a phenyl propane-based compound comprising a step of producing a phenyl propane-based compound by causing enzymes derived from microorganisms of the genus Novosphingobium to act on biomass containing lignins and/or lignin-related substances in the presence of NAD and reduction type glutathione.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for suppressing the growth of a target cell, which is not limited in the type of a target cell and the type of a protein to be expressed in the target cell and needs not any preparatory experiment for determining a codon to be contained in a protein to be expressed in a target cell. Specifically disclosed is a method for suppressing the growth of a target cell, which comprises the steps of: incorporating DNA containing a region encoding a protein into the target cell, and allowing a protein encoded by the DNA to be expressed in the target cell into which the DNA has been incorporated. The region contained in the DNA comprises a tri-nucleotide sequence. The tri-nucleotide sequence is selected from codons that define at least some amino acid species constituting the protein, and is complementary to at least some codons that are used in the target cell at a frequency of 0.2 or less.

Abstract: A simulation apparatus for calculating unsteady spatial distributions of wind speed, temperature, etc. in a simulation target space where buildings and trees exist. The simulation apparatus calculates unsteady spatial distributions of wind speed, temperature, etc. in the simulation target space, taking into consideration the effect of the radiation heat absorbed each element and the effect of exchange of heat and water vapor between the trees and the atmosphere.