Abstract: To obtain a neutron detector capable of measuring high dose neutrons with high neutron/gamma-ray discrimination ability and high efficiency. A scintillator 10 has a layered structure in which a phosphor layer 11 and a light transmission layer 12 are alternately laminated in z direction. The phosphor layer 11 is made of a phosphor material emitting fluorescent light by absorbing neutrons, the material being, for example, a scintillator material used in neutron detectors having already been known. The light transmission layer 12 is made of a material highly transmitting fluorescent light emitted by the phosphor material and only slightly absorbing neutrons. In the scintillator 10, when neutrons and gamma-ray photons enter it, luminescence intensity (pulse height) due to neutrons is significantly different from that due to gamma-ray photons. It makes it easy to discriminate between outputs due to the two kinds of radiations.

Abstract: A nozzle for spouting a liquid phase, in which one liquid phase in a two-liquid phase system can be stably jetted as highly dispersible droplets while suppressing coalescence of droplets, and accumulation of fine solid components in the nozzle hardly occurs. The nozzle has a structure in which capillary tubes or pores are assembled. Further, the capillary tubes or the pores are formed using a suitable material having a low affinity for organic or a low affinity for water, or a material subjected to appropriate surface treatment.

Abstract: A radiation detection device is provided that is wide in visual field, wide in application range of radiation energy, and which is smaller and lighter in weight as compared to other devices. The device includes a detecting element group has a plurality of detecting elements that detect radiation are three-dimensionally arranged. The detecting element group has a structure with a depletion formed by removing the detecting element at any position from a virtual detecting element group in which the detecting elements are laid out on any virtual surface. The depletion is provided at a position at which a difference of detected values between one detecting element and another detecting element arranged along any direction exhibits different values in a case where the radiation having the direction as an incident direction enters and a case where the radiation having an opposite direction of the direction as an incident direction enters.

Abstract: This invention enables highly accurate sample analysis by analyzing energy spectra obtained using a radiation detector, even under a high dose-rate environment. In a radiation analysis method disclosed here, first, a spectrum of a sample (measured spectrum) is measured by a radiation detector (sample measurement step: S1). The measured spectrum is obtained for each of different setting conditions, where a plurality of scintillators having different sizes and a plurality of shields having different thicknesses are used, respectively. Next, similar measurement is performed on a reference source (reference source measurement step: S2). Next, from reference spectra thus obtained in S2, a background nuclide-originating component, which is a component originating from a background nuclide (137Cs) included in the measured spectra, is estimated (background nuclide-originating component estimation step: S3).

Abstract: An aluminum alloy material having an aluminum alloy composition of the aluminum alloy compositions (1) below. Aluminum alloy composition (1) 0.30 mass% or less of Si, more than 0.35 mass% of Fe, 0.20 mass% or less of Cu, 0.20 to 0.70 mass% of Mn, 1.0 to 2.0 mass% of Mg, 0.30 mass% or less of Cr, 4.0 to 5.0 mass% of Zn, 0.10 mass% or less of V, 0.25 mass% or less of Zr, and 0.20 mass% or less of Ti, while additionally containing Al.

Abstract: Provided is a negative ion source and a negative ion generation method capable of providing a high negative ion generation efficiency. A negative ion source includes a housing that includes: an inlet from which a sample is introduced; a plasma generation region communicated with the inlet, a plasma being generated by discharge in the plasma generation region; a negative ion generation region in which particles dissociated or excited by a reaction of the generated plasma with the sample are converted into negative ions; and an extraction port communicated with the negative ion generation region, the generated negative ions being extracted outside through the extraction port. The negative ion generation region is filled with a thermionic emission material for generating thermoelectrons by high frequency heating.

Abstract: To obtain a neutron detector capable of measuring high dose neutrons with high neutron/gamma-ray discrimination ability and high efficiency. A scintillator 10 has a layered structure in which a phosphor layer 11 and a light transmission layer 12 are alternatelylaminatedin z direction. The phosphor layer 11 is made of a phosphor material emitting fluorescent light by absorbing neutrons, the material being, for example, a scintillator material used in neutron detectors having alreadybeen known. The light transmission layer 12 is made of a material highly transmitting fluorescent light emitted by the phosphor materialand only slightlyabsorbingneutrons. In the scintillator 10, when neutrons and gamma-ray photons enter it, luminescence intensity (pulse height) due to neutrons is significantly different from that due to gamma-ray photons. It makes it easy to discriminate between outputs due to the two kinds of radiations.

Abstract: Provided is a vacuum component capable of evacuation by a getting effect, which has a large maximum number of captured molecules and a long working life. It is provided, in an area around its central axis, with a hollow cylindrical electrode 20 having an electrode surface 20A that is sufficiently smaller than an inner surface 10A of the vacuum container 10, along the central axis. In the vacuum container 10, it is possible to realize any one of states among a first state of generating DC discharge by introducing Ar into the inside and setting the electrode surface 20A at a positive potential, a second state of setting the electrode surface 20A at a ground potential without introducing Ar, and a third state of generating DC discharge by introducing Ar into the inside and setting the electrode surface 20A at a negative potential. Evacuation by the vacuum component 1 is performed in the second state.

Abstract: An efficient method of producing a carbonate apatite is provided. The method comprises: a first step of calcining animal bone; and a second step of reacting a bone calcined product obtained in the first step with a basic carbonate compound.

Abstract: A process of producing a fine-grained austenitic stainless steel, the process comprising a step of subjecting a fine-grained austenitic stainless steel comprising: C: 0.15 wt % or less, Si: 1.00 wt % or less, Mn: 2.0 wt % or less, Ni: 6.0 to 14.0 wt %, Cr: 16.0 to 22.0 wt %, and Mo: 3.0 wt % or less, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities, and having an average grain size of 10 ?m or lower, to an annealing treatment at a temperature from 600° C. to 700° C. for 48 hours or longer.

Abstract: A radiation shielding material that is lighter and has lower installation restrictions than conventional methods, and that exhibits excellent shielding efficiency against radiation in the high energy region. The radiation shielding material comprises a complex containing a fibrous nanocarbon material, a primary radiation shielding particle, and a binder, wherein the fibrous nanocarbon material and the primary radiation shielding particle are dispersed in the binder.

Abstract: A carbonate apatite highly containing carbonate groups, having excellent heavy metal adsorption capacity is provided. The carbonate apatite contains not less than 15.6% by weight carbonate groups, preferably contains at least one of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), iron (Fe), and sodium (Na), and preferably has a Ca/P molar ratio of not less than 1.5.

Abstract: A new system in which a forward extraction part, a scrubbing part, and a backward extraction part operate together and synchronously to produce specific substances by extraction and separation in a liquid-liquid system. The aqueous phase is circulated independently only in the forward extraction part one or more times, and the organic phase is circulated from the forward extraction part through the scrubbing part and the backward extraction part to the forward extraction part again in synchronization with the liquid circulation of the aqueous phase.

Abstract: To obtain deuterium in a gas state from a mixed gas of hydrogen and deuterium at a low cost. A first electrode 11 is an electrode made of a metal allowing hydrogen (H component and D component) to permeate therethrough (hydrogen permeable metal), and the hydrogen permeable metal is Pd, for example. H ions and D ions having permeated through the first electrode 11 flow to the side of a second electrode 12 in a proton conduction layer 20. When the first electrode 11 is used as an anode and the second electrode 12 as a cathode, H ions and D ions flow in the proton conduction layer 20 from the left to the right in the drawing. In that case, hydrogen component in an input gas is more likely to flow into an atmosphere on the cathode side than deuterium component, and an H/D composition ratio accordingly becomes higher in a product gas than in the input gas. In an exhaust gas extracted after H and D components in the input gas are thus consumed, D component has been enriched.

Abstract: To provide a new compound with pores finely tunable in size so as to take up a specific element and release the specific element taken up in the pores as necessary, a synthesis method of the new compound, and a separation and recovery agent. The new compound represented by the following molecular formula: (NH4)[Ln(C2O4)2(H2O)] wherein Ln represents a lanthanide selected from Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu.

Abstract: Provided is a vacuum component capable of evacuation by a getting effect, which has a large maximum number of captured molecules and a long working life. It is provided, in an area around its central axis, with a hollow cylindrical electrode 20 having an electrode surface 20A that is sufficiently smaller than an inner surface 10A of the vacuum container 10, along the central axis. In the vacuum container 10, it is possible to realize any one of states among a first state of generating DC discharge by introducing Ar into the inside and setting the electrode surface 20A at a positive potential, a second state of setting the electrode surface 20A at a ground potential without introducing Ar, and a third state of generating DC discharge by introducing Ar into the inside and setting the electrode surface 20A at a negative potential. Evacuation by the vacuum component 1 is performed in the second state.

Abstract: To provide a functional membrane for ion beam transmission capable of enhancing ion beam transmittance and improving beam emittance. A functional membrane for ion beam transmission according to the present invention is used in a beam line device through which an ion beam traveling in one direction passes and has a channel. The axis of the channel is substantially parallel to the travel direction of the ion beam.

Abstract: A carbonate apatite highly containing carbonate groups, having excellent heavy metal adsorption capacity is provided. The carbonate apatite contains not less than 15.6% by weight carbonate groups, preferably contains at least one of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), strontium (Sr), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), iron (Fe), and sodium (Na), and preferably has a Ca/P molar ratio of not less than 1.5.

Abstract: An efficient method of producing a carbonate apatite is provided. The method comprises: a first step of calcining animal bone; and a second step of reacting a bone calcined product obtained in the first step with a basic carbonate compound.

Abstract: An optical-detection element includes a p-type supporting-layer, an n-type buried charge-generation region to implement a photodiode with the supporting-layer, a p-type shield region buried in the buried charge-generation region, a gate insulating-film contacted with the shield region, a transparent electrode on the gate insulating-film, a p-type well region buried in the supporting-layer, and an n+-type charge-readout region buried in the supporting-layer at an edge of the well region toward the buried charge-generation region.