Abstract: The electrolytic capacitor includes a capacitor body, the capacitor body including: a first end surface; a second end surface opposite to the first end surface; a bottom surface adjacent to the first end surface and the second end surface; a capacitor element including an anode line passing therethrough, a dielectric layer, and a cathode layer on the dielectric layer; and a sealing material covering the capacitor element, wherein the anode line has a first end exposed on the first end surface of the capacitor body, the electrolytic capacitor includes an anode external electrode on the first end surface of the capacitor body, the anode external electrode is connected to the first end of the anode line, the cathode layer is electrically led out to the bottom surface of the capacitor body, the electrolytic capacitor includes a cathode external electrode on the bottom surface of the capacitor body, and the cathode external electrode is electrically connected to the cathode layer.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes a columnar metal core material having a valve function, the metal core material having a first end surface and a second end surface opposed to the first end surface, at least one of the first end surface and the second end surface having an area larger than that of a cross section of a central portion of the metal core material in a lengthwise direction of the metal core material, and the metal core material having a surface partially provided with a porous layer including an oxide film; a cathode layer including a conductive polymer, the cathode layer being electrically connected to the porous layer, first external terminals electrically connected to the first end surface and the second end surface, respectively; and a second external terminal different in polarity from the first external terminals and electrically connected to the cathode layer.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes a plurality of linear conductors arranged in parallel and made of a valve action metal in which a dielectric layer is formed on a surface of the valve action metal; a conductive polymer layer covering the plurality of linear conductors and shared by linear conductors; a conductor layer covering conductive polymer layer; an anode terminal in contact with end faces of the plurality of linear conductors; and a cathode terminal electrically connected to conductor layer.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor that includes at least one capacitor element having a linear-shaped valve metal substrate that extends in an axial direction and includes a porous portion on a surface of a core portion, a dielectric layer on a surface of the porous portion, and a cathode layer on the dielectric layer; a cathode terminal including a recessed portion having an inner wall surface extending in the axial direction, the capacitor element is disposed in the recessed portion, and the cathode layer is electrically connected to the inner wall surface; an anode terminal electrically connected to the core portion of the capacitor element; and a sealing material covering the capacitor element.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member is used for an electrolytic capacitor, and formed in a wire shape. The electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member has an outer surface including at least one or more first cavity portions opened to outside, and at least one or more second cavity portions opened at least to the first cavity portions. The second cavity portions are smaller in opening diameter represented by a circle equivalent diameter than the first cavity portions.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member is included in an electrolytic capacitor. The electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member has a wire shape. The electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member includes a core portion and a porous layer located around the core portion. In a cross section of the electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member perpendicular to its axial direction, the porous layer includes a plurality of layers arranged concentrically from the core portion toward outside and at least including two layers having different void ratios.

Abstract: An equalization circuit system having a system configuration simplified through reduction of the total number of switches is provided. An electricity storage cell voltage equalization circuit is operated with a square wave voltage generated at a switching node in an electricity storage module voltage equalization circuit as an input voltage, thereby achieving an electricity storage cell voltage equalization circuit without a switch. Typically, the electricity storage cell voltage equalization circuit may be a resonance voltage-doubling rectifier circuit, and the electricity storage module voltage equalization circuit may be a switched capacitor, a resonance voltage-doubling rectifier circuit, a buck-boost converter or the like.

Abstract: A stereostructure includes a core portion, and a porous portion located around the core portion. The porous portion located inside a position which is inside from an outer edge of the porous portion by 3/20 of a diameter of the stereostructure in an arbitrary cross section of the stereostructure has a void ratio per unit area of less than or equal to 80%.

Abstract: Using the generally used coating method of an active material paste to a metal foil on a 3DF made the electrode properties instable due to residual air inside of the 3DF, and had the risk of causing micro short circuit of the battery due to metal fine powder and the like adhered to the 3DF and the 3DF exposed to the electrode surface. To solve the above-mentioned, the coating of the active material paste to the 3DF was made into a two-step coating process as shown below. Step one removes the air and fills the paste at the same time by applying the paste flow from one side of the 3DF (the first step coating process). Step two coats a new paste onto the surface of the electrode obtained by step one (the second step coating process).

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member is used for an electrolytic capacitor, and formed in a wire shape. The electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member has an outer surface including at least one or more first cavity portions opened to outside, and at least one or more second cavity portions opened at least to the first cavity portions. The second cavity portions are smaller in opening diameter represented by a circle equivalent diameter than the first cavity portions.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member is included in an electrolytic capacitor. The electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member has a wire shape. The electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member includes a core portion and a porous layer located around the core portion. In a cross section of the electrolytic capacitor-specific electrode member perpendicular to its axial direction, the porous layer includes a plurality of layers arranged concentrically from the core portion toward outside and at least including two layers having different void ratios.

Abstract: A stereostructure includes a core portion, and a porous portion located around the core portion. The porous portion located inside a position which is inside from an outer edge of the porous portion by 3/20 of a diameter of the stereostructure in an arbitrary cross section of the stereostructure has a void ratio per unit area of less than or equal to 80%.

Abstract: An equalization circuit system having a system configuration simplified through reduction of the total number of switches is provided. An electricity storage cell voltage equalization circuit is operated with a square wave voltage generated at a switching node in an electricity storage module voltage equalization circuit as an input voltage, thereby achieving an electricity storage cell voltage equalization circuit without a switch. Typically, the electricity storage cell voltage equalization circuit may be a resonance voltage-doubling rectifier circuit, and the electricity storage module voltage equalization circuit may be a switched capacitor, a resonance voltage-doubling rectifier circuit, a buck-boost converter or the like.

Abstract: A cathode foil for a solid electrolytic capacitor is designed to increase capacitance, reduce ESR and leakage current, enhance heat resistance, and reduce production costs, while enhancing a power density, realizing rapid charging-discharging, and improving a life property, in an electric energy storage element such as a secondary battery, an electric double layer capacitor and a hybrid capacitor. A cathode foil or a current collector may include a metal foil, a metal layer, a mixed layer containing carbon and a substance composing the metal layer in a mixed state, and a carbon layer consisting substantially of carbon, each formed on the metal foil. The mixed layer is configured to have a composition changing from a state containing substantially only the substance composing the metal layer to a state containing substantially only carbon, in a direction from the metal layer to the carbon layer.

Abstract: An electric energy storage system is designed to equally utilize electric energy storage banks during charging/discharging, and keep fluctuation of an input voltage from a charger or an output voltage to a load, within an arbitrary range, while equally utilizing the electric energy storage banks during charging/discharging. The electric energy storage system comprises an electric energy storage module, a charger, a balancing circuit, a voltage detection section, taps led out, respectively, from one of opposite terminals of the electric energy storage module and/or the other terminal of the electric energy storage module and/or one or more of series-connection points between the electric energy storage units, through respective switches, and a switch control section for switching the switches such that one of the taps is connected to one of opposite terminals of the charger. The switch control section is operable to sequentially switch the switches according to progress of the charging.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing a metal-made three-dimensional substrate, a metal foil is passed between a pair of rollers 21 and 22. Each surface S of a pair of the rollers 21 and 22 is provided with protrusion portions 23 arranged in a grid pattern, and the protrusion portions 23 are arranged so that protrusions 23 of the one roller 22 are oriented toward the center 27 of a virtual quadrangle having four adjacent protrusion portions 23a to 23d of the other roller 21 as the apices.

Abstract: An electric energy storage apparatus can generate an AC output in a low-loss and low-noise manner without using a DC-DC converter or an inverter. The electric energy storage apparatus comprises: an electric energy storage module group formed by connecting in series electric energy storage modules each comprising one or more electric energy storage elements; a balancing circuit electrically connected to the electric energy storage module group and configured to adjust a voltage to be applied to each of the electric energy storage modules; a first switch group comprising switches each in a path connecting a first terminal and a terminal of one of the series-connected electric energy storage modules; and a second switch group comprising switches each in a path connecting a second terminal and a terminal of one of the series-connected electric energy storage modules. The electric energy storage apparatus may perform a switch changeover in the switch groups.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a circuit for equalizing voltages of energy storage cells, with less number of element and simpler circuit configuration than ever before. A plurality of field-effect transistors are arranged such that each of a plurality of parallel circuits formed, in one of connection states attained by switching of the switches, by connecting in parallel energy storage cells to perform mutual charging and discharging, includes a field-effect transistor adapted to avoid blocking a current having one of opposite polarities in the each of the plurality of parallel circuits, and a field-effect transistor adapted to avoid blocking a current having the other polarity in the each of the plurality of parallel circuits. This makes it possible to perform a voltage equalization operation using a small number of transistors.

Abstract: A cathode foil for a solid electrolytic capacitor is designed to increase capacitance, reduce ESR and leakage current, enhance heat resistance, and reduce production costs, while enhancing a power density, realizing rapid charging-discharging, and improving a life property, in an electric energy storage element such as a secondary battery, an electric double layer capacitor and a hybrid capacitor. A cathode foil or a current collector may include a metal foil, a metal layer, a mixed layer containing carbon and a substance composing the metal layer in a mixed state, and a carbon layer consisting substantially of carbon, each formed on the metal foil. The mixed layer is configured to have a composition changing from a state containing substantially only the substance composing the metal layer to a state containing substantially only carbon, in a direction from the metal layer to the carbon layer.

Abstract: An electric energy storage apparatus can generate an AC output in a low-loss and low-noise manner without using a DC-DC converter or an inverter. The electric energy storage apparatus comprises: an electric energy storage module group formed by connecting in series electric energy storage modules each comprising one or more electric energy storage elements; a balancing circuit electrically connected to the electric energy storage module group and configured to adjust a voltage to be applied to each of the electric energy storage modules; a first switch group comprising switches each in a path connecting a first terminal and a terminal of one of the series-connected electric energy storage modules; and a second switch group comprising switches each in a path connecting a second terminal and a terminal of one of the series-connected electric energy storage modules. The electric energy storage apparatus may perform a switch changeover in the switch groups.