Abstract: A novel method for measuring a deposit point is provided, which makes it possible to quickly and accurately measure a cloud point. A test sample is irradiated at an angle of incidence .theta. with an incoming light beam which satisfies an expression .theta.<.theta..sub.2 while gradually cooling the test sample such as gas oil, and a totally reflected light beam from the test sample is detected for every temperature, provided that .theta..sub.2 represents a critical angle of total reflection of a deposit such as a paraffin component deposited when the test sample is cooled. The deposit point of the test sample is determined from a change in intensity of the totally reflected light beam with respect to the change in temperature. The light intensity distributions, detected by a sensor array at respective temperatures, are statistically processed to more accurately determine the deposit point.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a rotary type heat treatment device wherein, when a material to be sintered is continuously and stably sintered in a container, the material in the container is stably detected for a long period of time, and a temperature control method for the device. In order to perform temperature control with high accuracy, the inside of a container 6 is divided with screws 18 into temperatures control regions (1) through (6). Heat-resisting protective tubes 20, which are provided on the inner cylindrical wall of the container in such a manner that they are juxtaposed, and complementary thermocouples, are extended to the respective temperature control regions and are bent laterally. The temperature detecting sections 25 of the thermocouples that are led out of the protective pipes 20 are covered with heat-resisting material, and transmit electrical signals outside through a current collecting section consisting of a slip ring and brushes.

Abstract: An engine oil composition is composed of: (1) at least one oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil and a synthetic lubricant as a base oil; (2) a molybdenum dithiocarbamate in an amount of 50 to 2000 ppm by weight when calculated as molybdenum (Mo), relative to the total weight of the engine oil composition; (3) zinc dithiophosphate in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 wt % when calculated as phosphorus (P), relative to the total amount of the engine oil composition; and (4) an ashless organic polysulfide compound in an amount of 0.01 to 0.4 wt % when calculated as sulfur (S), relative to the total amount of the engine oil composition.

Abstract: A process for producing a semi-insulating InP single crystal and a semi-insulating InP single crystal are disclosed. The process comprises: a first step heat-treatment for heating an undoped InP single crystal having a concentration of a residual impurity of 0.05 ppmw or less containing at least one of Fe, Co and Cr, at a temperature of not less than 930.degree. C. and less than 1000.degree. C. in an atmosphere of phosphorous vapor pressure in the ampoule which is not less than a dissociation pressure of InP in equilibrium at the temperature and which is not more than 15 atm; and a second step heat-treatment for thereafter heating the InP single crystal at a temperature of not less than 662.degree. C. and less than 900.degree. C. in an atmosphere of phosphorous vapor pressure in the ampoule which is not less than 5 atm nor more than 50 atm. The semi-insulating InP single crystal substrate has a uniformity of mobility not more than 10% on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A technique to prevent peeling of deposits formed on the surface of the inner walls of the thin-film formation apparatus and the members inside the apparatus and to suppress particle production without contamination of the inside of the apparatus. A member for a thin-film formation apparatus having inner walls and a method for manufacturing the member is provided. A plurality of unevenness is provided on at least a portion of the surface of the member and the inner walls on which unnecessary thin films are deposited. The surfaces are subjected to masking, and then, etching processing to form the plurality of unevenness. After the etching processing the masking is removed.

Abstract: A process comprises forming ruthenium tetroxide by blowing ozone-containing gas into crude ruthenium powder while hypochlorous acid is being added to the powder, allowing a hydrochloric acid solution to absorb the ruthenium tetroxide, evaporating the solution to dryness, and roasting the RuOCl.sub.3 crystals thus obtained in a hydrogen atmosphere. Thus a high-purity ruthenium material for thin film deposition, typically sputtering targey, is obtained which contains less than 1 ppm each of alkali metal elements, less than 1 ppm each of alkaline earth metal elements, less than 1 ppm each of transition metal elements, less than 10 ppb each of radioactive elements, a total of less than 500 ppm of carbon and gaseous ingredient elements, the material having a purity of ruthenium of at least 99.995% excluding the gaseous ingredient elements.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel purine derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sup.2 and R.sup.9 are hydrocarbon groups, R.sup.6 is an amino group and R.sup.8 is a hydroxyl, or acyloxy group. These purine derivatives are effective at promoting secretion of interferon in patients, and can be used to treat diseases against which interferon is effective.

Abstract: An adhesion promoter composition containing a Zn, K, Al, Ti or Zr metal salt of an organic acid and at least one of a hydrous inorganic salt and an organic molybdenum compound. The adhesion promoter composition may be used to form an adherent rubber composition. The use of the adhesion promoter composition results in an adherent rubber composition which is stable and has a high adhesive force.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to prevent introduction of cracks or defects into the grown single crystal and to obtain a compound semiconductor single crystal having a good crystallinity and no cracks. In the method, after ZnTe polycrystalline raw material and Te solvent are put in a crucible 3, they are heated by a heater 1 to make a solution by dissolving the ZnTe polycrystalline raw material in the Te solvent. The solution is solidified to grow a ZnTe single crystal by using the Bridgman method or the gradient freeze method, and thereafter, the remaining Te solvent in the crucible 3 is removed out of the crucible 3 by evaporation, and then the grown crystal is taken out of the crucible 3.

Abstract: At least one intermetallic compound A.sub.m1 B.sub.n1 (n1/m1>n0/m0) having a constitutional ratio of a metal B higher than that of an intermetallic compound A.sub.m0 B.sub.n0 is melted two or more times in a high vacuum atmosphere by using an electron beam. The metal B is gradually evaporated in accordance with passage of melting time. Thus, the composition of the intermetallic compound can be adjusted to be A.sub.m0 B.sub.n0. NbAl.sub.3 and Nb.sub.2 Al are used as starting materials, which are heated to an approximately intermediate temperature between melting points of them to obtain a single-phase of Nb.sub.2 Al. Alternatively, Nb.sub.3 Al and Nb.sub.2 Al are used as starting materials, which are heated to an approximately intermediate temperature between melting points of them to obtain a single-phase of Nb.sub.3 Al. It is possible to perform purification for removing impurities, and it is easy to adjust the stoichiometric ratio of the intermetallic compound.

Abstract: Disclosed are hirudin analogs, a method of manufacture thereof, and anticoagulant compositions containing the same. Sequences Asp.sup.33 -Gly.sup.34 or Asp.sup.62 -Ala.sup.63 of naturally-occurring hirudins or their analogs were substituted as disclosed to suppress the formation of succinimide- or beta- forms, thereby yielding hirudin analogs with high stability, high anti-thrombin activity, and therapeutic potential as anticoagulants. Hirudin analogs having Val.sup.1 -Val.sup.2 of naturally-occurring hirudin substituted with Ile.sup.1 -Ile.sup.2 are preferred for their high antithrombiin activity. The invention also provides DNAs encoding the amino acid sequence of hirudin analogs, expression vectors, recombinant microogranisms, and a method of manufacturing hirudin analogs using recombinant microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel dipeptide compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which exhibits an excellent HIV protease inhibitory activity and an excellent bioavailability from digestive tracts, and an anti-AIDS agent comprising said dipeptide compound as an effective ingredient. ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 represents 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group wherein more than one carbon atom of said monocyclic hydrocarbon group is substituted with hetero atom. X represents methylene group (--CH.sub.2 --), chloromethylene group(--CH(Cl)--), oxygen atom sulfur atom or sulfonyl group (--SO.sub.2 --). R.sub.21 and R.sub.22 each represents hydrogen atom or aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-6 carbons. R.sub.3 represents aliphatic hydrocarbon group or monovalent group derived from aromatic monocyclic hydrocarbon having 1-6 carbons.

Abstract: A recording display medium is provided which can offer a high display contrast and is less likely to cause a lowering of contrast or disappearance of display even in low temperature and high temperature regions. A smectic liquid crystal composition, for use in the recording display medium, and use of the recording display medium are also provided. The liquid crystal composition comprises: at least one member selected from the group constituting of compounds represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 8 to 18 carbon atoms; and at least one member selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulae (II) to (VII): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 represent an alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.3, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, and R.sup.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel dipeptide compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which exhibits an excellent HIV protease inhibitory activity and an excellent bioavailability from digestive tracts, and an anti-AIDS agent comprising said dipeptide compound as an effective ingredient.General formula (I): ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 represents 5-membered or 6-membered monocyclic hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group wherein more than one carbon atom of said monocyclic hydrocarbon group is substituted with hetero atom. X represents methylene group (--CH.sub.2 --), chloromethylene group(--CH(Cl)--), oxygen atom sulfur atom or sulfonyl group (--SO.sub.2 --). R.sub.21 and R.sub.22 each represents hydrogen atom or aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1-6 carbons. R.sub.3 represents aliphatic hydrocarbon group or monovalent group derived from aromatic monocyclic hydrocarbon having 1-6 carbons.

Abstract: There is disclosed a lubricating oil for internal combustion engine which comprises:a mineral oil and/or a synthetic lubricating oil as a base oil, and oxymolybdenum dithiocarbamate sulfide expressed by the chemical formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 or R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 denote a branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group having not less than fourteen carbons, and R.sub.2 through R.sub.4 or R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 denote an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having not less than four carbons, in the amount of 0.005 to 0.2% by weight, when calculated as molybdenum (Mo).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic cell with high conversion efficiency, wherein a polycrystal CdTe layer with a large grain size can be formed by forming an indium oxide film (20) on a transparent conductive substrate having a transparent conductive film (2) as its surface layer, then forming an n-type CdS layer (3) and a p-type CdTe layer (4) thereon, then attaching cadmium chloride (CdCl.sub.2) on the p-type CdTe layer, and then annealing. The indium oxide film (20) is capable of relaxing strain caused at an interface between the transparent conductive film (2) and the n-type CdS layer (3), so that a good CdS/CdTe junction interface can be formed. The indium oxide film (20) can be formed by forming an indium film on the transparent conductive substrate and then annealing in oxygen containing atmosphere.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hirudin variants having high anti-thrombin and anti-platelet activity, methods for producing them, and anti-coagulants having said variants as active ingredients.Hirudin variants shown in formula (I) having tyrosine residues or having their hydroxyl group sulfated.Methods for producing hirudin variants by sulfating hydroxyl group of said tyrosine residues, and anti-coagulants having hirudin variants shown in formula (I) as active ingredients.Phe-Glu-A-Ile-Pro-D-Tyr(R) Tyr(R) (I)?In the formula, A represents Glu or Pro, R represents Glu, Tyr (R), Glu-Asp or Glu-Tyr(R), and (R) represents the hydroxy group or its sulfated ester (--O--SO.sub.3 H) of tyrosine residue.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hydroquinone derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the hydroquinone derivative being represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a phenyl group which is unsubstituted or substituted with a substituent or substituents each independently selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a C1-4 alkyl group and a C1-4 alkoxy group;R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group;each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 is independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group;R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group;each of R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 is independently a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group;P is a hydroxyl group;Q is a hydroxyl group, a C1-4 alkoxy group, a C1-18 acyloxy group or an oxo group;P may form together with Q an ether bond;R is a hydroxyl group, a C1-4 alkoxy group, a C1-18 acyloxy group or an oxo group, provided that when one of said Q and said R is an oxo group, the other is also an oxo group;X is a single bond, an --NR.sup.

Abstract: Using a thin plate seed crystal 10 having a different material from a bulk crystal to be grown and having a great diameter, before crystal growth is started, a temperature in the lower portion of a solution 12s in which material is solved into a solvent (or a melt 12m) is set to a higher temperature than the upper portion to cause convection so that the surface of seed crystal 10 is rinsed by the convection by keeping in the state for a predetermined period. Then, the crystal growth is started by the Bridgman method or gradient freezing method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pyrazole derivative represented by formula (I) or (II) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen C2-C6 alkyl benzyl or phenyl; each of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl or benzyl; each of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 is hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl, benzyl or phenyl;X is oxygen or sulfur;R.sup.5 is hydrogen, C2-C6 alkyl, C3-C6 alkenyl, C3-C8 cycloalkyl or benzyl when R.sup.1 is benzyl, R.sup.2 is ethyl, R.sup.3 is hydrogen, and R.sup.4 is hydrogen, and its pharmaceutical use.