Abstract: An antenna module embeds front end circuitry with an antenna. Adaptive matching circuitry external to the antenna module is electrically connected between the embedded front end circuitry and the embedded antenna.

Abstract: A method of organizing and ordering pulse width modulation image data is disclosed, so that it may be displayed on the pixels of a scrolling color display. The method includes a method of formatting received image data into a different form suitable for driving a pulse width modulated display and a method of distributing image data across a series of different image modulation segments to minimize flicker and gray scale errors. The method includes means for reducing lateral field effects between adjacent pixels in different data states.

Abstract: A display system which includes a display controller, a display unit, and a light source is disclosed. The display controller includes a processor unit, a memory device, a voltage source and, optionally, a light source control unit. The display unit includes an array of pixel cells and circuitry to receive logic and control voltages and data and operate the display, a transparent counter electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the two alignment layers. The pixel cell includes a storage element, a DC balance control switch, a pixel voltage override circuit, an inverter able to select between two voltages available to it, and a pixel electrode/mirror. In different modes of operation the pixel mirror voltage may be determined by the storage element or by the pixel voltage override circuit. The display system may display images in one period and reset to a fixed state in another period.

Abstract: A display device and modulation scheme for applying image data to an imager. The display may use a modulation scheme wherein spacing of row write actions on the rows creates gray scale modulation, wherein one row spacing between sequential row write actions is at a first distance while another row spacing between sequential row write actions is at a distance greater than said first distance. The modulation scheme may create a series of write pointers that create a corresponding series of write planes. In some embodiments, modulation efficiency is increased allowing the use of lower frequency imaging circuits to achieve the same display image.

Abstract: A display system which includes a display controller, a display unit, and a light source is disclosed. The display controller includes a processor unit, a memory device, a voltage source and, optionally, a light source control unit. The display unit includes an array of pixel cells and circuitry to receive logic and control voltages and data and operate the display, a transparent counter electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the two alignment layers. The pixel cell includes a storage element, a DC balance control switch, a pixel voltage override circuit, an inverter able to select between two voltages available to it, and a pixel electrode/mirror. In different modes of operation the pixel mirror voltage may be determined by the storage element or by the pixel voltage override circuit. The display system may display images in one period and reset to a fixed state in another period.

Abstract: A simplified pixel display includes a plurality of pixel electrodes, a plurality of storage elements, a single arbitrary voltage supply terminal, a second voltage supply terminal which may be either of the rail voltages of the display, a common electrode, and a plurality of externally controlled switches each selectively coupling an associated one of the pixel electrodes with one of the arbitrary voltage supply terminal and the second voltage supply terminal responsive to a value of a data bit stored in an associated one of said storage elements and to the state of the external control signal supplied to the switch.

Abstract: A method is provided for compensating for output nonuniformity on a display. The method comprises characterizing the display. The method further includes creating a set of data tables wherein one table provides data for compensation along vertical axes of the display and a second table provided data for compensation along horizontal axes of the display, and wherein components of the tables include a linear offset factor to correct data for nonuniformity and a slope factor which permits gray scale information to be recovered at points near the limits of the gray scale range. The characterizing step may include using a optical detector to obtain optical output information from the display. The slope factor may be calculated to preserve top end gray scale range of the display by adjusting luminous output so that input data level maps to separate output grey levels between a truncated and an untruncated level.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and pulse width modulating a display include receiving image data and generating pulse data to be written to rows of pixels in a display. The data include a pulse width modulated drive sequence that writes data to selected rows on a first phase of a clock and terminates a write operation on a different row on a second phase of the clock.