Abstract: A redox battery energy storage system including multiple energy storage stacks having multiple reactor cells is disclosed. Each of the energy storage stacks may include an integrated DC/DC converter configured to convert an output voltage of the stacks to a higher output voltage. The output of the DC/DC converts may be coupled in parallel to an energy storage system output bus. By configuring the energy storage system in this manner, inefficiencies and losses caused by shunt electrical currents in the systems may be decreased.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a vanadium redox battery that interfaces with a control system to optimize performance and efficiency. The control system calculates optimal pump speeds, electrolyte temperature ranges, and charge and discharge rates. The control system instructs the vanadium redox battery to operate in accordance with the prescribed parameters. The control system further calculates optimal temperature ranges and charge and discharge rates for the vanadium redox battery.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments of redox flow battery systems having modular reactant storage capabilities. Accordingly to various embodiments, a redox flow battery system may include an anolyte storage module configured to interface with other anolyte storage modules, a catholyte storage module configured to interface with other catholyte storage modules, and a reactor cell having reactant compartments in fluid communication with the anolyte and catholyte storage modules. By utilizing modular storage modules to store anolyte and catholyte reactants, the redox flow battery system may be scalable without significantly altering existing system components.

Abstract: A reactor assembly for a redox flow battery system is disclosed. The reactor assembly may include a plurality of outer frames, a plurality of inner frames, and a rib and channel interlock system integrated in the plurality of outer frames and the plurality of inner frames. In certain embodiments, the rib and channel interlock system may be configured to create a plurality of seal systems enclosing an outer circumference of an electrolyte compartment when the plurality of outer frames and the plurality of inner frames are compressed together in a stack configuration.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a vanadium redox battery that interfaces with a control system to optimize performance and efficiency. The control system calculates optimal pump speeds, electrolyte temperature ranges, and charge and discharge rates. The control system instructs the vanadium redox battery to operate in accordance with the prescribed parameters. The control system further calculates optimal temperature ranges and charge and discharge rates for the vanadium redox battery.

Abstract: An energy storage system includes a vanadium redox battery that interfaces with a control system to optimize performance and efficiency. The control system calculates optimal pump speeds, electrolyte temperature ranges, and charge and discharge rates. The control system instructs the vanadium redox battery to operate in accordance with the prescribed parameters. The control system further calculates optimal temperature ranges and charge and discharge rates for the vanadium redox battery.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments of redox flow battery systems having modular reactant storage capabilities. Accordingly to various embodiments, a redox flow battery system may include an anolyte storage module configured to interface with other anolyte storage modules, a catholyte storage module configured to interface with other catholyte storage modules, and a reactor cell having reactant compartments in fluid communication with the anolyte and catholyte storage modules. By utilizing modular storage modules to store anolyte and catholyte reactants, the redox flow battery system may be scalable without significantly altering existing system components.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to electrochemical energy storage systems. In particular, the present disclosure relates to particular systems and methods for providing a compact framework in which to house an electrochemical energy storage system. Various embodiments of electrochemical energy storage systems are disclosed that include a flow manifold and a flow manifold cover. The flow manifold may provide a plurality of channels for distributing liquid reactant to an electrical cell stack. The flow manifold may be utilized in conjunction with a flow manifold cover. The flow manifold cover may be configured to support a variety of components of a liquid reactant distribution system. Such components may include liquid reactant pump motors, inlet and outlet ports, a reference cell, and a variety of sensors. The distribution of liquid reactants to the cell stack from the inlet and outlet ports may be accomplished by way of the flow manifold cover.

Abstract: A vanadium redox battery energy storage system (“VRB-ESS”) capable of modularly incorporating additional electrolyte reservoirs to increase energy capacity while allowing for efficient low-volume operation is disclosed. The VRB-ESS of the present invention may efficiently operate using a first volume of electrolyte solution, while maintaining a second volume of electrolyte solution to be made available to the VRB-ESS as additional energy storage capacity is required. Additionally, a cap mechanism to allow the VRB-ESS of the present invention to employ an industry standard IBC container as a secondary electrolyte reservoir is disclosed.

Abstract: An electrochemical battery includes a plurality of cells, each cell including negative and positive compartments to contain electrolyte solution. A manifold includes an outer manifold plate coupled to an inner manifold plate to supply and return electrolyte solution to the compartments. Each manifold plate includes supply shunt passages to convey electrolyte solution to the cells and return shunt passages to receive electrolyte solution from the cells.

Abstract: An electrochemical battery includes a plurality of cells, each cell including negative and positive compartments to contain electrolyte solution. A manifold includes an outer manifold plate coupled to an inner manifold plate to supply and return electrolyte solution to the compartments. Each manifold plate includes supply shunt passages to convey electrolyte solution to the cells and return shunt passages to receive electrolyte solution from the cells.