Abstract: A controller structure for more than two drive units coupled mechanically to a movable element includes a position measuring device for determining an actual position of the movable element and a position controller for calculating a setpoint speed from a setpoint position and the actual position, the position measuring device and the position controller jointly serving all drive units. Each drive unit, however, has a speed controller of its own. The drive units are configured either as master or as slave, individual drive units also being able to assume both functions. A torque-master-slave controller ensures a compensation of the torques between the drive units.

Abstract: A device for interferential distance measurement that includes a light source that emits a light beam along a propagation direction and a scanning plate including a splitter that splits the light beam into a measurement beam and a reference beam. The device further including a reflector disposed spaced-apart in a direction of the propagation direction and a detector element. The measurement beam and the reference beam are propagated from the splitter along different optical paths toward the reflector, where a back reflection of the measurement beam and the reference beam occurs at the reflector toward the scanning plate. In addition, at a combining location the measurement beam and the reference beam attain interfering superposition, and wherein the measurement beam and the reference beam interfering at the combining location are detected by the detector element so that the detector element generates a distance signal regarding a distance between the scanning plate and the reflector.

Abstract: A closed-loop control structure for positioning a load with the aid of an electric motor includes a device for the active damping of unwanted, low-frequency vibrations. The closed-loop control structure has a position controller, a speed controller, and a current controller, which together, form a cascaded control loop. Damping signals which counteract unwanted, low-frequency vibrations are applied to the control loop, at least one first and one second damping signal of different phase angle being derived from a single sensor signal, and the first damping signal being injected between the position controller and the speed controller, and the second damping signal being injected between the speed controller and the current controller.

Abstract: A device for interferometrically determining the distance between two plates disposed substantially in parallel, includes a light source, beam-splitter element(s), reflector element(s), deflection elements, retroreflectors, and a detection unit. A beam of rays emitted by the light source falls on the first plate and splits into a reflected reference beam of rays and a transmitted measuring beam of rays. The measuring beam strikes a reflector on the second plate and undergoes a first reflection back toward the first plate. The reference beam traverses a first deflection element, and the measuring beam traverses a second deflection element. Both beams pass through a retroreflector. The reference beam is reflected at the first plate, and the measuring beam undergoes a second reflection at a reflector of the second plate, so that both beams propagate collinearly interferingly toward the detection unit, where a plurality of phase-shifted distance signals are generated.

Abstract: A probe system includes a probe and a transmission/reception element. The probe and the transmission/reception element are configured such that information is transmittable between them in wireless fashion via a radio signal. The transmission/reception element or the probe has two antennas, set apart from each other, for receiving the radio signal, so that the information received by the two antennas via the radio signal is able to be processed concurrently.

Abstract: A probe head includes a housing having a first housing unit to be affixed on a machine, and a second housing unit on which a stylus is supported so as to be deflectable. The second housing unit is movably supported on the first housing unit so as to allow a deflection. The probe head furthermore has a switching unit, which includes a first contact element and a second contact element, the contact elements being arranged such that when the second housing unit is deflected relative to the first housing unit, the contact elements are able to be brought into mutual contact at different points as a function of the direction of deflection, whereby an electrical switching signal is able to be triggered by this contact.

Abstract: A structural unit for a rotary encoder. The structural unit including a graduation carrier fastened to a mount that includes a recess and a positioning element fastened to the graduation carrier by a first material connection. The positioning element is disposed in the recess, and the recess is dimensioned such that the recess positions the positioning element in a radial direction without play. The structural unit further including a second material connection is provided between the graduation carrier and the mount.

Abstract: An optical position-measuring device for detecting the relative position of two objects includes a measuring standard connected to one object, and a scanning unit connected to the other object and including a light source, one or more grating(s), and a detector system. The detector system includes a plurality of detector element groups arranged in a detection plane, via which a plurality of position-dependent, phase-shifted scanning signals is able to be generated by scanning a periodic fringe pattern that results in the detection plane, the detector elements that have in-phase scanning signals forming a group in each case. The sum of the areas and the centroid of the detector elements of a group is identical to the sum of the areas and the centroid, respectively, of the detector elements of each other group. Periodic diaphragm structures are arranged in front of the light-sensitive areas of the detector elements.

Abstract: A method for checking position values using a monitoring unit to which position values of a position measuring device are supplied at time intervals of a query interval, includes: calculating a movement value from at least two position values and the time interval of their arrival; calculating an expected value for a position value to be checked that follows the at least two position values, by adding the most recent of the at least two position values and a change in position that results from the movement value and the time until the position value to be checked arrives; determining a position expectation interval from the expected value and a maximum position interval; comparing the position value to be checked to the position expectation interval; and outputting a signal that indicates the result of the comparison.

Abstract: A rotary encoder includes a housing and a shaft, which has an axis. A graduated disk is fixed in place on the shaft in torsionally fixed manner. The shaft is adapted for the positionally accurate attachment to a first machine part. Furthermore, a scanning device for scanning the graduated disk is fixed in place on the housing, the housing being arranged such that an outer surface forms a positionally accurate rigid stop on a second machine part in the radial direction. The housing includes a housing body and a cover, the housing body and the cover being connected to each other by press-fitting. The housing has a mechanically flexible element which is deformed as a result of the press-fitting.

Abstract: A length measuring instrument that includes a hollow profile section extending in a longitudinal direction, wherein the hollow profile section includes a slot extending in the longitudinal direction and covered by sealing elements. A scale is disposed inside the hollow profile section, wherein the scale includes a measurement graduation which can be scanned by a scanning unit. An end piece is connected to the hollow profile section, wherein the end piece closes the hollow profile section on an end of the hollow profile section, the end piece including an insertion region with which the hollow profile section plunges into the hollow profile section. The length measuring instrument includes a clamping piece that connects the end piece to the hollow profile section, wherein the clamping piece spans the slot and which on two sides of the slot fixes the hollow profile section to the insertion region of the end piece.

Abstract: A length measuring device for measuring a position in a measuring direction of a first object and a second object displaceable relative to one another. The device includes a hollow profile, a scale and a fastening element. The fastening element includes a first portion designed to fix the scale in stationary fashion in a measuring direction and to fix the first portion in stationary fashion in the measuring direction on the first object to be measured. The fastening element also includes a second portion with which the fastening element is fastened on the hollow profile. The length measuring device further includes a length compensation element provided between the first portion and the second portion of the fastening element, wherein the length compensation element is embodied for enabling motion of the first portion relative to the second portion in the measuring direction.

Abstract: An optical position measuring instrument including a scanning plate and a scale, wherein the scale and the scanning plate are movable relative to one another. The optical position measuring instrument including a grating and a light source that emits a beam toward the grating, wherein the grating receives the beam and splits the beam into two partial beams with orthogonal polarization states. The optical position measuring instrument including a polarizer being arranged in beam paths of the two partial beams, wherein the polarizer has a structure to generate polarization effects on the two partial beam striking the polarizer that are periodically variable, wherein a polarization period of the periodically variable polarization effects is greater than a graduation period of the grating. The two partial beams being reunified into a resultant beam. A detection unit that receives the resultant beam and generates a plurality of displacement-dependent scanning signals.

Abstract: A position-measuring device is used to detect the relative position of two machine components that are disposed in a manner allowing movement relative to each other at least along a first and a second main direction of motion in a displacement plane. The device includes at least one measuring standard, which is mounted on a first machine component. At least six scanning units are mounted on a second machine component, and are used for the optical scanning of the measuring standard in at least two measuring directions in the displacement plane. At least two scanning units are assigned to each measuring direction. The scanning units of each respective measuring direction in the displacement plane are disposed non-centrosymmetrically in relation to a center of the second machine component.

Abstract: A revolution counter including sensors, which generate position values that define an angular position of a shaft, and a determination unit that receives the position values and generates decision signals therefrom, wherein the decision signals determine counting sectors. The revolution counter includes a counting control unit that receives the counting sectors, and operates the revolution counter in a first mode or a second mode of operation. The counting control unit switches over to the second mode, if after a length of time no change in one of the counting sectors takes place, and switches over to the first mode if a change in one of the counting sectors does take place. The determination unit determines an uncertainty range between each pairing of the counting sectors. The counting control unit does not take the uncertainty ranges into account for the switchover from the second mode to the first mode.

Abstract: A method for mounting a substrate of a measurement graduation and a scanning head of a position measuring system on a first machine part and a second machine part. The method including fastening a substrate of a measurement graduation and a scanning head on first and second portions, respectively, of a mounting aid. The method including adjusting a location of the first portion relative to the second portion in a first degree of freedom that differs from a measurement direction in which a relative position of the first machine part relative to the second machine part is to be measured. The method including fastening the substrate and the scanning head on the first and second machine parts, respectively, at the mounting position. The method further including removing the mounting aid.

Abstract: A component assembly including a carrier element including a first contact face and a semiconductor component disposed on the carrier element, wherein the semiconductor component includes a second contact face. The component assembly further includes a contact-making bonding wire, wherein one end of the contact-making bonding wire is connected to the first contact face and a second end of the contact-making bonding wire is connected to the second contact face. The component assembly includes a flow stop bonding wire positioned on the second contact face, wherein the flow stop bonding wire defines on the second contact face a first zone and a second zone. An encapsulation material is applied from the first zone to the first contact face so as to define an encapsulation for the flow stop bonding wire, wherein the flow stop bonding wire prevents an uncontrolled flow of the encapsulation material into the second zone.

Abstract: A measuring device for the high-precision optical determination of distance or position includes a light source, at least one optical functional element in the form of a plane mirror or a measuring standard, and a detector system. At least two sub-beams are generated, of which at least one impinges on the functional element at least three times before the sub-beams propagate, interferingly superposed, in the direction of the detector system, via which at least one phase-encoded measuring signal is able to be generated from the superposed sub-beams. Between the impingements on the optical functional element, the sub-beam passes through at least two imaging elements, the imaging elements having imaging factors such that no location and directional shear of the interfering sub-beams results in the event the optical functional element tilts out of its setpoint position.

Abstract: A rotary position measuring instrument that includes a light source and a graduated disk having a measuring standard. The rotary position measuring instrument including an optoelectronic detector assembly, wherein the graduated disk is rotatable relative to the light source and the detector assembly about an axis of rotation, wherein rotary-angle-dependent position signals are detectable via the detector assembly. The light source is spaced apart from the measuring standard by a first distance, and the detector assembly is disposed at a second distance from the measuring standard, wherein the second distance is different than the first distance. The graduated disk includes an optical element, which has an optical effect that results in a projecting an image of the light source into a position which has a third distance from the measuring standard, wherein the third distance is different than the first distance.

Abstract: A guide having passive gravity compensation via a magnet assembly for guiding a first body relative to a second body in a vertical direction has a spring guide which allows movements between a first and second body in the vertical direction and blocks the same in all other directions. The first body is connected to a first magnet and the second body to a second magnet.