Abstract: An oxidation catalyst for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprises a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof; a Group 8 metal or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material, which comprises alumina, silica, a mixed oxide of alumina and a refractory oxide, a mixed oxide of silica and a refractory oxide, a composite oxide of alumina and a refractory oxide, a composite oxide of silica and a refractory oxide, alumina doped with a refractory oxide or silica doped with a refractory oxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a palladium(II) complex of formula (1). R12, m, and X are described in the specification. The invention also provides a process for the preparation of the complex, and its use in carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom coupling reactions.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate; and a first catalytic region on the substrate; wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, wherein the first PGM component comprises PGM nanoparticles, wherein the PGM nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 1 to about 20 nm with a standard deviation (SD) no more than 1 nm.

Abstract: A catalytic article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a first catalytic region beginning at the inlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first palladium component and a first oxygen storage capacity (OSC) material comprising ceria; a second catalytic region beginning at the outlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the second catalytic region comprises a second palladium component and a second OSC material comprising ceria; a third catalytic region beginning at the outlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the third catalytic region comprises a third rhodium component and a third OSC material comprising ceria; wherein at least a portion of the first catalytic region is not covered by the second catalytic region and/or the third catalytic region; and wherein (a) the ceria amount in the first catalytic region is less than 50% of the total ceria amount in the first, second, and third catalytic reg

Abstract: An apparatus for determining the identity, location, or level of one or more material phases or the location of an interface between two material phases within a defined volume having, a linear array of units configured to generate and detect electromagnetic radiation; an elongate enclosure containing the array of units, being at least partially transparent to the electromagnetic radiation generated by the units; the apparatus being configured to be at least partially submerged within the one or more material phases within the defined volume, the linear array of units being configured to generate transmission signals through the at least partially transparent elongate enclosure to the one or more material phases surrounding the enclosure at locations along the length of the enclosure, and to receive return signals through the elongate enclosure at locations along the length of the enclosure from the one or more material phases surrounding the enclosure.

Abstract: The present invention provides an iron-loaded aluminosilicate zeolite having a maximum pore opening defined by eight tetrahedral atoms and having the framework type CHA, AEI, AFX, ERI or LTA, wherein the iron (Fe) is present in a range of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 wt. % based on the total weight of the iron-loaded aluminosilicate zeolite, wherein an ultraviolet-visible absorbance spectrum of the iron-loaded synthetic aluminosilicate zeolite comprises a band at approximately 280 nm, wherein a ratio of an integral, peak-fitted ultraviolet-visible absorbance signal measured in arbitrary units (a.u.) for the band at approximately 280 nm to an integral peak-fitted ultraviolet-visible absorbance signal measured in arbitrary units (a.u.) for a band at approximately 340 nm is >about 2.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for monitoring a diesel generator system that includes a DPF filter in order to provide a highly efficient approach for monitoring the status of a DPF filter in order to determine if a regeneration is required. The methods and systems not only permit the ongoing determination of when a regeneration is appropriate in order to prevent excessive engine backpressure, but also accomplish this objective in a manner that reduces fuel consumption over the course of engine use.

Abstract: A method of coating a substrate with a foam is described. The method comprises: (a) introducing a foam into a substrate comprising a plurality of channels through open ends of the channels at a first end of the substrate; and (b) applying at least one of (i) a vacuum to open ends of the channels at a second end of the substrate and (ii) a pressure to the open ends of the channels at the first end of the substrate; wherein the foam comprises a particulate material, and wherein the foam is particle stabilized.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; a first catalytic region comprising a first platinum group metal (PGM) component and a first oxygen storage capacity (OSC) material, wherein the first OSC material has a fresh specific surface area (SSA) of at least 10 m2/g; and wherein the first OSC material has an SSA difference of no more than 30 m2/g between the fresh first OSC material and the aged first OSC material.

Abstract: A battery management system for a battery comprising at least one lithium sulphur battery cell. The battery management system comprising: a charging module operable to charge a lithium sulphur battery cell of the battery by delivering a pulsed charging current to the battery cell and to vary the duty cycle of the pulsed charging current so as to reduce the duty cycle of the pulsed charging current during charging of the battery cell.

Abstract: Methods and compositions related to a selective catalytic reduction catalyst comprising iron and vanadium, wherein the vanadium is present as (1) one or more vanadium oxides, and (2) metal vanadate of the form FexMyVO4 where x=0.2 to 1 and y=1?x, and where M comprises one or more non-Fe metals when y>0.

Abstract: A process for synthesising methanol is described comprising the steps of (i) passing a feed gas comprising a make-up gas containing hydrogen and carbon dioxide to a methanol synthesis loop, (ii) recovering a product gas mixture containing methanol from the methanol synthesis loop, (iii) cooling the product gas mixture to below the dew point to condense crude methanol, (iv) separating the crude methanol from an unreacted gas mixture, (v) passing a portion of the unreacted gas mixture to the methanol synthesis loop and (vi) recovering a portion of the unreacted gas mixture as a purge gas stream, characterised by contacting the crude methanol and a portion of the purge gas in a stripping unit to strip dissolved gases from the crude methanol thereby forming a stripped crude methanol and an enriched gas mixture, and feeding at least a portion of the enriched gas mixture to the methanol synthesis loop.

Abstract: Provided is a catalytic washcoat having a catalyst component and an alumina binder, wherein the catalyst component includes an aluminosilicate molecular sieve having a beta (BEA) and/or chabazite (CHA) framework, and about 1 to about 10 weight percent of a base metal component comprising iron and/or copper, wherein said weight percent is based on the weight of the aluminosilicate molecular sieve.

Abstract: A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end, an outlet end with an axial length L; an inlet catalyst layer beginning at the inlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the inlet catalyst layer comprises an inlet palladium component; an outlet catalyst layer beginning at the outlet end and extending for less than the axial length L, wherein the outlet catalyst layer comprises an outlet rhodium component; and wherein the outlet catalyst layer overlaps with the inlet catalyst layer.

Abstract: A packaging film is described comprising at least one polymer film layer in which particles of a small-pore or a medium-pore palladium-doped zeolite are dispersed. Such films are of particular utility for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds, such as those originating from organic matter.

Abstract: A passive NOx adsorber is disclosed. The passive NOx adsorber is effective to adsorb NOx at or below a low temperature and release the adsorbed NOx at temperatures above the low temperature. The passive NOx adsorber comprises a noble metal and a molecular sieve having an LTL Framework Type. The invention also includes an exhaust system comprising the passive NOx adsorber, and a method for treating exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine utilizing the passive NOx adsorber.

Abstract: A reactor having a shell comprising one or more reactor tubes located within the shell, said reactor tube or tubes comprising a plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst; means for providing a heat transfer fluid to the reactor shell such that the heat transfer fluid contacts the tube or tubes; an inlet for providing reactants to the reactor tubes; and an outlet for recovering products from the reactor tubes; wherein the plurality of catalyst receptacles containing catalyst within a tube comprises catalyst receptacles containing catalyst of at least two configurations.

Abstract: Provided herein is an apparatus for determining a vertical density profile of a multi-layered fluid column including at least two different liquids, the apparatus comprising a plurality of measurement modules that form a vertical array of measurement modules; wherein each measurement module comprises: a support arm mounted to the elongate vertical support member and extending outwardly from the elongate vertical support member; a displacer carried on the support arm; and a force measurement device configured to measure a force attributable to a mass of the displacer mediated by a buoyancy of the displacer in the fluid column, wherein the plurality of measurement modules have a data connection to a data processing unit that is configured to process the measurement data from the plurality of measurement modules and generate a level or density profile of the fluid column.

Abstract: A catalyst composition for treating an exhaust gas, the catalyst composition comprising a molecular sieve, the molecular sieve comprising exchanged copper and exchanged manganese.

Abstract: A vehicular exhaust filter comprising a porous substrate having an inlet face and an outlet face with the porous substrate comprising inlet channels extending from the inlet face and outlet channels extending from the outlet face is disclosed. The inlet channels and the outlet channels are separated by a plurality of filter walls having a porous structure. The vehicular exhaust filter is loaded with a refractory powder having a tapped density before loading of less than 0.10 g/cm3 and the vehicular exhaust filter has a mass loading of the refractory powder of less than 10 g/l.