Abstract: An ink drying process includes exhausting gas from atmosphere surrounding a substrate and drying ink through placing the substrate in a predefined pressure or less to form organic functional layers. Exhausting of gas includes: reducing, during a first period, pressure of the atmosphere from standard atmospheric pressure to a first pressure higher than vapor pressure of solvent having the highest vapor pressure among solvents of the ink; and subsequently reducing, during a second period, the pressure of the atmosphere to a second pressure lower than vapor pressure of solvent having the lowest vapor pressure among the solvents. Where pressure of the atmosphere is 10x Pa (X indicating a real number), a change amount average of X per unit time has a greater absolute value during the second period than during the first period.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a substrate, a semiconductor layer, a first gate insulating film, a second gate insulating film, and a gate electrode. The semiconductor layer is provided in a selective region of the substrate. The first gate insulating film is provided in the selective region of the substrate and covers a surface of the semiconductor layer. The second gate insulating film extends across opposite sides of the first gate insulating film along a channel width direction and covers the first gate insulating film that covers the semiconductor layer. The gate electrode faces the semiconductor layer across the second gate insulating film.

Abstract: An EL display apparatus is provided. A display screen includes pixels arranged in a matrix, with each pixel including an EL device and a pixel circuit. A source driver circuit is configured to output an analog video signal to each pixel. A gate driver circuit is on at least one side of the display screen, with the gate driver circuit including first and second gate driver circuits. Each pixel includes a driving transistor, a first switch transistor, and a second switch transistor. A gate terminal of the first switch transistor is connected to a first gate signal line of the first gate driver circuit, and a gate terminal of the second switch transistor is connected to a second gate signal line of the second gate driver circuit. The first and second switch transistors are on/off controlled, independently, by the first and second gate driver circuits.

Abstract: A display apparatus including: a display region provided with a plurality of pixel portions; wires installed to the respective pixel portions within the display region from an outside of the display region for transmitting a signal to drive the respective pixel portions; connection pads provided on the outside of the display region and serving as input portions to provide the wires with a signal while electrically conducting with the wires; switch elements provided on the outside of the display region in a middle of the wires; and a light shielding covering portion shielding the switch elements from light and formed to cover the connection pads while electrically conducting with the connection pads.

Abstract: An EL display apparatus is provided. A display screen includes pixels arranged in a matrix, with each pixel including an EL device and a pixel circuit. A source driver circuit is configured to output an analog video signal to each pixel. A gate driver circuit is on at least one side of the display screen, with the gate driver circuit including first and second gate driver circuits. Each pixel includes a driving transistor, a first switch transistor, and a second switch transistor. A gate terminal of the first switch transistor is connected to a first gate signal line of the first gate driver circuit, and a gate terminal of the second switch transistor is connected to a second gate signal line of the second gate driver circuit. The first and second switch transistors are on/off controlled, independently, by the first and second gate driver circuits.

Abstract: A display device includes a flexible substrate, a self-luminescent element, and a support member. The flexible substrate has a first face and a second face opposed to the first face. The self-luminescent element is provided on the first face of the flexible substrate. The support member includes a magnetic material and is provided on the second face of the flexible substrate.

Abstract: An organic EL display panel including pixel electrodes above a substrate in a matrix, column banks above the substrate at least between edges of the pixel electrodes in a row direction, extending in a column direction and side-by-side in the row direction, organic light emitting layers continuous in the column direction in gaps between the column banks, and a counter electrode layer above the organic light emitting layers. Width in the row direction of the organic light emitting layers, which is defined by width of the gaps between the column banks, changes at intervals in the column direction. For each of the light emitting layers, a minimum interval is equal to or less than a pitch in the column direction of the pixel electrodes and the changes are different from others of the light emitting layers.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element includes, in order, an anode, an organic layer including a light-emitting layer, and a cathode. The organic layer further includes a first organic layer that is provided between the light-emitting layer and the anode, and includes a hole transport layer. The hole transport layer includes a material having an absorption coefficient of 0.01 or greater and 0.06 or less. The light-emitting layer has a light-emitting center receding from a first interface of the light-emitting layer by a thickness greater than 0 and equal to or less than 0.4, where the light-emitting layer has a thickness of 1. The first interface is adjacent to the anode. The organic electroluminescent element further includes a microcavity structure in which the position of the interface is a resonance point.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence (EL) display panel includes a substrate; first electrodes spaced away from each other and arrayed in rows and columns above the substrate; light-emitting layers including organic light-emitting material and disposed above the first electrodes; a second electrode disposed above the light-emitting layers; a first protection layer including resin and disposed above the second electrode but not within an auxiliary region which, in plan view, extends in a column direction between ones of the first electrodes that are adjacent in a row direction across the substrate; a second protection layer including inorganic material and disposed above the first protection layer and the second electrode; and an auxiliary electrode layer extending in the column direction within the auxiliary region and electrically connecting to the second electrode through a contact opening in the first protection layer within the auxiliary region.

Abstract: A display panel includes a planarization layer, self-luminous elements, a first wiring line, a second wiring line, and a sensing wiring line. The first wiring line is coupled to the first electrode layer through a first opening of the planarization layer. The second wiring line is coupled to the second electrode layer through a second opening of the planarization layer. The sensing wiring line is provided in a region and is electrically separated from the first electrode layer, the second electrode layer, the first wiring line, and the second wiring line. The region is positioned in the same layer as the first electrode layer, in the same layer as the second wiring line, or in a layer disposed between the first electrode layer and the second wiring line, and is positioned between the first electrode layer and the second opening.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-emitting layer-forming ink useful in forming an organic light-emitting layer for an organic EL element by a printing process, including a tetralin-based organic solvent, and a solute including an anthracene-based, low molecular material and dissolved at a concentration of 3% or higher and 12% or lower in the tetralin-based organic solvent.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescent element obtained by stacking an anode, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode in that order, the organic electroluminescent element including an electron injection control layer in contact with both the light emitting layer and the electron transport layer, in which the light emitting layer contains a fluorescent material as a luminescent material, a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of a functional material contained in the electron injection control layer is higher than a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of a functional material contained in the electron transport layer by 0.1 eV or higher, and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of the functional material contained in the electron injection control layer is equal to or higher than a lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of a functional material contained in the light emitting layer.

Abstract: An organic EL element includes: an anode; a light-emitting layer that is disposed above the anode; a first interlayer that is disposed on the light-emitting layer; a second interlayer that is disposed on the first interlayer; a functional layer that is disposed on the second interlayer; and a cathode that is disposed above the functional layer. The first interlayer includes a fluorine compound including a first metal that is an alkali metal or an alkaline-earth metal. The second interlayer includes a second metal that has a property of cleaving a bond between the first metal and fluorine in the fluorine compound. The functional layer has at least one of an electron transport property and an electron injection property. A thickness D1 of the first interlayer and a thickness D2 of the second interlayer satisfy 3%?D2/D1?25%.

Abstract: A display unit includes a display panel, a photochromic layer, and an ultraviolet absorption layer. The photochromic layer is configured to be colored by ultraviolet light and be decolored or color-faded by visible light. The display panel includes an image display surface with a plurality of pixels. The pixels are provided below the image display surface and each include an organic light-emitting layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence composition including two or more compounds each having a specific structure combining a hole transporting ability and an electron transporting ability; an organic electroluminescence composition including one or more compounds each having a specific structure combining a hole transporting ability and an electron transporting ability and a different compound having an electron transporting skeleton; and a material for organic electroluminescence devices, a solution of a material for organic electroluminescence devices and an organic electroluminescence device, each including the aromatic heterocyclic derivative.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence (EL) display panel having pixels arranged in a matrix of rows and columns includes: a substrate; pixel electrode layers that are made of a light-reflective material and are arranged on the substrate in the matrix; an insulating layer that is provided above the substrate and the pixel electrode layers; organic functional layers that are provided above the pixel electrode layers; and a light-transmissive counter electrode layer that is provided above the organic functional layers, wherein the insulating layer has a first opening and second openings for each of the pixel electrode layers, the first opening being elongated in a column direction, the second openings each being shorter than the first opening in the column direction and being lined up adjacent to the first opening, and the organic functional layers include light-emitting layers in which organic electroluminescence occurs in the first opening and the second openings.

Abstract: A display unit includes a substrate that includes an organic insulating material and a plurality of micro conductors dispersed in the organic insulating material; a semiconductor element provided on the substrate; and a display element layer that is provided on a side opposite to the substrate with respect to the semiconductor element. The display element layer includes a display surface and a plurality of display element that is driven to perform image displaying on the display surface by the semiconductor element.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic electroluminescence display panel includes: forming pixel electrodes in matrix on a substrate; arranging column banks extending in column direction above the substrate along row direction, the banks each being between adjacent pixel electrodes in the row direction; applying ink containing organic light emitting material to gaps between adjacent banks, the applied ink being continuous in the column direction; reducing pressure of atmosphere including the substrate to first pressure while positioning a rectifying plate at first distance from upper surface of the substrate, the plate covering region with the ink applied on the substrate; reducing, after the reducing, the pressure to second pressure, which is lower than the first pressure, or lower while positioning the plate at second distance, which is greater than the first distance, from the surface; heating the substrate to form organic functional layer; and forming counter electrode above the functional layer.

Abstract: A display unit which can realize reduction in thickness and weight of the display unit by omitting a void between a touch panel and a display panel, and its manufacturing method. Whole faces of the touch panel and the display panel are directly bonded together with an adhesive layer in between. The display panel has a structure wherein a driving substrate in which organic light emitting devices are formed and a sealing substrate are bonded together with an adhesive layer in between.

Abstract: An EL display apparatus is provided. A display screen includes pixels arranged in a matrix, with each pixel including an EL device and a pixel circuit. A source driver circuit is configured to output an analog video signal to each pixel. A gate driver circuit is on at least one side of the display screen, with the gate driver circuit including first and second gate driver circuits. Each pixel includes a driving transistor, a first switch transistor, and a second switch transistor. A gate terminal of the first switch transistor is connected to a first gate signal line of the first gate driver circuit, and a gate terminal of the second switch transistor is connected to a second gate signal line of the second gate driver circuit. The first and second switch transistors are on/off controlled, independently, by the first and second gate driver circuits.