Abstract: The present disclosure provides a hypoglycemia prediction algorithm (HPA) specifically designed for the unique postprandial glycemic patterns characteristic of PBH. This algorithm can predict impending hypoglycemia by performing a series of steps. The steps can include collecting data from at least one sensor. The data can comprise a concentration of glucose in the bloodstream of a subject. The data can be processed using the HPA and impending glucose concentrations can be calculated. The method can then provide for determining whether the predicted glucose concentrations are lower than a hypoglycemic threshold parameter. In response to determining that the predicted glucose concentrations are lower than the hypoglycemic threshold parameter, the method can provide for enacting an impending hypoglycemia protocol.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to compositions produced from Parabacteroides goldsteintii and their use to treat or prevent inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This disclosure also relates to treatment or prevention of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by administering an A2a adenosine receptor agonist.

Abstract: Compositions of genetically modified beta-like cells are encompassed. Also encompassed are methods of treatment of type 1 diabetes using these compositions or compositions that inhibit the function of the identified genes.

Abstract: The invention includes methods and compositions for treating a metabolic disorder, such as metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemia and associated disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. The invention includes a method of treating a human subject comprising administering 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-diHOME) to the subject. The invention also includes methods and compositions for treating disorders and conditions that would benefit from skeletal muscle fatty acid uptake and oxidation, increased mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle and/or enhanced exercise capacity.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods of diagnosing and predicting renal disease, using one, two, or more biomarkers, including sTN-FR1, sTNFR2, sFAS, TNF, and IL-6.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions including an inhibitor of extracellular human metallothionein (MT) and a pancreatic targeting moiety linked to the inhibitor of extracellular human MT.

Abstract: Compositions of genetically modified beta-like cells are encompassed. Also encompassed are methods of treatment of type 1 diabetes using these compositions or compositions that inhibit the function of the identified genes.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of exosome delivery systems. In particular, compositions comprising adipose-derived exosomes that may be used as a delivery system are encompassed. The exosome delivery system can be used to deliver exogenous cargo such as miRNA and other inhibitory RNAs, as well as proteins, to target cells in a subject.

Abstract: The invention includes methods and compositions for treating a metabolic disorder, such as metabolic syndrome, hyperlipidemia and associated disorders, such as obesity and diabetes. The invention includes a method of treating a human subject comprising administering 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid (12,13-diHOME) to the subject. Further provided is the use of 12,13-diHOME as a biomarker for identifying brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation in human subjects.

Abstract: The technology described herein is directed to compositions and methods for enhancing exercise endurance. In some embodiments of any of the aspects, a composition comprises a Veillonella probiotic bacteria. In some embodiments of any of the aspects, Veillonella probiotic bacteria and or propionate is administered to a patient in need thereof. In some embodiments of any of the aspects, a composition comprises a probiotic bacteria engineered to express genes encoding enzymes sufficient to metabolize the conversion of lactate into short-chain fatty acids comprising one or more of propionate and acetate.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions relating to molecular targets identified as being capable of increasing or decreasing thermogenic potential in cells, including preadipocytes. Included in the invention are methods and compositions relating to inhibiting or suppressing the activity of an uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) negative regulator, such as cardiac actin 1 (ACTC1), somatostatin receptor 1 (SSTR1), FAT atypical cadherin 1 (FAT1), and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type B (PTPRB). Also included in the invention are methods and compositions relating to activating a UCP1 positive regulator, such as phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchange factor 1 (PREX1), cortactin binding protein 2 (CTTNBP2), doublesex and mab-3-related transcription factor-like family A1 (DMRTA1), and endothelin receptor type B (ENDRB). The invention also provides methods and compositions relating to enrichment of cells having thermogenic potential based on cell surface markers, e.g.

Abstract: Chimeric receptors featuring major histocompatibility molecules grafted onto T cell receptor molecules and surrogate co-receptors featuring cell surface receptor ligands fused with signaling molecule domains. The chimeric receptors can be used to redirect cells, altering their specificity. T cells expressing chimeric receptors may bind to ICRs of target T cells for which their chimeric receptors are specific. Surrogate co-receptors may be used to help enhance TCR-CD3 signaling as part of this modular receptor system. The chimeric receptors and surrogate coreceptors may be used to help eliminate autoreactive T cells or program T cells to desired effector functions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are exosomal sorting motifs and cellular retention motifs for microRNAs. Methods of use for directing miRNA to exosomes or retaining miRNA in cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: Post-bariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) is an increasingly-recognized complication of gastric bypass surgery. Current therapeutic options have suboptimal efficacy. Small doses of stable liquid glucagon can be used to treat or prevent post-bariatric hypoglycemia.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for the treatment and monitoring the progress of autoimmune diseases. In some embodiments, the methods include the stimulation of regulatory T cells specific to autoantigens associated with the autoimmune disease. A specific embodiment relates to diabetes mellitus, and the prevention or delay of loss of residual ?-cell mass, providing a longer remission period and delaying the onset of diabetes related, progressive, complications through immunotherapeutic induction of regulatory T cells specific for human insulin B chain. In addition, the methods described herein can be used to predict whether a subject, e.g., a subject with ongoing anti-insulin autoimmunity, will progress to T1DM, and to evaluate a subject's response to a therapeutic intervention.

Abstract: The present invention is related to methods and compositions effective in regulating glycemic control in subject individuals in need of the regulation of glycemic control. Said individuals may have diabetes or be prediabetic condition receive therapeutically effective amounts of identified secreted proteins in an amount suitable for modulating glycemic control and to thereby treat or prevent diabetes in said subject.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods of diagnosing and predicting renal disease, using one, two, or more biomarkers, including sTN-FR1, sTNFR2, sFAS, TNF, and IL-6.

Abstract: Compositions of genetically modified beta-like cells are encompassed. Also encompassed are methods of treatment of type 1 diabetes using these compositions or compositions that inhibit the function of the identified genes.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods of diagnosing and predicting renal disease, using one, two, or more biomarkers, including sTN-FR1, sTNFR2, sFAS, TNF, and IL-6.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of exosome delivery systems. In particular, compositions comprising adipose-derived exosomes that may be used as a delivery system are encompassed. The exosome delivery system can be used to deliver exogenous cargo such as miRNA and other inhibitory RNAs, as well as proteins, to target cells in a subject.