Abstract: A system that processes single stream multicast data includes multiple queues, a dequeue engine, and/or a queue control engine. The queues temporarily store data. At least one of the queues stores single stream multicast data. A multicast count is associated with the single stream multicast data and corresponds to a number of destinations to which the single stream multicast data is to be sent. The dequeue engine dequeues data from the queues. If the data corresponds to the single stream multicast data, the dequeue engine examines the multicast count associated with the single stream multicast data and dequeues the single stream multicast data based on the multicast count. The queue control engine examines one of the queues to determine whether to drop data from the queue and marks the data based on a result of the determination.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for switching a data packet between a source and destination in a network. The data packet includes a header portion and a data portion. The header portion includes routing information for the data packet. The method includes defining a data path in the router comprising a path through the router along which the data portion of the data packet travels and defining a control path comprising a path through the router along which routing information from the header portion travels. The method includes separating the data path and control path in the router such that the routing information can be separated from the data portion allowing for the separate processing of each in the router. The data portion can be stored in a global memory while routing decisions are made on the routing information in the control path.

Abstract: A network element may include a connectivity fault manager, associated with a particular interface, to detect a connectivity fault associated with the particular interface, associated with a link between the particular interface and a remote interface, or associated with the remote interface. The network element may further include a redundant trunk group daemon, associated with the particular interface, to deactivate the particular interface and activate a backup interface in response to receiving notification of a link down event associated with the particular interface; where the connectivity fault manager is to activate the redundant trunk group daemon in response to detecting the connectivity fault; and where the redundant trunk group daemon is to deactivate the particular interface and activate a backup interface in response to being activated by the connectivity fault manager.

Abstract: An example network system includes a layer two (L2) device and a layer three (L3) device. The L2 device includes a control unit is configured to determine a preferred network path from a first L2 network in which the L2 device resides to an intermediate L3 network in which the L3 device resides that couples the first L2 network to a second L2 network having a second L2 device. The control unit includes a management endpoint (MEP) module. The MEP module executes an operations, administration, and management (OAM) protocol to monitor the first L2 network and output an L2 frame in accordance with the OAM protocol to the L3 device to notify the L3 device that it is within the preferred network path. A MEP module of the L3 device executes an OAM protocol that outputs L2 frames to the L2 device indicating the status of the L3 network.

Abstract: A network device includes a group of high speed redundant transmission lines and a switch. The switch is configured to select one of the high speed redundant transmission lines. The switch causes reflections and frequency dependent dispersions in the selected high speed redundant transmission line. The network device further includes a transmitting device that is configured to adjust signals transmitted over the selected high speed redundant transmission line so as to reduce the reflections and frequency dependent dispersions.

Abstract: A device for managing multiple instructions to access multiple wide registers may include logic to receive the multiple instructions to access one of the multiple wide registers, associate each received instruction with a corresponding one of multiple buffer memories, and allow simultaneous processing of the multiple instructions associated with each of the multiple buffer memories, where the multiple instructions are processed such that data is transferred between the multiple buffer memories and the multiple wide registers in one operation.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a policy vectors associated with a switch fabric, determining a compression scheme, and producing a compressed vector based on the policy vector and the compression scheme. The policy vector is represented by a bit sequence and has a plurality of policy bit values. A policy bit value from the plurality of policy bit vales is configured to trigger an action associated with a data packet in the switch fabric. The compression scheme is determined based on a portion of the policy vector.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described that facilitate scalable wholesale layer two (L2) connectivity between customers and service providers and a demarcation between the L2 wholesale network and one or more ISPs with which customers communicate L2 PDUs. In one example, a network device receives PDU having both a service identifier identifying a service virtual local area network (SVLAN) and a customer identifier identifying a customer VLAN (CVLAN). A virtual switch determines whether an entry of a L2 learning table is associated with both the service identifier and the customer identifier of the PDU. When no such entry exists, a VLAN learning module updates the L2 learning table to create a new entry that maps to a network device interface and is associated with both the service identifier of the PDU and a plurality of customer identifiers that includes the customer identifier of the PDU.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for modifying control plane messages for subscriber sessions with a network device to add and/or modify discrete information elements and thereby conform the messages to different versions of mobile network specifications, including roaming protocols, executed by different mobile networks or by heterogeneous infrastructure elements within a mobile network. In some examples, an input network interface of a network device receives a roaming protocol message on an interface connecting a first support node of a first mobile network and a second support node of a second mobile network. A roaming protocol module of the network device modifies the roaming protocol message by adding or modifying a discrete information element to conform the roaming protocol message to a roaming protocol of the second mobile network. An output network interface of the network device sends the modified roaming protocol message to the second support node.

Abstract: In general, the invention is directed to techniques for offloading per-subscriber traffic management from an access gateway to one or more upstream service nodes within a service provider network. For example, as described herein, an upstream service node receives a new packet flow for a subscriber and sends packet flow information, such as a network address, to a session and resource controller (SRC). The SRC maintains a table of subscriber attachment sessions and maps the packet flow information to a subscriber attachment session in the table to obtain a subscriber identifier for a subscriber. The SRC then determines subscriber-specific services to be applied to subscriber data traffic, transforms the services to a set of one or more enforcement policies, and returns the enforcement policies to the service node. In turn, the service node applies the enforcement policies for the subscriber-specific services to the subscriber data traffic in the packet flow.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an instrument panel that includes a display opening, where the instrument panel is located in a first plane; a circuit board located inside the electronic device, where the circuit board includes a display device that includes a display area, and where the display area is located in a second plane that is different from the first plane; and a waveguide that couples the display area to the display opening and guides light, and/or an image displayed in the display area, from the display area to the display opening.

Abstract: A system includes a storage device to store information associated with virtual nodes that correspond to network nodes. The system also includes a server to install a virtual node that corresponds to one of the network nodes, based on the information associated with the virtual node, where installing the virtual node includes creating a logical interface for sending traffic to, or receiving traffic from, other virtual nodes; start the virtual node to create an operating virtual node based on a copy of an operating system that runs on the network node, where starting the virtual node causes the operational virtual node to execute the copy of the operating system; and cause the operating virtual node to communicate with a virtual network, that includes the other virtual nodes, to allow the operating virtual node to receive or forward traffic associated with the virtual network.

Abstract: An example method includes monitoring a layer two network with a first network device that operates within the network. The method also includes discovering a second network device that operates within the network by receiving an extended continuity check message (CCM) transmitted from the second network device. The extended CCM transmitted from the second network device indicates to other network devices that a service instance is available on the second network device, and includes an indication of one or more network devices from which the second network device has received CCMs for the service instance. The method further includes determining that bidirectional connectivity exists between the first network device and the second network device when the indication includes the first network device as one of the network devices from which the second network device has received CCMs for the service instance.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of scheduling timing packets to enhance time distribution includes an improved apparatus in a system in which at least one of time and frequency information is derived based on information distributed in timing packets, at least some of the timing packets being transmitted by or received by the apparatus. The improvement includes a scheduling module that determines a first packet transmission time offset of a first timing packet based on a first predetermined identifier associated with the apparatus, and a second packet transmission time offset of a second timing packet based on the first packet transmission time offset and a timing packet spacing that is independent of the first predetermined identifier. The improvement further includes a transmission module that transmits the first timing packet based on the first packet transmission time offset, and the second timing packet based on the second packet transmission time offset.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for measuring packet data unit (PDU) loss in a L2 virtual private network (L2VPN) service, such as a VPLS instance. In one example of the techniques, provider edge (PE) routers that participate in the L2VPN measure known unicast and multicast PDU traffic at the service endpoints for the instance to determine unicast PDU loss within the service provider network. As the routers learn the outbound service (i.e., core-facing) interfaces and outbound local (i.e., customer-facing) interfaces for L2 addresses of customer devices that issue packets to the VPLS instance, the routers establish respective unicast transmit and receipt counters for the service endpoints that serve the customer devices. In another example, PE routers that participate in the L2VPN measure multicast PDU traffic at the service endpoints for the instance and account for internal replication by intermediate service nodes to determine multicast PDU loss within the service.

Abstract: An example network device includes a set of interfaces, a control unit, and a forwarding engine. The control unit includes an interface group information repository that stores data defining interface groups. Each interface group includes one or more interfaces. The forwarding engine includes a media access control (MAC) address repository that stores a mapping of a first interface to a source MAC address, and a MAC address management module that determines whether an interface group to which the first interface is assigned is the same interface group as the interface group to which a second interface is assigned. The control unit is configured to receive a layer two (L2) communication via the second interface, wherein the L2 communication includes the source MAC address. The forwarding engine dynamically updates the MAC address repository based on the determination of the MAC address management module.

Abstract: A first network device creates a protection path to a second network device associated with a first service site, and creates a pseudowire between the first service site and a second service site via the first network device and the second network device. The first network device also detects a failure between the first network device and the first service site, and forwards traffic, provided by the pseudowire between the first service site and the second service site, via the protection path. The second network device uses the traffic on the protection path as a trigger to activate a link between the second network device and the first service site.

Abstract: A system receives user data associated with a user device and integrity policies associated with the user data, and distributes the user data and the integrity policies to one or more remote integrity servers. The system further receives integrity results from the one or more remote integrity servers based on the user data and the integrity policies, and collates the integrity results to formulate an access recommendation or a single integrity result for the user device.

Abstract: In one example, a device includes a network interface configured to present a command interface to receive input comprising a command and an indicator, wherein the command conforms to an execution format and specifies one or more parameters to be applied during execution of the command, and wherein the indicator indicates, at least in part, that the command is not to be executed, and a control unit configured to reformat, based on the indicator, the command to conform to an extensible markup language (XML) format such that the reformatted command complies with a syntax supported by a script processing module of the network device and specifies the command and the one or more parameters in the XML format in a format that can be executed by the script processing module, and to output the reformatted command via the command interface. Thus, the device may provide XML formatted equivalents for commands.

Abstract: A module may include interface logic to receive information identifying a state related to a client device via logic related to a controlled environment, and to send a valid policy result to a host device, where the valid policy result is related to the state. The module may include processing logic to process policy content according to a resource policy, where the processing is based on the information, and to produce the valid policy result based on the processing using the resource policy, where the valid policy result is adapted for use by the host device when implementing the network policy with respect to a destination device when the client device attempts to communicate with the destination device.