Abstract: An ATM switching system 1 is provided with an ATM switch 11, a reserved connection memory 12 for storing reserved connection information, a call history memory 13 for maintaining call histories of requests for connection from subscriber's terminal units 21 to 2n, and a call-signal processing section 15. The call-signal processing section 15 generates a request for connection with respect to a trunk ATM switching network 3 by the use of the call histories in the call history memory 13 in the case where no call was issued from the subscriber's terminal units, and stores response results thereof in the reserved connection memory 16. Thereafter, when there was a call from the subscriber's terminal units 2?1 to 2?n, and contents of the request for connection thereof are the same as the reserved connection information, which has been stored in the reserved connection memory 16, processing for connection is executed by the use of the reserved connection information.

Abstract: Testing the liveliness of a data plane of a label switched path (LSP) using a two stage approach. The first stage may use a general echo request operation that may be implemented using hardware. Therefore, the first stage does not heavily burden the control plane of the LSR. If a suspect LSP passes the first stage of the diagnostic operation, nothing more needs to be done. If, however, the suspect LSP fails the first stage, the diagnostic operation proceeds to a second stage. The second stage of the diagnostic operation sends probing massages through the suspect LSP, but uses the control plane to deliver the acknowledging messages. If the suspect LSP fails the second stage of the diagnostic operation, the ingress LSR can infer that the LSP is down, and begin recovery actions. The probing messages may include padding so that MTU limits can be tested.

Abstract: A method of setting a path in a network using an Internet protocol to facilitate voice communications between two devices includes determining whether a first path having an adequate bandwidth for transferring a voice over Intent protocol (VoIP) packet between two label switch routers exists. The method also includes setting a new path having a bandwidth that is at least two times the necessary bandwidth for transferring a VoIP packet, when it is determined that the first path does not exist.

Abstract: A computer implemented method and system for transferring data packets includes intercepting a stream of data packets at the connectionless network layer from a client or server, encoding and encapsulating the data packets, transmitting the encoded data packets, decoding and decapsulating the data packets, and injecting the decoded and decapsulated data packets into the connectionless network layer at a client or server. The encoding of the packets is based on detecting repetitions that could exist anywhere in the data stream. The repetitions are not necessarily within a single packet but could occur across multiple packets and multiple sessions. One of the encoding algorithms includes comparing the payloads of packets with identical signatures and transmitting the full packet only when the payload had not previously been sent.

Abstract: A multi-chassis network device includes a plurality of nodes that operate as a single device within the network and a switch fabric that forwards data plane packets between the plurality of nodes. The switch fabric includes a set of multiplexed optical interconnects coupling the nodes. For example, a multi-chassis router includes a plurality of routing nodes that operate as a single router within a network and a switch fabric that forwards packets between the plurality of routing nodes. The switch fabric includes at least one multiplexed optical interconnect coupling the routing nodes. The nodes of the multi-chassis router may direct portions of the optical signal over the multiplexed optical interconnect to different each other using wave-division multiplexing.

Abstract: Upon receipt of a synchronization request from the CPU, the AAL1 device of the act system causes its cell forming section to extract the allocation position information for the SAR-PDU payload about a particular time slot in the current frame and, via the synchronization information send/receive section, transfers the information to the AAL1 device of the standby system. The AAL1 device of the standby system causes its operation processing section to calculate the allocation position of a particular time slot in the next frame for the SAR-PDU payload based on the above allocation position information. The AAL1 device of the standby system starts allocation of the data of and following a particular time slot of the next frame to the SAR-PDU payload starting from the position indicated by the calculation result.

Abstract: In general, the invention provides for the relaying of ATM cells through an IP network. In one embodiment, an apparatus, such as a routing device, comprises a first interface card for coupling to an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network, and a second interface card for coupling to an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The apparatus further comprises a control unit to assign labels to inbound cells from the ATM network to form outbound Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) packets for forwarding to the IP network, and to remove labels from inbound MPLS packets from the IP network to form outbound cells for forwarding to the ATM network. The apparatus can encapsulate the ATM cells within MPLS packets, and route the MPLS packets through the IP network without regard to the content of the ATM cells. In this manner, the routers may relay ATM cells of any type, including data and control cells.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for transferring packets in a packet switched communication system. A system is provided that includes an L2 device including a controller determining for each packet received whether the received packet is to be inspected, an inspection device operable to inspect and filter packets identified by the controller including using a zone specific policy and an L2 controller for transferring inspected packets in accordance with L2 header information using L2 protocols.

Abstract: An apparatus for remotely releasing a connector, e.g., an RJ-45 connector, is described. Embodiments of the invention allow a user to release a cable comprising a connector from a connector jack when the connector jack is difficult to reach. The invention may be particularly useful to release cables from devices comprising an array of connector jacks.

Abstract: Computer program products and methods of inspecting a log of security records in a computer network are provided. The method includes retrieving a log record, processing the log record including deriving a key to a table, determining a data value from information in the log record and adding the data value to a list of data values associated with the key if the data value is unique. One or more entries of the table are evaluated based on predetermined criteria to detect attempted security breaches.

Abstract: A label switching router (LSR) is described that spoof checks Multi-protocol Label Switching (MPLS) packets to prevent malicious or inadvertent injection of MPLS packets within a label switched path (LSP). The LSR ensures that MPLS packets received from an upstream label switching router (LSR) contain labels that were advertised to that upstream LSR. A software module associated with a signaling protocol, such as the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP), the Label Distribution Protocol (LDP), or the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), is extended to utilize an MPLS forwarding table, and MPLS interface table, and a remote autonomous system table. A set of interfaces for which the label was advertised may be checked to determine whether an interface on which a packet was received is contained in the set of interfaces. The MPLS forwarding table may contain a spoof-check field used to specify one of several different types of spoof checks and to specify the set of interfaces.

Abstract: A data compression system and method for that is capable of detecting and eliminating repeated phrases of variable length within a window of virtually unlimited size.

Abstract: Path determination constraints may be encoded in the form of a program having one or more instructions. Each of instructions may include an operation code, and operands (or pointers to locations where operands are stored). In this way, an extensible, interoperable way for a nodes (e.g., label-switching routers) to communicate constraints within a network is provided. Such constraints may be inserted (e.g., as one or more CONSTRAINT objects) into signaling messages (e.g., a PATH RSVP message). By enabling the signaling of constraints, the determination of constraint-based (label-switched) paths can be distributed among a number of (label-switching) routers or other nodes. Upon receiving a message with constraints (e.g.

Abstract: A communication network design circuit can derive a path and a necessary link capacity for multiple point communication service permitting arbitrary communication within a predetermined range of communication amount by providing traffic amount of data in-flowing through an ingress node and traffic amount of data flowing out through an egress node. The communication network designing circuit has setting means for setting a mathematical programming problem for deriving the multiple point communication service and optimizing means for solving the mathematical programming problem set by the setting means and obtaining the path for the multiple point communication service.

Abstract: A network device includes one or more processing units and an external memory. Each of the one or more processing units includes a centralized counter configured to perform accounting for the respective processing unit. The external memory is associated with at least one of the one or more processing units and is configured to store a group of count values for the at least one processing unit.

Abstract: A virtual routing system includes a number of physical routers. One of the physical routers is the master with respect to a given source of traffic, and the others are backups. If the master router fails, then one of the backup routers becomes the master to provide substantially uninterrupted service through the virtual routing system. A virtual redundant routing protocol (VRRP) can be extended to support sub-second advertising of VRRP packets by a master router a backup router. In some cases, sub-second switching is supported, in which a backup router can become a new master router after less than a second of down time by the original master router. Such responsiveness in a virtual routing system is very useful for many applications, such as voice-over-packet applications in which down time of the routing system for more than one second is unacceptable.

Abstract: A network device includes a memory and a packet forwarding engine. The memory stores a multicast list table, tag descriptor data and layer 2 (L2) encapsulation data. The packet forwarding engine receives a first pointer to an entry in the multicast list table, the entry including a second pointer to the tag descriptor data. The packet forwarding engine utilizes the second pointer to retrieve the tag descriptor data, the tag descriptor data including a third pointer to the encapsulation data. The packet forwarding engine constructs a packet header utilizing the retrieved encapsulation data and appends the packet header to a packet payload for forwarding out of the packet forwarding engine.

Abstract: The invention is directed to techniques for supporting multi-link protocols within a computer network. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a set of data blocks from a plurality of links in one or more interface cards according to a multi-link protocol and sending the data blocks to a multi-link service card for sequencing. The data blocks may then be sent to the one or more interface cards for communication to a destination device over a computer network. Implementing a multi-link service card may allow a network device, such as a router, to support multi-link protocols.

Abstract: A network device integrates accounting functionality for generation of flow statistics with packet intercept functionality to provide a comprehensive traffic analysis environment. The device comprises a set of network interface cards to receive packets from a network, and a set of accounting service cards to calculate flow statistics for the packets. The device further comprises a control unit to receive the network packets from the interface cards and distribute the packets to the set of accounting service cards. The accounting service card comprises an interface for insertion within a slot of a network device. Accounting service cards may be added to easily scale the network device to support higher bandwidth communication links, such as OC-3, OC-12, OC048 and higher rate links. Additional accounting service cards may be used for purposes of redundancy to support continuous, uninterrupted packet processing and accounting in the event of a card failure.

Abstract: Techniques are described for managing periodic communications between devices. For example, a periodic packet process may receive configuration parameters from a routing protocol process. The periodic packet process may manage periodic communication sessions with neighboring devices in accordance with the configuration parameters from the routing protocol process. The periodic packet process may monitor for incoming periodic packets from a specified neighboring device in a specified periodic time interval. The periodic packet process may also send outbound periodic packets at a specified periodic time interval.