Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition which contains an intestinal bacterium belonging to Bacteroidetes and having an inflammation reducing activity, or a substance derived from the intestinal bacterium and having an inflammation reducing activity and which has at least one activity selected from an anti-inflammatory activity, an immunoregulation activity, an epithelial barrier restoring activity, an IL-10-inducing activity, and an IL-22-inducing activity, and to an ameliorating agent for an inflammatory disease, an autoimmune disease, or an infectious disease containing the intestinal bacterium and the substance derived from the intestinal bacterium and having an inflammation reducing activity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for supporting disease analysis, the method including classifying, on the basis of images obtained from a plurality of analysis target cells contained in a specimen collected from a subject, a morphology of each analysis target cell, and obtaining cell morphology classification information corresponding to the specimen, on the basis of a result of the classification; and analyzing a disease of the subject by means of a computer algorithm, on the basis of the cell morphology classification information.

Abstract: A bispecific antibody including a first domain which specifically binds to a mutant calreticulin protein and a second domain which specifically binds to a CD3 antigen. A pharmaceutical composition including the bispecific antibody or a functional fragment thereof. A diagnostic method for a myeloproliferative neoplasm, including detecting a polypeptide in a biological sample with the bispecific antibody.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent may be effective for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The therapeutic agent may include 5-aminolevulinic acid, an ester thereof, or a salt thereof, as an active ingredient. A method for treating hypertrophic cardiomyopathy may include administering 5-aminolevulinic acid, an ester thereof, or a salt thereof in an effective dose, as may a method for improving left ventricular diastolic function in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and a method for improving myocardial relaxation rate in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Abstract: Provided is a compound (Z) represented by the formula (1) or (2) below. In the formulas (1) and (2), Xs in each of the formulas (1) and (2) are each independently a carboxy group, a carboxylate group, or a monovalent group represented by the formula (3); at least one of Xs in each of the formulas (1) and (2) is a carboxy group or a carboxylate group; and at least one of Xs in each of the formulas (1) and (2) is a monovalent group represented by the formula (3) —C(O)—Y-(AO)n—R (3). In the formula (3), —Y— is —O—, —NH—, or —S—; A is a C2-C4 alkylene group; R is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C15 monovalent hydrocarbon group in which a hydrogen atom is optionally substituted with a C1-C10 alkoxy group; n is an integer of 4 to 1000; at least one of n As is an ethylene group; and when the formulas (1) and (2) each have multiple monovalent groups represented by the formula (3), each of —Y—, A, R, and n is the same or different among the monovalent groups.

Abstract: Novel factors which are involved in the mechanism of the onset of IgA nephropathy are explored, and diagnostic, preventive or therapeutic agents for this disease are provided. A method for measuring autoantibodies related to IgA nephropathy, the method comprising measuring the amount of anti-spectrin ? IgA antibodies in a sample derived from a living organism.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image analysis method including inputting analysis data, including information regarding an analysis target cell to a deep learning algorithm having a neural network structure, and analyzing an image by calculating, by use of the deep learning algorithm, a probability that the analysis target cell belongs to each of morphology classifications of a plurality of cells belonging to a predetermined cell group.

Abstract: A method of direct transdifferentiation of somatic cells into other somatic cells may be convenient and still have good reproducibility, excellent production efficiency, and short performed time. Methods for direct transdifferentiation of somatic cells into other somatic cells may include: (a) introducing a GLIS family gene, a mutated GLIS family gene or a gene product thereof into somatic cells; and (b) culturing the gene-introduced somatic cells in a culture medium containing a component that induces differentiation of the somatic cells or precursor cells of the somatic cells into other somatic cells.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a therapeutic drug for polycythemia. According to the present invention, provided is a therapeutic drug for polycythemia, comprising an antibody which recognizes the amino acids at positions 629 to 633 of a human transferrin receptor.

Abstract: Provided are a marker gene for detecting Parkinson's disease, and a method for detecting Parkinson's disease by using the marker gene. The method for detecting Parkinson's disease in a test subject comprises a step of measuring an expression level of at least one gene selected from the group of 4 genes consisting of SNORA16A, SNORA24, SNORA50 and REXO1L2P or an expression product thereof in a biological sample collected from the test subject.

Abstract: Providing a RyR2 activity inhibitor having an excellent RyR2 activity inhibitory effect.

Abstract: Cytotoxic T cells derived from human T cell-derived iPS cells may avoid an NK cell missing-self response and may be used for allogeneic administration while maintaining a strong antitumor effect of antigen-specific CTLs. A method may produce a cytotoxic T cell derived from a human T cell-derived iPS cell expressing HLA class I of HLA-restricted class I of an antigen epitope of a CTL and HLA-E. Such a method may include: knocking out all HLA class I of the human T cell-derived iPS cell; introducing a gene of the HLA-restricted HLA class I of the antigen epitope of the CTL and a gene of the HLA-E into the T-iPS cell in which all HLA class I have been knocked out; and redifferentiating the genetically introduced T-iPS cell into a CD8 single-positive T cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a disease differentiation support method for supporting disease differentiation, the disease differentiation support method including: obtaining a first parameter obtained by analyzing an image including a cell contained in a sample collected from a subject; obtaining a second parameter regarding a number of cells contained in the sample; and generating, by using a computer algorithm, differentiation support information for supporting disease differentiation, on the basis of the first parameter and the second parameter.

Abstract: A method for producing pancreatic endocrine cells, including introducing (A), (B), (C), or (D) into somatic cells: (A) mutated GLIS1 gene having 85%-sequence-identity to base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 or gene product(s) thereof, Neurogenin3 gene or gene product(s) thereof, Pdx1 gene or gene product(s) thereof, and MafA gene or gene product(s) thereof; (B) mutated GLIS1 gene having 85%-sequence-identity to base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 or gene product(s) thereof, Neurogenin3 gene or gene product(s) thereof, and Pdx1 gene or gene product(s) thereof (C) GLIS1 gene or gene product(s) thereof, Neurogenin3 gene or gene product(s) thereof, Pdx1 gene or gene product(s) thereof, and MafA gene or gene product(s) thereof and (D) mutated GLIS1 gene having 85%-sequence-identity to base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 or gene product(s) thereof, Neurogenin3 gene or gene product(s) thereof, and MafA gene or gene product(s) thereof.

Abstract: An immunity inducer contains, as an active ingredient, any of a peptide (a) or (b) below, or an expression vector having a structural gene including a region encoding the peptide. (a) A peptide including an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2; (b) a peptide having immunity induction activity and including an amino acid sequence in which one or several amino acids are deleted, substituted or added in the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating aging-related diseases includes the immunity inducer and an adjuvant.

Abstract: Provided is an immune cell therapy which uses an iPS technology allowing long-term survival in a living body and which exhibits an excellent antitumor effect by recognition of two antigens. An iPS cell derived from an antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell having a chimeric antigen receptor introduced therein.

Abstract: A diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic agent may be used for a myeloproliferative neoplasm. An antibody or a functional fragment thereof that binds to a cleaved mutant CALR protein, may include an antigen-recognition site in (a) a polypeptide chain having an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or (b) a polypeptide chain having an amino acid sequence having deletion, substitution, or addition of one to several amino acids in SEQ ID NO: 1; and a diagnostic, preventive, or therapeutic agent for a myeloproliferative neoplasm containing the antibody.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image analysis method including inputting analysis data, including information regarding an analysis target cell to a deep learning algorithm having a neural network structure, and analyzing an image by calculating, by use of the deep learning algorithm, a probability that the analysis target cell belongs to each of morphology classifications of a plurality of cells belonging to a predetermined cell group.

Abstract: A method for producing pancreatic endocrine cells, including introducing (A), (B), (C), or (D) is provided. The pancreatic endocrine cells are produced without undergoing an iPS cell stage. The mutated GLIS1 gene having a sequence identity of 85% or more to a base sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or one or more gene products thereof in (A), (B), or (D) is a mutated GLIS1 gene having at least one of (i) addition of any base(s) to 5?-terminus of the mutated GLIS1 gene having sequence identity of 85% or more to the base sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 and (ii) addition of any base(s) to 3?-terminus of the mutated GLIS1 gene having sequence identity of 85% or more to the base sequence as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1.

Abstract: An AMD risk evaluation method is provided. The concentrations of a set of evaluation elements contained in a serum sample 2 taken from a subject are measured (step S1), the concentration data of the set of evaluation elements thus measured are applied to a predetermined discriminant function to perform an operation (step S2); and whether or not the subject suffers from AMD is discriminated based on the operation result obtained by applying the concentration data to the discriminant function (step S3). The discrimination is carried out in accordance with the concentration balance (pattern) of the set of evaluation elements. The set of evaluation elements is designated by choosing all or part of specific elements that have the concentration data for both of the case group and the control group based on the discriminant abilities in arbitrary combinations of the specific elements.