Abstract: The invention is directed to an electro-optical device. The device incorporates a liquid crystal display panel wherein each display cell utilizes a non-linear metal insulator metal element. The layers of the metal insulator metal element are formed in a horizontal direction to provide an MIM which is smaller in size and inexpensive to manufacture. It also allows a liquid crystal display to be formed which is capable of high resolution image display.

Abstract: Circuits are provided for avoiding misdetection of a non-rotated condition after driving the timepiece stepping motor. Voltages induced in the rotor coil by external high frequency magnetic fields, and current produced in the coil by lower frequency AC magnetic fields are detected. When a high frequency or AC magnetic field of sufficient intensity to cause a false indication of motor rotation is detected, the motor is next driven with a pulse having greater width than the normal driving pulse so as to assure operation of the motor. A period is provided, before the normal driving pulse would be applied, to detect AC magnetic fields and a period preceding the period for detection of AC magnetic fields is provided for detection of high frequency magnetic fields. A comparator or inverter is used to determine whether the levels of external magnetic fields are sufficient to cause misdetection of rotor position.

Abstract: A small-sized portable information system is provided including a small-sized portable information device and an external station. Both the external station and the portable information device are provided with a central processing unit, a memory device, a display device, an input device and a power supply. The portable information device and the external station can be coupled together by an electrical or optical interface to permit transfer of programs from the external station to the portable information device and exchange of data therebetween.

Abstract: An electronic analog display timepiece provides multifunctions wherein the hand, or hands, is driven at different frequencies. To prevent erroneous performance of the step motor, an interval longer than the period of damped oscillation of the step motor is provided when the step motor driving frequency changes by synchronizing the lower frequency driving signals with the signal of the highest frequency of the circuit. Alternatively, one pulse of the second frequency signal is eliminated when switching from the first to the second frequency signal.

Abstract: A surface hard coating composition for a synthetic resin lens including:(A) at least one organic silicon compound represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbon group having from one to six carbon atoms or an organic group including vinyl, methacryloyloxy or an epoxy radical, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbon group having from one to four carbon atoms, R.sup.3 is a hydrocarbon or alkoxy alkyl group having from one to five carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom and l is 0 or one;(B) colloidal silica;(C) at least one poly functional epoxy compound; and(D) magnesium perchlorate.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compounds which are para-substituted phenyl esters of para-substituted cyclohexyl carboxylic acid, are effective in compositions for use in liquid crystal display devices, particularly for operation in the multiplexing mode. The cyanophenyl esters may be used in a wide variety of compositions. The compounds are stable, inert to moisture, light and oxygen and have low viscosity. Moreover, they can be used in compositions using the guest-host effect.

Abstract: An on-demand type ink jet recording head. The ink jet recording head includes a substrate having a plurality of pressurization chambers of substantially rectangular configuration disposed thereon. Ink supply passages and nozzles are provided for each pressurization chamber. Each pressurization chamber also has a vibratory plate and a piezoelectric element which cooperate to change the volume of the pressurization chamber to cause ink to be ejected out of the respective nozzles thereof. Each nozzle has an equivalent nozzle length of 1 mm or less. Each pressurization chamber has a width of 1 mm or less and a length of 1 mm or more. The vibratory plate has a thickness of 200 .mu.m or less and the piezoelectric elements have a thickness of 200 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device wherein individual display elements are controlled by non-linear devices and methods of fabricating the display devices are provided. The non-linear devices are metal-insulator-metal structures (MIM). Two MIM elements are coupled in parallel to each other and connected to each display element in series. The MIM element includes a metallic thin film of Ta or nitrogen doped Ta and an oxide film formed by anodizing the metallic thin film and a second metallic thin film. The liquid crystal display matrix is formed by depositing a lower metallic thin film on a transparent substrate, selectively removing the first film, anodizing the surface of the first metallic thin film, depositing a pattern of an upper metallic thin film and selectively removing both the lower metallic thin film and the anodized oxide film at the regions other than where the MIM elements are being formed.

Abstract: The analog electronic timepiece has a plurality of functions, each driven independently by a dedicated step motor. A stem, pullable to three positions and a plurality of pushbuttons control operation. Each indicator hand may be set to zero independently by operation of an external button when the electronic circuits indicate that the respective hand should be at the zero position. A single frequency signal source and divider network provide frequency signals to all functions. Phase shifting circuits assure that driving signals to the independent motors are never concurrent.

Abstract: A step motor driving control mechanism for use in an electronic timepiece for reducing the current consumption thereof is provided. Load detection circuitry detects the load condition of the step motor and selectively produces a load condition signal representative of a predetermined load condition thereof. Driving and control circuitry is provided for receiving a low frequency timekeeping signal produced by a divider circuit and a load detection signal when same is selectively produced by the load detection circuitry. In response to the presence or absence of a load detection signal applied thereto, the drive and control circuitry is adapted to vary the duration of the pulse width of a drive signal applied to the step motor to effect a driving of same.

Abstract: An ink jet printing apparatus which ejects ink towards a recording medium. The apparatus includes a nozzle having a plurality of nozzles and a plurality of pressurization chambers. Each nozzle orifice is in fluid communication with one of the pressurization chambers. An ink supply system supplies ink to each of the pressurization chambers. Each pressurization chamber includes first and second transducers which selectively deform the respective pressurization chambers for ejecting ink out of the nozzles. Each first and second transducers are selectively driven by independent driving circuits.

Abstract: Ester-azoxy compounds represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R and R' are straight-chain alkyl groups having one to eight carbon atoms are provided. When added to a twisted nematic-type liquid crystal composition, the liquid crystal temperature range is increased.

Abstract: An FSK demodulation circuit especially suited for integrated construction is provided. The demodulating circuit uses N counters and a counter selector circuit for sequentially switching the counters at every zero-cross point in the received FSK signal. Sensitivity of demodulation is improved by N-time zero-cross detection rather than counting the time between two adjacent zero-cross points. The FSK demodulation circuit uses a Switched Capacitor Bandpass Filter whose characteristics are changed by changing the frequency of an internal clock using simple dividing circuitry.