Abstract: An image measuring system comprises a projection optical system, having a light source for emitting and projecting an illumination light through a light projection optical axis. The system further comprises a photodetection optical system, having an image pickup element, which receives a retroreflection light from an object to be measured through a photodetection optical axis, and a control arithmetic device for processing the data taken by the image pickup element. The projection optical system comprises a light projection unit for directing the light projection optical axis toward the object to be measured and projecting the illumination light, a projection angle changing means for rotating the light projection unit in an elevating and a horizontal direction and for changing a projection angle of the illumination light, and a direction detecting means for detecting a direction angle of the light projection optical axis with respect to the photodetection optical axis.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a photographing part of an ophthalmologic apparatus photographs an eye from different directions. An optical system splits light into measurement light and reference light and detects interference light of measurement light returned from the eye and reference light. A changing part changes optical path length of measurement light. A controller controls the photographing part to perform photography and the optical system to perform first detection when first optical path length is set and controls the optical system to perform second detection when second optical path length is set and a second image substantially the same as a first image acquired by the photography is acquired. Based on the first and second optical path lengths, a calculator calculates distance between first and second sites of the eye through which measurement light has passed in the first and second detections, respectively.

Abstract: Safety of ophthalmologic laser treatment is improved. A laser treatment apparatus of an embodiment includes: a photographing system that photographs an eye; an irradiation system that irradiates aiming light of a preset pattern and treatment laser light onto a fundus of the eye; an irradiation-pattern determining part that determines an irradiation pattern of the treatment laser light based on a photograph image of the eye acquired by the photographing system and the preset pattern; and a controller that controls the irradiation system so as to irradiate the treatment laser light of the determined irradiation pattern.

Abstract: Optical coherence tomography light sources can be non-linear and attempts to linearize them can lead to asynchrony between the light source and A-line scans and missampling in the scans causing signal noise. Accordingly, a system and methods are provided herein to detect missampling by obtaining a plurality of interferograms; providing at least two wavenumber reference signals at different wavenumbers, wherein the wavenumber reference signals comprise attenuated or enhanced portions of each of the plurality of interferograms; aligning each of the plurality of interferograms according to one of the at least two wavenumber reference signals; and for each of the plurality of interferograms, identifying an interferogram as missampled if another of the at least two reference signals does not align with a corresponding reference signal in a statistically significant number of the plurality of interferograms. An optical element, for example, an optical notch, may be used to generate the reference signals.

Abstract: A cam face 303a of a cam 303 has a shape depending on the distribution of the light amount in the cross-section of reference light LR. When the cam 303 is rotated by a stepping motor 302, an abutment 312 moves following the displacement of the cam face 302a with the rotation of the cam 303. A light-blocking link 310 rotates about the axis of rotation 311 with the movement of the abutment 312. A shield 313 moves in a first direction with the rotation of the light-blocking link 310 to change the shielding region of the reference light LR. A light-blocking plate 400 can shield the reference light LR from a second direction different from a shielding direction (first direction) by an attenuator 300. The light-blocking plate 400 is moved by a drive mechanism 410 and changes the shielding region.

Abstract: A flying vehicle guiding system comprises a remotely controllable flying vehicle system, a surveying instrument able to measure distance, angle, and track, and a ground base station for controlling a flight of the flying vehicle system based on measuring results by the surveying instrument. The flying vehicle system has a retro-reflector. The surveying instrument has a non-prism surveying function for performing distance measurement and angle measurement without a retro-reflector, a prism surveying function for performing distance measurement and angle measurement with respect to the retro-reflector, and a tracking function for tracking the retro-reflector and for performing distance measurement and angle measurement. The surveying instrument performs non-prism measurement on a scheduled flight area.

Abstract: A subjective optometer includes a visual target, deflectors, calculator and positioning parts. The visual target is presented a first distance away from eyes. The deflectors deflect first optical paths formed between the eyes and the visual target to form second optical paths causing the eyes to observe the visual target as if the visual target is presented at a second distance shorter than the first distance. The calculator calculates accommodation stimulus amount for causing the eyes to observe the visual target as if presented at the second distance based on convergence accommodation amount of the eyes caused by the second optical paths, the first distance and the second distance. The positioning parts include spherical lenses and position spherical lenses having spherical powers corresponding to the accommodation stimulus amount in the second optical paths. The eyes are examined with the spherical lenses positioned in the second optical paths.

Abstract: An optotype presenting apparatus that is capable of carrying out examinations accurately is provided. An optotype presenting apparatus includes a display and a controller. The display includes left eye optotype display regions and right eye optotype display regions. The left eye optotype display regions output light having a first polarization axis. The right eye optotype display regions output light having a second polarization axis orthogonal to the first polarization axis. The left eye optotype display regions and the right eye optotype display regions are alternately arranged along pixel lines. The controller is capable of displaying a plurality of optotypes selectively on the display. Further, the controller controls the display based on a type of an optotype displayed on the display to change display luminance.

Abstract: An omnidirectional camera comprises a camera mounting frame 5 of a cylindrical hollow body, two or more first mount blocks 8 which hold a first lens unit 9 in a horizontal posture and are installed to the camera mounting frame from a horizontal direction, and first circuit boards provided on inner end surfaces of the first mount blocks, and in the omnidirectional camera, the camera mounting frame and the first mount blocks are made of materials with good heat transfer properties, the first circuit board has a ground layer formed on an abutting surface with respect to the first mount block and a first image pickup element arranged on an optical axis of the first lens unit, and the heat generated from the first image pickup element is radiated from the first mount block and the camera mounting frame through the ground layer.

Abstract: Operations of a laser treatment apparatus are facilitated. A laser treatment apparatus of an embodiment includes an illumination system, observation system, irradiation system, illumination-area changing part, irradiation-condition setting part and controller. The illumination system illuminates an eye fundus. The observation system is used for observing the fundus illuminated. The irradiation system irradiates aiming light of a preset pattern and treatment light consisting of laser light of a pattern determined based on the preset pattern onto the fundus. The illumination-area changing part is used for changing an illumination area of the fundus by the illumination system. The irradiation-condition setting part sets irradiation condition of the aiming light and/or treatment light from the irradiation system. The controller controls the illumination-area changing part based on the set irradiation condition to change the illumination area.

Abstract: A subjective optomater that is capable of measuring accommodation ability of an eye while reducing the influence of accommodative convergence is provided. A subjective optometer includes: a visual target that is presented to an eye through a measuring optical axis; a measuring optical system that includes a spherical lens capable of changing spherical power on the measuring optical axis; a spherical power changer that changes the spherical power of the spherical lens; and an optical axis deflector that deflects the measuring optical axis so as to align the measuring optical axis with a visual axis of the eye, wherein accommodation ability is measured based on the spherical power of the spherical lens in a state in which the measuring optical axis is deflected by the optical axis deflector.

Abstract: A technique is provided for efficiently process three-dimensional point cloud position data that are obtained at different viewpoints. A projecting plane is set in a measurement space as a parameter for characterizing a target plane contained in plural planes that form an object. The target plane and other planes are projected on the projecting plane. Then, a distance between each plane and the projecting plane is calculated at each grid point on the projecting plane, and the calculated matrix data is used as a range image that characterizes the target plane. The range image is also formed with respect to the other planes and with respect to planes that are viewed from another viewpoint. The range images of the two viewpoints are compared, and a pair of the planes having the smallest difference between the range images thereof is identified as matching planes between the two viewpoints.

Abstract: An ophthalmologic imaging apparatus that can follow up imaging for acquiring a cross sectional image by referring to a front image of an eye acquired in the past and scanning the same position as before with light, includes: a photographing part configured to photograph the eye and acquire a front image thereof; a cross sectional image forming part configured to scan the eye with light and form a cross sectional image thereof; a storage configured to store a first front image of the eye and a second front image acquired in follow up imaging executed with referring to the first front image; an information obtaining part configured to analyze the first and second front images and obtain misregistration information between these front images; and a calculator configured to calculate an evaluation value of an error in a scanning position in the follow up imaging based on the misregistration information.

Abstract: Ophthalmological image analysis techniques that can present objective information about the state of distribution of the Meibomian glands are provided. An ophthalmological image analyzer 1 comprises a designator 22, an extractor 23 and a calculator 24. The designator 22 is configured to designate an area A to be analyzed in a photographed image I of an eyelid of an eye. The extractor 23 is configured to extract Meibomian-gland subareas B that represent Meibomian glands in the eyelid, on the basis of the luminance value of each pixel in the area A being analyzed which is designated by the designator 22. The calculator 24 is configured to acquire distribution information of Meibomian glands in the area A being analyzed, on the basis of the Meibomian-gland subareas B.

Abstract: In a fundus observation apparatus, an optical system detects interference light generated by superposing signal light having traveled by way of an eye fundus and reference light having traveled by way of a reference optical path. An image forming part forms a cross sectional image based on detection results of the interference light. A specifying part analyzes the cross sectional image to specify an abnormal region located in the vicinity of central fovea of the eye fundus. The association information generating part calculates the distance between the central fovea and the abnormal region and generates association information in which the direction of the abnormal region relative to the central fovea and the distance are associated with each other. The evaluation information generating part generates evaluation information for evaluating the state of the eye fundus based on the association information.

Abstract: The controller 210 changes the projection region of the Landolt ring T on the fundus Ef by changing, based on the scanning region R, the relative display position of the Landolt ring T and the fixation target V on the LCD 39, thereby overlapping the scanning region R and the projection region each other. Under this condition, the fundus observation apparatus 1 executes the eyesight measurement and OCT measurement, obtains the eyesight value at the site of interest of the fundus Ef, and forms a tomographic image of the fundus Ef in the scanning region R. The controller 210 stores in the storage 212 the eyesight value at the site of interest and the tomographic image corresponding to the scanning line closest to the measurement position of eyesight while correlating them with each other, and allows them to be displayed on the display device 3.

Abstract: The taking-off and landing target instrument 2 to be used in an automatic taking-off and landing system, comprising a target 37 having as many light emitting elements 44 as required for displaying patterns and a target control unit 38 for controlling light emission of the light emitting elements, wherein the light emitting elements are provided on a taking-off and landing surface of the target and are arranged so that a target mark 43 having the center of pattern under all turned-on status is formed, and wherein the target control unit controls a light emission so as to display firstly all turned-on patterns where all of the light emitting elements are turned on, and next, so as to display the light emitting elements in a predetermined pattern.

Abstract: A laser scanner comprises a light projecting optical system for projecting a distance measuring light, a deflecting optical member for deflecting and projecting the distance measuring light to a measurement area, a distance measuring unit for carrying out measurement based on a reflection light and for acquiring distance data of the measurement area, a second image pickup unit capable of continuously acquiring image data including the measurement area, and a control unit. The control unit has a first image processing unit for acquiring a three-dimensional image based on the image data and on the distance data, and also has a second image processing unit for detecting a mobile object by comparing image data being adjacent to each other in terms of time. The control unit controls the distance measuring unit so that measurement of the mobile object detected in the measurement area is restricted by the second image processing unit.

Abstract: An aerial photographing image pickup method comprises a step of making a flying object fly meanderingly, a step of taking the image at each vertex where a direction is changed in the meandering flight, a step of extracting feature points from a common overlay portion of the images taken from at least three adjacent vertices, a step of determining two images of two vertices in the images as one set and acquiring positional information of the two vertices by a GPS device for each set regarding at least two sets, a step of performing photogrammetry of the measuring points corresponding to the feature points based on positional information and based on the feature points of the two images and a step of determining the feature points when the surveying results of the measuring points coincide with each other in at least the two sets as tie points for image combination.

Abstract: The aerial photograph image pickup method comprises a first step of acquiring still images along an outward route and a return route respectively, a second step of preparing a stereo-image with regard to three images adjacent to each other in advancing direction, and of preparing another stereo-image by relative orientation on one more set of adjacent images and of preparing two sets of stereo-images, a third step of connecting two sets of stereo-images by using feature points extracted from a portion of an image common to the two sets of stereo-images, a step of connecting all stereo-images in the outward route direction and in the return route direction according to images acquired in the first step by repeating the second and third steps, and a step of selecting common tie points from the images adjacent to each other in the adjacent course and connecting the adjacent stereo-images in the course.