Abstract: According to one embodiment, in a nonvolatile memory, the determination unit determines whether a change process is executable or not. The change process is a process based on characteristics of the memory cell array when a first write process is performed. The change process changes at least one of a value of a write start voltage and an increase amount in a write voltage in a second write process. The second write process is a process where a write operation of writing data to upper pages of at least part of the plurality of nonvolatile memory cells and a verification operation are alternately repeated. The setting unit sets a maximum value for determining whether the second write process succeeds or fails to a first value when the change process is executable, and sets the maximum value to a second value when the change process is not executable.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first conduction type semiconductor substrate, a first conduction type semiconductor deposition layer, a trench, second conduction type wells, a JFET region, a first conduction type first source region, a first source region, a trench-type source electrode, a gate insulator film, a gate electrode, and a drain electrode. The trench is formed substantially perpendicularly to the semiconductor deposition layer so that the semiconductor deposition layer exposes to a bottom of the trench. The second conduction type second source region are formed in the first conduction type first source region. The trench-type source electrode is in contact with the first source region, the second source region, and the first conduction type semiconductor deposition layer to configure a Schottky junction.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image encoding apparatus includes a setting unit configured to set a combination of a vertical transform matrix and a horizontal transform matrix corresponding to the target image. The combination includes any of a plurality of transform matrices including a first transform matrix and a second transform matrix which increases a coefficient density compared to the first transform matrix if a one-dimensional orthogonal transformation in a direction orthogonal to a line of a group of reference pixels on at least one line is performed on the prediction error in the intra-prediction mode in which the group of reference pixels is referenced to generate an intra-prediction image.

Abstract: A non-invasive subject-information imaging apparatus according to this invention includes a light generating unit which generates light containing a specific wavelength component, a light irradiation unit which radiates the generated light into a subject, a waveguide unit which guides the light from the light generating unit to the irradiation unit, a plurality of two-dimensionally arrayed electroacoustic transducer elements, a transmission/reception unit which transmits ultrasonic waves to the subject by driving the electroacoustic transducer elements, and generates a reception signal from electrical signals converted by electroacoustic transducer elements, and a signal processing unit which generates volume data about a living body function by processing a reception signal corresponding to acoustic waves generated in the subject by light irradiation, and generates volume data about a tissue morphology by processing a reception signal corresponding to echoes generated in the subject upon transmission of the

Abstract: According to one embodiment, in an organic electroluminescence device, a first substrate has a first refractive index n1. A second substrate is joined to an upper surface of the first substrate and has a second refractive index n2 higher than the first refractive index n1. Multiple wedge-shaped metal lines are buried in the second substrate in such a manner that one side of the wedge-shaped metal line is flush with an upper surface of the second substrate. A transparent electrode is formed on the upper surface of the second substrate and the multiple metal lines. An insulating layer is formed on a portion of the transparent electrode opposed to the multiple metal lines. An organic light emitting layer is formed on the transparent electrode on which the insulating layer is formed. A metal electrode is formed on the organic light emitting layer.

Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect device comprises a magnetic multi-layer film having at least an antiferromagnetic film, a first ferromagnetic film, a non-magnetic film, and a second ferromagnetic film formed in the order on the front surface portion of the substrate, the magnetic multi-layer film having giant magnetoresistance effect, at least the second ferromagnetic film having a shape corresponding to a magnetic field detecting portion. The bias magnetic field applying films are disposed on a conductive film of the magnetic multi-layer film at outer portions of both edge portions of the magnetic field detecting portion of the magnetoresistance effective film. Alternatively, the second ferromagnetic film has a first portion corresponding to the magnetic field detecting portion and a second portion corresponding to the outer portions of both the edge portions of the magnetic field detecting portion, the film thickness-of the second portion being smaller than the film thickness of the first portion.

Abstract: A fine particle of metal is disposed on a semiconductor substrate. With the exception of a position of disposition of the fine particle of metal, a covering layer is formed on a surface of the semiconductor substrate. Thereafter, heat treatment is implemented at a temperature higher than that where constituent atoms of the semiconductor substrate and constituent atoms of the fine particle of metal dissolve at an interface thereof due to interdiffusion in a vacuum atmosphere. Thus, a fine projection structure that comprises a semiconductor substrate and a fine projection consisting of a solid solution of the semiconductor substrate and the metal is obtained. The fine projection is formed with part thereof precipitating in the semiconductor substrate. The fine projection structure as this largely contributes in realizing high integration semiconductor devices and quantum size devices.

Abstract: A test socket for a semiconductor device is provided having a contact member 30, which lies between the external terminals 25, projected from the package 24 of the IC 22 and the contact pads 26 of the test board 23 for making them in conductive with each other. The contact member 30 is made of a metallic contact member 29, which is in contact with the external terminals 25 through blades 32 and a conductive elastic contactor 28. The conductive elastic contactor 28 has an upper contact part 28a and a lower contact part 28b, which are projected from the top and bottom surfaces of the insulating base 27. The lower contact part 28b is in contact with the contact pads 26 of the test board 23.

Abstract: This invention provides a new and improved image-forming apparatus which is of relatively easy manufacture and which provides a clear, sharp image. This apparatus is an "ink jet" printer which utilizes a liquid dispersion of toner as the image-forming material. The liquid dispersant is dielectric relative to the toner particles. The toner particles agglomerate when placed under an electric charge and these agglomerated particles are ejected in accordance with an image signal. The toner forms an image on an image holder which is transferred to a recording medium such as paper. This invention has the provision for four-color printing.

Abstract: A lateral insulated gate bipolar transistor has an emitter region that is displaced from a main path for passing carriers from a collector region to a base region through a first semiconductor layer. This arrangement suppresses the operation of a parasitic transistor composed of the emitter region, base region, and first semiconductor layer and prevents a latch-up. The width of the gate electrode of covering the first semiconductor layer serving as a drift region of carriers may be widened to form a carrier accumulation layer in the first semiconductor layer adjacent to the gate electrode. The accumulation layer increases the total number of carriers in the drift region, to reduce a saturation voltage between the collector region and the emitter region. As a result, the lateral insulated gate bipolar transistor operates with a low voltage to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: Pits and lands which have a pit length of 3T, a land length of *6T, a pit length of 7T, a land length of *3T, a pit length of 6T and a land length of *7T are alternately formed in a lead-in area in an inner track area on an optical disk as a test pattern for evaluating a read error of the optical disk. This test pattern data is reproduced by a reproducing system to detect an error rate, a compensation coefficient for minimizing the error rate is acquired, and a reproduction signal is compensated by using this compensation coefficient so that the reproduction signal is reproduced with the minimized error rate by the reproducing system.

Abstract: In a color cathode-ray apparatus, electron beams emitted from an electron gun assembly are deflected along horizontal and vertical axes by horizontal and vertical deflecting units. The horizontal deflecting unit includes first and second horizontal deflecting yokes which are located such that the center of the second horizontal deflecting yoke is defined between the center of the first horizontal deflecting yoke and the electron gun assembly. First and second horizontal deflection currents are supplied to the first and second horizontal deflecting yokes and are changed in different manners, in accordance with a degree to which the electron beams are to be deflected, and the first and seocnd deflection yokes generate pincushion and barrel magnetic fields, respectively.

Abstract: A data processing terminal device is on-line connected to a host computer and records on journal paper journal data obtained as a result of communication with the host computer. Data is encrypted, and encrypted data is exchanged between the terminal device and the host computer. The encrypted journal data received by the terminal is decrypted and printed on a journal paper, then modified and stored in a PROM. By comparing the journal data with the modified data, journal data alteration can be easily detected.