Abstract: A system for recovering gas trapped within the earth includes a casing (24) sized and configured to be positioned within a borehole in the earth, the casing (24) formed of a material that is transmissive to electromagnetic energy and gas within the earth; an antenna (40) sized and configured to be positioned within the casing (24). The antenna (40) has a distal end and a proximal end and including a radiating element at the distal end of the antenna (40) which, in operation, transmits electromagnetic energy toward a desired area of the earth, and an interior channel for allowing gas to be conveyed from the distal end to the proximal end of the antenna (40).

Abstract: The disclosure describes an electromagnetic apparatus, and a method of use thereof, for simultaneously generating near-uniform heating in a subsurface formation and simultaneously recovering organic and inorganic materials through the apparatus itself. The apparatus may be constructed from flexible or semi-rigid materials for use in horizontal borehole applications. The disclosure also describes a phase-modulated multiple borehole system, and a method of use thereof, for heating larger subsurface volumes and for creating steerable and variable heating patterns. The apparatus and system described herein may be used for recovering oil trapped in rock formations and for decontaminating a region of the earth contaminated with hazardous materials.