Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and a device for the separation and purification of gas from a fiber suspension, especially residual gas after ozone delignification or pulp suspension, wherein the suspension together with the gas is introduced into a cyclone (2) or similar in which essential separation of suspension takes place, after which the essentially gas-free suspension is drawn off downwards and the gas (5) containing residual fiber and/or other impurities is drawn off upwards, the gas stream (5), before it is conducted away, being led through a liquid bath for separation of residual fibers and/or other impurities from the gas stream.

Abstract: A device for discharging particulate material from a container with a table to support the particulate material includes a feed unit which is movable on the table for discharging the material through a peripheral outlet opening, and a drive for driving the feed unit; the feed unit includes at least two spaced feeding elements disposed to successively move the material in a direction from the center of the table towards the outlet opening; the feeding elements are arranged, during a full cycle of movement of the feed unit, to be alternately active within an arbitrary section of the table extending between the center part and outlet opening for feeding a layer of particulate material in front of them in the direction toward the outlet opening and inactive while returning to a starting position.

Abstract: A pump for pumping pulp, comprising a first impeller (12) for pumping the pulp in fluidized state, and a gas evacuation pump (23) of liquid ring type comprising a pump housing (24) with a chamber (25) and a second impeller (26) rotating therein for evacuating gas collecting in front of said first impeller (12) via a system of channels (20, 21, 22), said impellets (12, 26) being mounted on the same shaft (4) for common rotation. According to the invention the chamber (24) of the gas evacuation pump (23) containing a rotating liquid ring (29) is defined circumferentially by an element (40) which is movable in relation to the second impeller (26) and the axis of rotation (5) thereof by means of an actuator (48, 50, 51), said element (40) being adjustable by the actuator (48, 50, 51) in three different operating positions dependent on the operating conditions prevailing for the pump.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing pulp and fluid includes a housing with a center line an inlet and outlet for the pulp; an inlet for the supply of fluid and two walls are arranged in the housing and have opposite sides which between them define a gap-shaped surface through which the pulp will flow and has inlet and outlet openings communicating with the pulp inlet and outlet respectively; the walls are arranged concentrically in the housing and are non-rotatable with opposite sides thereof being arranged to extend around the central line of the housing, spaced therefrom, the gap-shaped space thus acquiring the shape of a concentric annular gap; the annular gap has an extension in excess of 20 mm in the main flow direction of the medium flowing through it; there is a distribution chamber communicating with and arranged axially upstream of the annular gap in order to distribute the pulp uniformly around the entire concentric inlet opening of the annular gap.

Abstract: A wall means intended for apparatus for separation of a liquid-containing portion from a liquid-containing particle material which is fed through the apparatus in a predetermined direction (A). The wall means comprises a plurality of bar profiles defining continuous slots between them to allow through the liquid-containing portion. According to the invention each bar profile has on its inner side facing the liquid-containing particle material a ridge portion extending between the ends of the bar profile and being provided with two continuous guide surfaces which, as seen in a cross section of the rod profile, are inclined in relation to the drainage direction (B) of the liquid-containing portion through the adjacent slot. Furthermore, the inclined guide surfaces in their longitudinal direction are disposed to coincide with the predetermined direction of feed (A) of the liquid-containing particle material in order to influence the liquid-containing particle material to maintain this direction of feed (A).

Abstract: An apparatus for separating undesired particles from a suspension flow of pulp and for dividing the suspension flow into fractions is described. The apparatus comprises a housing having a first chamber with an inlet for the suspension flow and a first outlet for the undesired particles, a second chamber with a second outlet and communicating with the first chamber through a first annular gap, and a third chamber with a third outlet and communicating with the second chamber through a second annular gap, the radial extension of the second gap being less than that of the first gap. First and second rotating discs are carried by a shaft for common rotation therewith. The first disc is disposed in the first chamber in front of the first gap to separate the undesired particles by means of teeth protruding from the first disc.

Abstract: A means for receiving and subsequently emptying hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic system is described. It comprises a working cylinder (1) and a supply conduit (8) disposed between a pump and the working cylinder for supplying hydraulic fluid at high pressure within a predetermined interval. According to the invention the means also comprises a receiving cylinder (12) with a piston (19), which on one side defines a liquid space (22) for the receipt of hydraulic fluid from the working cylinder with an emptying pressure essentially lower than said high pressure, the piston (19) on the other side defines a chamber (21) containing gas at low pressure, and a high-pressure cylinder (13), which has a liquid space (28) and a plunger (30) movable therein, said liquid space (28) being connected to said supply conduit (8) to receive and return hydraulic fluid at high pressure therefrom and thereto, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus for dewatering a pulp is described, comprising a vessel having a pulp chamber for pulp to be dewatered; a pulp inlet to the vessle; pulp outlet from the vessel; a filtrate chamber with an outlet for filtrate expelled from the pulp; a stationary cylindrical screen mounted within the vessel and defining said plup chamber and filtrate chamber on opposite sides thereof; and mechanical cleaning means supported by a shaft and disposed in the pulp chamber close to the screen face of the screen for removing a mat of pulp therefrom. The apparatus further comprises a backflushing means mounted outside the vessel and including a cylinder with first and second end portions and a piston mounted within the cylinder for reciprocal movement therein. The first end portion communicates with the interior of the apparatus, and the second end portion communicates with the filtrate chamber.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating fibre material containing liquid, comprising two rotating drums (2, 3), an endless driven belt (17) pervious to liquid and gas and extending between and passing around the surfaces (8, 9) of the drums, a feeding device (10) for the supply and a discharging device (13) for the removal of the fibre material, at least one container for collecting liquid, the liquid being displaced from the fibre material through the endless driven belt (17), a continuous wall (18) impervious to liquid and gas and extending along a main part of and at a distance from the belt (17) from the feeding device (10) to the discharging device (13) in such a manenr that a continuous space (19) is defined for the fibre material between said wall (18) and the belt (17), and at least a part of the space (19), seen in the direction of movement of the belt (17), forms one or more treating zones where liquid is displaced from the fibre web through the movable belt (17) to one or more containers.

Abstract: In vertical vessels, particularly continuous pulp digesters, fibrous material suspended in liquid passes downwardly past screens through which treatment liquid is withdrawn. The screens are reciprocated vertically up and down utilizing a piston and cylinder assembly, operatively connected by a two-way valve to a source of fluid under pressure or a vent. The piston and screen are connected by a universal joint, and the screen is positively guided during movement. The piston is vertically above the screen and the screen moves downwardly under pressure from the pump, and returns upwardly, under the influence of interior digester pressure, during normal digester operation.

Abstract: A method for diffusion washing and/or thickening paper pulp having a consistency of 6 to 15%. A number of withdrawal screens and fluid introducing structures are provided supported by spider arms which comprise conduits for introduction of liquid into and withdrawal of liquid from an elongated upright hollow vessel in which the assembly is disposed. The conduit means, with attached screen structures, is reciprocated up and down by a single linear actuator located preferably above the vessel and within the cross-sectional area thereof so that the wall of the vessel need not be penetrated by the conduits. The screens and fluid introducing structures remain stationary with respect to each other during reciprocation. A number of wiper blades, which may be operated by a single linear actuator, are provided at the top of the vessel for moving upwardly flowing pulp into withdrawal conduits surrounding the vessel periphery.

Abstract: A diffusion washer and/or thickener assembly is provided that is greatly simplified. A number of withdrawal screens and fluid introducing structures are provided supported by spider arms which comprise conduits for introduction of liquid into and withdrawal of liquid from an elongated upright hollow vessel in which the assembly is disposed. The conduit means, with attached screen structures, is reciprocated up and down by a single linear actuator located preferably above the vessel and within the cross-sectional area thereof so that the wall of the vessel need not be penetrated by the conduits. The screens and fluid introducing structures remain stationary with respect to each other during reciprocation. A number of wiper blades, which may be operated by a single linear actuator, are provided at the top of the vessel for moving upwardly flowing pulp into withdrawal conduits surrounding the vessel periphery.

Abstract: A screening assembly is provided including a closed housing having an inlet and a first outlet, and a second outlet. A screen drum having a plurality of circumferential slots is mounted for rotation in the housing so that liquid passing from the inlet to the second outlet must pass through the drum slots. A a barrier member mounted on a short housing segment between the inlet and first outlet prevents short-circuiting of suspension flow from the inlet to the first outlet, and also includes a plurality of comb-like teeth extending into the drum circumferential slots. The barrier member has concave surface portions thereof adjacent the suspension inlet and outlet. The drum has a plurality of circumferentially spaced grooves or raised portions formed in or on the exterior surface thereon and extending substantially parallel to the axis of the rotation of the drum. The center lines of the inlet and first outlet preferably make an angle of about 45.degree.-90.degree.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing dense impurities, such as sand, from a fluid, such as liquids use in the production of cellulosic pulp. A vertically upstanding tank substantially circular in cross-section is provided including a top wall, bottom wall, and side wall. The fluid with dense impurities is introduced into the tank with a whirling motion. Vertical stagnation of the dense impurities against the side wall interior (which can result in damage to the tank wall) without dampening the whirling motion imparted to the fluid is prevented by mounting a perforated funnel in the tank at the area of the tank where the vertical stagnation is likely to occur.

Abstract: A diffusion washer and/or thickener assembly is provided that is greatly simplified. A number of withdrawal screens and fluid introducing structures are provided supported by spider arms which comprise conduits for introduction of liquid into and withdrawal of liquid from an elongated upright hollow vessel in which the assembly is disposed. The conduit means, with attached screen structures, is reciprocated up and down by a single linear actuator located preferably above the vessel and within the cross-sectional area thereof so that the wall of the vessel need not be penetrated by the conduits. The screens and fluid introducing structures remain stationary with respect to each other during reciprocation. A number of wiper blades, which may be operated by a single linear actuator, are provided at the top of the vessel for moving upwardly flowing pulp into withdrawal conduits surrounding the vessel periphery.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for continuously hydrolizing finely comminuted cellulosic fiber material and separately extracting the acid hydrolysate therefrom. Cellulosic material is fed into an upright elongated reaction vessel near the upper or top portion thereof and heated to hydrolysis temperature. The heated fiber material then passes downward through the reaction vessel and is concurrently treated by exposure to a short liquid phase which comprises concurrent impregnation and simultaneous concurrent hydrolysis to partially hydrolize the fiber material. The material is then exposed counter-currently to a liquid phase comprising a counter-current wash with simultaneous hydrolysis of a wash liquid which has been introduced from the bottom or lower portion of the reaction vessel, the wash liquid having been preheated to full hydrolysis temperature.

Abstract: A method for continuously digesting cellulosic fiber material so that the digested pulp has a very low quantity of reject material (i.e. one to two percent) compared to the prior art. Fiber material is continuously fed into a standing vessel downwardly through the vessel steam phase to establish a fiber level, digesting liquid being added to the vessel to maintain a liquid level therein, and the digested pulp being withdrawn from the bottom of the vessel. Spreading of the downwardly flowing fiber material in the steam phase substantially evenly over the vessel cross-section is effected and the downwardly flowing fiber material is heated by introducing a major portion of the steam to be introduced into the steam phase at a first vertical position about 0.0 to 100 cm. above the higher of the fiber and liquid levels in the vessel.Some of the steam may be added at a second vertical level, or at a third vertical level.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the continuous distribution and mixing of high concentration pulp with at least one treatment fluid such as chlorine or chlorine dioxide. An enclosed housing has a cylindrical portion, a closed conical wall portion extending inwardly from one end of the cylindrical portion, and a generally converging open conical portion extending outwardly from the other end of the cylindrical portion. High concentration pulp is introduced into the cylindrical portion of the housing, and a rapid circular movement is imparted thereto by rapidly rotating rotor transport blades, so that the pulp is essentially fluidized. Treatment fluid is added to the pulp through the cylindrical housing portion to generally form a layer over pulp rotating in the cylindrical housing portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating cooked fiber pulp as it comes from a continuous digester. The cooked pulp is bleached by intensively mixing the pulp with an oxygen containing gas, reacting the mixture while moving the mixed mass upwardly through a funnel shaped body within a pressurized reactor. The funnel shaped body is open at the upper end whereat the pulp mixture cascades over the side and flows downwardly into a ring chamber area between the reactor shell and funnel body, the pulp thereby forming a pressure barrier to any surplus gas within the reactor. The surplus unreacted gas is removed from the upper portion of the chamber for recycle with fresh pulp from the digestor and added gas. The treated pulp is removed from the lower portion of the ring chamber after passing downward therein.