Abstract: What is provided is a compound, a pattern forming substrate, a coupling agent, and a pattern formation method. The compound is represented by Formula (1).

Abstract: Provided is a compound represented by Formula (1).

Abstract: A method for producing a fluorine-containing compound represented by General formula (1), wherein X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Rf1 and Rf2 are each independently a fluorinated alkoxy group, and n represents an integer of 0 or more.

Abstract: A method for producing a chiral metal oxide structure, involves a sol-gel step of allowing a transition metal compound having a bi- or higher dentate chelate ligand to act on a chiral supramolecular crystal of an acid-base complex containing a polymer having a linear polyethyleneimine skeleton and a chiral dicarboxylic acid compound having two carboxyl groups and four or more carbon atoms to form a metal oxide layer on a surface of the chiral supramolecular crystal; and a calcination step of thermally decomposing the organic chiral supramolecular crystal after the sol-gel step to generate a transition metal oxide structure composed of the metal oxide layer prepared with the supramolecular crystal as a template.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing compound represented by General formula (1), wherein X represents a halogen atom or an alkoxy group, R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Rf1 and Rf2 are each independently a fluorinated alkoxy group, and n represents an integer of 0 or more.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method which improves the performance of a semiconductor element, and a semiconductor element with improved performance. The method for forming a semiconductor element structure includes a heterojunction forming step in which a heterojunction is formed between a strained semiconductor layer (21) in which a strained state is maintained, and relaxed semiconductor layers (23, 25). The heterojunction is formed by performing ion implantation from the surface of a substrate (50) which has a strained semiconductor layer (20) partially covered with a covering layer (30) on an insulating oxide film (40), and altering the strained semiconductor layer (20) where there is no shielding from the covering layer (30) to relaxed semiconductor layers (23, 25) by relaxing the strained state of the strained semiconductor layer (20), while maintaining the strained state of the strained semiconductor layer (21) where there is shielding from the covering layer (30).

Abstract: An image processing device separates an original image signal into a plurality of components including a first component serving as a skeleton component and a second component obtained after the first component is separated from the original image signal, obtains a signal level of the first component or the original image signal, sets a tone conversion coefficient to be applied during tone conversion based on the signal level of the first component or the original image signal, performs tone conversion processing on the first component using the tone conversion coefficient, obtains the signal level of the first component, sets a noise reduction processing parameter on the basis of the signal level of the first component, and reduces a noise of the second component using the noise reduction processing parameter and the tone conversion coefficient.

Abstract: [Problems to be Solved] Provided is a positive electrode material for an electrical device, which has high capacity and improved initial charge-discharge efficiency. [Means for Solving the Problem] Disclosed is a positive electrode material for an electrical device, which is represented by the formula (1): aLi[Li1/3Mn2/3]O2.(1?a)Li[NixCoyMn1-x-y]O2??(1) (wherein, 0<a<1, 0<x<0.5, and 0<y<0.3) and satisfies the relational expression: 2x+y<1.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a parameter setting unit which sets a noise reduction processing parameter for use in noise reduction processing for applying onto an original image signal including a plurality of color components; a correlation arithmetic processing unit which calculates coefficients of correlation between each of the color components in the original image signal; a parameter correcting unit which corrects the noise reduction processing parameter based on the coefficient of correlation; and a noise reducing unit which reduces noise in the original image signal using the corrected noise reduction processing parameter.

Abstract: A method of producing an electrolyte membrane for use in a fuel cell, including: performing radiation-induced graft polymerization of a vinyl monomer having a nucleophilic functional group selected from an acylvinyl ether derivative, a styrene derivative, and a methacrylic acid derivative, with a polymer substrate having a fluorine-containing polymer, an olefin-containing polymer, or an aromatic polymer; deprotecting an ester bond of a graft chain on the polymer substrate introduced by the radiation-induced graft polymerization; and introducing an alkylethersulfonic acid structure into the nucleophilic functional group of the graft chain thus deprotected, by use of an electrophilic reagent selected from cyclic sulfonic acid ester and alkylhalide sulfonate.

Abstract: Provided is a component extraction/correction device, comprising: a decomposition unit that decomposes an original image signal into a plurality of frequency bands to generate a plurality of band signals; an extraction unit that extracts a skeleton component from among a plurality of components constituting the band signal; a first correction unit that corrects the extracted skeleton component by using the band signal and one component other than the skeleton component among the plurality of components; and a second correction unit that corrects the one component by using the corrected skeleton component and the band signal.

Abstract: A noise removal device that removes noise from an image signal includes: a separation unit that separates the image signal into at least two subband signals; a parameter setting unit that sets a plurality of coring ranges in relation to at least one of the subband signals; and a coring unit that performs coring processing on the basis of the plurality of coring ranges.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus that corrects an image signal constituted by a plurality of color signals, includes a separation unit that separates the image signal into two or more subband signals; a selection unit that selects a correction processing subject color signal from the plurality of color signals; an S/N estimation unit that estimates an S/N ratio in relation to the subband signal of the color signal selected by the selection unit; a coefficient setting unit that sets a coefficient on the basis of the S/N ratio; and a correction unit that performs correction processing on the subband signal of the selected color signal by adding the subband signal of the correction processing subject color signal to the subband signal of another color signal not subject to the correction processing on the basis of the coefficient.

Abstract: A compound represented by a formula 1 shown below. In the formula 1, each of R1 and R2 independently represents a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and substituents composed of C, H and/or X (wherein X represents a hetero atom), and each of Z1 and Z2 independently represents a group selected from the group consisting of aromatic substituents composed of C and H, aromatic substituents composed of C, H and X (wherein X represents a hetero atom), groups containing an aromatic ring and a double-bonded and/or triple-bonded conjugated structure composed of C and H, and groups containing an aromatic ring and a double-bonded and/or triple-bonded conjugated structure composed of C, H and/or X (wherein X represents a hetero atom).

Abstract: A cosmetic in an emulsified state, in which a titanium dioxide microparticle coated with hydrous silicic acid and/or a hydrous silicate compound, a higher alcohol, an oily component other than the higher alcohol, and a polysaccharide are contained, and the polysaccharide containing at least one of fucose, glucose, glucuronic acid and rhamnose as a constituent monosaccharide, and having fucose and/or rhamnose in a side chain is contained in an amount of 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight relative to the total amount of the cosmetic. And a cosmetic containing the higher alcohol, the oily component and the polysaccharide in an emulsified state, in which the higher alcohol is composed of two or more kinds of higher alcohols having different molecular weights, and is contained in the cosmetic in an amount of 1% by weight to 20% by weight relative to the total amount of the cosmetic.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a parameter setting unit which sets a noise reduction processing parameter for use in noise reduction processing for applying onto an original image signal including a plurality of color components; a correlation arithmetic processing unit which calculates coefficients of correlation between each of the color components in the original image signal; a parameter correcting unit which corrects the noise reduction processing parameter based on the coefficient of correlation; and a noise reducing unit which reduces noise in the original image signal using the corrected noise reduction processing parameter.

Abstract: An image processing device that processes an image signal in which at least one of a predetermined plural number of color signals intended to constitute the image signal in each pixel is missing in accordance with a pixel position comprises: a component separation unit that separates the color signal into a plurality of components including a first component U, which is a skeleton component, and a second component V obtained from the residual difference between the color signal and the first component; a first interpolation unit that interpolates the first component U such that the first component U in a pixel position in which the color signal is missing is interpolated; and a second interpolation unit that interpolates the second component V such that the second component V in a pixel position in which the color signal is missing is interpolated.

Abstract: A novel calixarene compound, a method for manufacturing the same, an intermediate of the calixarene compound, and a composition comprising the same are provided. The calixarene compound is expected to be useful as an inclusion compound and, if functional groups are introduced, can be used for a curable composition and a photoresist and as an inclusion compound.

Abstract: Provided is a component extraction/correction device, comprising: a decomposition unit that decomposes an original image signal into a plurality of frequency bands to generate a plurality of band signals; an extraction unit that extracts a skeleton component from among a plurality of components constituting the band signal; a first correction unit that corrects the extracted skeleton component by using the band signal and one component other than the skeleton component among the plurality of components; and a second correction unit that corrects the one component by using the corrected skeleton component and the band signal.

Abstract: The invention provides an emulsification technique which permits the formation of functional oil/water or functional granules/water emulsion systems excellent in thermal stability and long-term stability and which can attain the emulsification independent of required HLB of the functional oils, and the dispersion independent of surface properties of the functional granules. In the technique is used an emulsifying dispersant comprising, as the main component, vesicles formed from an amphiphilic substance capable of self-assembly or an emulsifying dispersant comprising single particles of a biopolymer as the main component. The particles made from amphiphilic substances capable of self-assembly are used.