Abstract: An optical memory comprising a doping modulated multilayer made of amorphous semiconductor, and at least two electrodes, one of the electrodes being transparent and the multilayer being sandwiched between two electrodes. Data is written by increasing the electrical conductance of the amorphous semiconductor by irradiating it is light. Data is erased by the application of a bias voltage to the electrodes and also by irradiating the amorphous semiconductor with light having photon energy of approximately half or less of the optical energy band gap of the amorphous semiconductor. The memory effect can be maintained for a week or longer, and the memory can be erased without heating the memory device, whereby the lifetime of the device is lengthened.

Abstract: An optical memory comprising a doping modulated multilayer made of amorphous semiconductor, and at least two electrodes, one of the electrodes being transparent and the multilayer being sandwiched between two electrodes. Data is written by increasing the electrical conductance of the amorphous semiconductor by irradiating it with light. Data is erased by the application of a bias voltage to the electrodes and also by irradiating the amorphous semiconductor with light having photon energy of approximately half or less of the optical energy band gap of the amorphous semiconductor. The memory effect can be maintained for a week or longer, and the memory can be erased without heating the memory device, whereby the lifetime of the device is lengthened.

Abstract: L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin, L-sepiapterin, 1',2'-diacetyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin and 6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin can be used for the therapeutic treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease and of patients with depression.

Abstract: Novel compounds, 3,5-di-tert-butylstyrene derivatives and their salts, are disclosed, which derivatives are represented by the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 stands for an acyloxy group represented by R.sup.3 COO (R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group with C.sub.1 -C.sub.6), an alkoxyl group of R.sub.4 O (R.sup.4 is an alkyl group with C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), a hydroxyl group, or a hydrogen atom; R.sup.2 stands for ##STR2## (R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group with C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 and X.sup.1 is CH.sub.2 or an oxygen atom), ##STR3## (R.sup.5 and X.sup.1 are each the same as defined above), or ##STR4## (X.sup.2 is an oxygen or sulfur atom).

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which an optically active monoalkyl ester of .beta.-(S)-aminoglutaric acid is prepared by subjecting a dialkyl ester of .beta.-protected aminoglutaric acid to the action of a culture broth, cells, or treated cells of a microorganism capable of stereoselectively hydrolyzing only one of the ester groups in the above-mentioned dialkyl ester to produce an optically active monoalkyl ester of .beta.-protected (S)-aminoglutaric acid, and then removing the amino-protecting group from the product. An optically active monoalkyl ester of .beta.-(S)-aminoglutaric acid is useful as a starting material for synthesizing .beta.-lactam antibiotics of carbapenem type such as thienamycin.

Abstract: A process is disclosed in which an amino acid-producing microorganism having an ability to assimilate lactic acid is aerobically cultivated in the presence of at least one lactic acid microorganism in an aqueous nutrient medium containing at least one carbohydrate which is assimilable by the lactic acid microorganism but nonassimilable or weakly assimilable by the amino acid-producing microorganism as the main carbon source and an accumulated amino acid is recovered from the culture broth. An industrially advantageous production of an amino acid has become feasible by utilizing inexpensive carbon sources or those organic substances in agricultural or livestock wastes that have heretofore not been effectively utilized.

Abstract: A process is disclosed wherein an optically active .beta.-mercaptoalkanoic acid represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, is prepared by(1) reacting an optically active .beta.-hydroxyalkanoic acid represented by formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is the same as defined above, with a halogenating reagent to prepare an optically active .beta.-haloalkanoyl halide represented by formula (III): ##STR3## wherein X is halogen and R.sub.1 is the same as defined above; (2) reacting the .beta.-haloalkanoyl halide with water or an aqueous alkaline solution to prepare an optically active .beta.-haloalkanoic acid represented by formula (IV): ##STR4## wherein X and R.sub.1 are each the same as defined above, or a salt thereof, respectively; and(3) reacting the .beta.

Abstract: A stable composition of S-adenosyl-L-methionine is disclosed which includes a salt of S-adenosyl-L-methionine and a pharmaceutically acceptable, water-soluble salt of a bivalent or trivalent metal. The salt of S-adenosyl-L-methionine is, for example, a salt of S-adenosyl-L-methionine with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, or maleic acid; or a double salt of S-adenosyl-L-methionine with the foregoing acids. The salt of a bivalent or trivalent metal is, for example, calcium chloride, ferric chloride, magnesium chloride, or magnesium sulfate. A process for preparing the composition is also disclosed. The composition is suitable for preparing pharmaceutical preparations of S-adenosyl-L-methionine.

Abstract: A membrane for electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride solution using a finger type electrolytic cell equipped with a cation exchange membrane, wherein areas of said membrane not facing the effective electrolytic surface of the anode have a higher stiffness and a lower anion permeability than the areas of said membrane facing the effective electrolytic surface of the anode, thus reducing the alkali metal chloride content in the alkali metal hydroxide aqueous solution obtained from the cathodic chamber.

Abstract: A cylindrical cation exchange membrane is described for use in electrolysis of an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution in a finger type electrolytic cell, wherein the equivalent weight of the area not facing the effective electrolytic surface of anode is greater than the equivalent weight of the areas facing the effective electrolytic surface, thus permitting a reduction of the alkali metal chloride content of an effluent from a cathodic chamber.

Abstract: A new antibiotic designated as auromomycin is prepared from the culture broth of Streptomyces macromomyceticus, a macromomycin-producing strain, as yellow crystals. Auromomycin is recovered in pure form from the culture broth by using hydrophobic chromatography with Octyl Sephalose CL-4B or Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B.