Abstract: The invention relates to a knee pad for athletes which has a cushion part which covers the front and side of the knee and fastening means surrounding parts of the thigh and of the lower leg in the region of the knee, and in order to obtain optimal protection it proposes that the fastening means comprise two fastening strips which are connected, extending approximately parallel, to the cushion part (1) at two different heights, and that the cushion part (1) has a stretchable elastic region (6) between the attachment of the upper fastening strip (2) and the attachment of the lower fastening strip (3), said elastic region connecting two less stretchable cushion regions (4, 5).

Abstract: In a cooled composite piston having a cooling passage adjacent to the interface and a method of making same, the upper part consists of forged steel and is formed on its underside with ribs bearing on mating surfaces of the lower part. To improve the resistance to thermal and mechanical stresses, the upper part has been welded by means of charge carrier rays to the lower part, which consists of cast ferrous material.

Abstract: An arc welding process is used for form wear-resistant surfaces at least in the uppermost ring groove of aluminum alloy pistons for internal combustion engines. To reduce the manufacturing costs and to avoid an increase of the weight of the piston, the piston blank is formed by machining with a groove in at least one region to be provided with a ring groove having wear-resistant surfaces. During a rotation of the piston blank about its longitudinal axis said groove is entirely filled by arc welding with a filler material which comprises a silicon-containing aluminum alloy. The molten pool is solidified as quickly as possible by an adequate cooling. The ring groove is subsequently formed by machining.

Abstract: A rotating band of projectiles is made of a compound sleeve bearing material. The compound material comprises a carrier material and a porous slide layer applied thereto and having pores filled with a polytetrafluoroethylene mixture. The outer surface of the slide layer is coated with a cover layer of a polytetrafluoroethylene mixture. The rotating band is held in place in the groove by a latching connection.

Abstract: A device is provided for making a firm but releasable joint between a steering wheel which is connected to the steering column and a locking bolt that is movable by means of a lock cylinder.In order to provide between the hub of the steering hub and the locking bolt a joint which cannot be forcibly released from the outside, the diecast steering wheel hub is pot-shaped on the side facing the steering column and its cylindrical flange which in concentric to the steering column is provided on its inside periphery with a multiplicity of axial grooves for receiving the locking bolt. A metal ring is provided in front of the end faces of the grooves and is firmly connected to the land disposed between the grooves.

Abstract: Ceramic inserts are embedded in thermally highly loaded zones and/or as a heat insulation in light metal castings for use in internal combustion engines.To provide a firm joint between the insert and the light metal, a metallic material which resists creep and/or relaxation is shrunk on the insert before it is embedded.

Abstract: In a steering wheel covered with a layer of plastic material, the steering wheel hub is connected to the steering wheel rim by a steering wheel spoke. To reduce the manufacture expenditure, the spoke is embedded in the steering wheel hub consisting of an aluminum pressure diecasting and the spoke as well as the portion of the steering wheel rim to which the spoke is connected are embedded by a pressure-diecast layer.

Abstract: A composite material for sliding surface bearings comprises a gacking shell of steel, which is covered by a bearing metal layer of sintered porour bronze having a porosity of 25 to 45%. The voids of the bronze layer are filled with a fluorocarbon-lead mixture. The bearing metal layer is covered by an anti-friction layer consisting of the fluorocarbon-lead mixture in a thickness of, for example, 30 to 500 microns.To permit of a machining of the anti-friction layer the bronze layer has a thickness of 250 to 350 microns and a porosity of 25 to 45% and the fluorocarbon-lead mixture comprises 30 to 60% by weight polyvinylidene fluorinde and 20 to 50% by weight lead.

Abstract: A composite piston for internal combustion engines having a lower part and an upper part composed of ferrous material and joined together by a centering screw-threaded ring, is provided with the screw-threaded ring which comprises internal screw threads adjacent the lower rim thereof and an internal annular rib adjacent the upper rim thereof, the lower part of the piston has a corresponding annular recess adjacent its upper rim configured to enable the screw-threaded ring to be screwed onto the upper rim of the lower part of the piston and the upper part has an annular recess in the upper rim thereof configured to receive the internal annular rib, when the screw threaded ring is screwed onto the lower part, with the axially extending and radially extending boundary surfaces of the internal rib forced against the confronting boundary surfaces of the annular recess of the upper part.

Abstract: In a composite, liquid-cooled piston, the upper part consists of ferrous material and is joined by conventional means to the lower part. A ring is provided on the underside of the upper part which bears on the corresponding surface of the lower part and constitutes a radially inner boundary of a cooling passage which is disposed on the upper part and open to the interfacial plane. To improve the cooling action in the hottest regions of the upper part and to achieve a more uniform distribution of temperature in the ring carrying over of the upper part of piston, the upper portion of the wall defining the cooling passage is coated with a material having a high thermal conductivity.

Abstract: In a liquid-cooled, composite piston for internal-combustion engines, particularly for medium-speed diesel engines, comprising a lower part, which made of a material comprising an eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy which lower part is connected to an upper part comprised of a ferrous material, said upper part formed on its underside with a concentric top rib, which rib forces the opposite bearing surface of the lower part and is so arranged that the rib constitutes the radially inner boundary of an annular cooling channel, which is disposed in the upper part behind the top land of the piston and behind at least part of the ring-carrying portion of the piston said rib also defining a central cooling chamber, which is disposed in the upper part and which communicates with the cooling channel by radial coolant bores, the improvement comprising a ring comprised of a ferrous material concentrically disposed and gripped between the bearing surface of the bearing rib and the opposite bearing surface of the lower part o

Abstract: To provide for separate expansion control actions at the top and bottom edges of the skirt of an expansion-controlled light alloy piston, to prevent a direct propagation of deformation between the top and bottom edges of the skirt and to reduce the skirt area between the top and bottom edges of the skirt, the skirt of the piston is provided at its periphery with a transverse slot, which extends around the entire periphery of the skirt or part thereof and is disposed on the level of the piston pin boss.

Abstract: A motor-vehicle steering wheel has a rim, spokes and a deformable member, which occupies part of a bowl space and lies on a recessed hub of the steering wheel. In order to increase the passive safety, the rim of the steering wheel, the outside periphery of the hub of the steering wheel, the spokes of the steering wheel, and the surface of the deformable member are covered with a coherent layer of polyurethane integral skin foam.

Abstract: An improved process for shaping the edge of a combustion chamber recess in the piston head of a finish-machined light-alloy piston is disclosed wherein the piston is moved past the oscillating charged carrier beam at an angle of inclination of 40.degree. to 50.degree., the charged carrier beam is caused to act on that portion of the rim of the combustion chamber recess which is to be refined by being remelted and the charged carrier rays are moved over said portion only once. The process presents the formation of cracks at the edge of the chamber.

Abstract: In a cast light-alloy piston having a skirt which is recessed adjacent to the piston pin bosses, the two sides of the skirt are unsymmetrical with respect to the piston pin bosses.For an improved adaptation to the different conditions of operation of the engine, the skirt is connected to the piston pin bosses on one side by supporting ribs which extend at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees to the piston pin axis, and on the other side by supporting ribs extending at an angle of 90.degree. to the piston pin axis.

Abstract: An improvement in a bowl-shaped steering wheel for a motor vehicle which steering wheel comprises a rim and a hub, the improvement residing in a deformable body disposed between said rim and said hub, said deformable body being a knitted metal wire which is embedded in a homogeneous plastically deformable foamed plastic material.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved three-point safety belt for use in an automobile having a body containing a door where the three-point safety belt is secured at one end to the body and at the other end to a region of the body proximate the door. The three-point safety belt comprises an automatic winder and a pelvis strap mount, the pelvis strap mount being connected to a first prestressed spring, the mount being slidably mounted on a rod having on at least one side thereof engaging means. The mount has connected thereto cooperating engaging means for engaging the engaging means on the rod. The mount cooperating engaging means engages the engaging means on the rod when the mount is urged toward the spring. The mount is mounted against a release mechanism responsive to a threshhold deceleration, whereby when the threshhold deceleration is exceeded, the release mechanism releases the mount and allows the same to slide on the rod.

Abstract: A steering wheel for motor vehicles comprises a rim, a hub recessed from the rim and spokes connecting the rim to the hub. A deformable box-shaped member is connected to the spokes and disposed between the hub and the rim of the steering wheel for deforming movement relative to the rim, spokes and hub. The deformable member deforms to cushion the blow to an operator upon impact by an operator during a collision.

Abstract: In a liquid cooled, assembled piston for an internal combustion engine which has a lower piston part, an upper piston part connected thereto, an annular cooling passage disposed in the upper piston part behind the top land and at least part of the ring-carrying portion thereof, an input coolant conduit in the lower piston part, a central cooling chamber disposed between the two piston parts and a supporting ring concentrically disposed on the underside of the upper piston part and between the annular cooling passage and the central cooling chamber, there is provided an oil guiding ring including a flange gripped between the two piston parts and a lip connected to the flange and protruding into the annular cooling passage for effecting the flow of the oil along the periphery of the cooling passage as it enters same from the input coolant conduit.

Abstract: A light alloy piston for diesel engines includes a piston head coated with a hard annodized layer having a combustion chamber recess and/or a fuel-guiding channel provided adjacent to the edge of the combustion chamber recess and/or valve pockets. The piston head is free of a hard anodized layer in those regions which are highly stressed by gas and mass forces. Preferably those regions of the piston head adjacent to edge portions of the combustion chamber recess lying in the direction of the piston pin are free of a hard anodized layer.