Abstract: A process for reacting titanium tetrachloride vapors with oxygen to produce titanium dioxide wherein the oxygen is introduced into the reactor in at least two points. The process has the ability to control properties, such as particle size, of the raw pigment produced. The temperature of the oxygen introduced to the reactor at the further inlet point is above, below, or at the same temperature of the oxygen introduced at the first inlet point. The further inlet point can be located before or after the all the titanium tetrachloride has been introduced into the reactor. The titanium tetrachloride is introduced at a relatively low temperature, below about 427° C., and the reaction temperature in the reactor is at least about 700° C. The process includes the use of an auxilary fuel such as carbon monoxide, methane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, benzene, xylene, toluene, or combinations thereof for increasing the temperature in the reactor.

Abstract: There are provided titanium dioxide pigments characterized by improved gloss developing and dispersibility properties in surface coating vehicles and reduced dispersant requirements. Said titanium dioxide pigments comprise pigmentary titanium dioxide particles having deposited thereon a treating agent comprising at least one amine salt of a monoprotic.

Abstract: A process for treating radioactive contaminated soils to remove radioactive contaminants therefrom includes creating a suspension of particles of the soil in water, and directing the slurry to a particle size separator. The small particles including radioactive contaminants are collected and handled for radioactive waste material storage. The aqueous slurry of large soil particles is directed to separators for removing substantial amounts of water after which the particles are directed to a conveyor and spread out to a substantially uniform thickness and detected for any radioactivity. Portions of material in which radioactive particles are detected are diverted and the uncontaminated soil material is recovered.

Abstract: Improved coated inorganic pigments having a first coating of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, or optionally other oxide such as a source of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, or mixtures thereof, an optional coating of ZrO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2 or mixtures thereof, and a final coating of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 which exhibit good durability, dispersibility, and optical properties in plastic or paint compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed is a process whereby an aqueous slurry of an inorganic pigment is milled to achieve a particular particle size distribution, a first coating of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, or optionally other oxide such as a source of P.sub.2 O.sub.5, or mixtures thereof is precipitated onto the pigment material within a first pH range, an optional amount of ZrO.sub.2, SnO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2 or mixtures thereof is added to the aqueous slurry within a second pH range to obtain an optional coating over the first coating, and a final coating of Al.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: A process for preparing a low-dusting, free-flowing pigment which has not been subjected to any micronizing treatment comprising the steps of providing an inorganic pigment material; providing a source of water; forming a fine, well dispersed slurry of the pigment and water; milling the slurry; depositing a treating agent having the formula ROOCCHSO.sub.3 MCH.sub.2 COOR' wherein R and R' are monovalent alkyl radicals having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is a metallic monovalent cation on the slurried milled pigment; and drying the pigment material having a treating agent deposited thereon. The invention also provides the free-flowing pigments produced by this process.

Abstract: A continuous method of preparing a single phase lithiated manganese oxide intercalation compound of the formula Li.sub.1+x Mn.sub.2-x O.sub.4 comprising the steps of: mixing intimately a lithium hydroxide or a lithium salt and a manganese oxide or a manganese salt; feeding the intimately mixed salts to a reactor; continuously agitating the mixed salts in the reactor; heating the agitated mixed salts in the reactor at a temperature of from about 650 .degree. C. to about 800.degree. C. for a time not in excess of about 4 hours in an oxygen-containing atmosphere; and cooling the reacted product to less than about 200.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere for a time not in excess of about 2 hours.

Abstract: A process for reacting titanium tetrachloride vapors with oxygen including a first oxygen preheat assembly for preheating oxygen to a first predetermined temperature and a titanium tetrachloride preheat assembly for preheating titanium tetrachloride to a relatively low, temperature. The process includes adding a second oxygen preheat assembly for preheating oxygen to a second temperature substantially below the first temperature, and includes a second reaction zone adapted for receiving the mixture from the first reaction zone, the oxygen at the second temperature being reacted with the titanium tetrachloride in the mixture from the first reaction zone to produce titanium dioxide. Also provided is a process for the preparation of titanium dioxide comprising reacting titanium tetrachloride with oxygen at an elevated pressure and at a temperature above about 1750.degree. F.

Abstract: Thermoplastic concentrates comprising inorganic pigments, such as titanium dioxide, treated with a dialkyl sulfosuccinate treating agent, of the formula ROOCCHSO.sub.3 MCH.sub.2 COOR', where R and R' are monovalent alkyl radicals containing from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms and M is a metallic monovalent cation, are disclosed. Such treatment improves the dispersibility of the pigments in thermoplastic resins. The treatment also enables the production of thermoplastic concentrates comprising a high percentage of treated inorganic pigment dispersed in a thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Li.sub.2 M.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 which comprises the steps of providing LiM.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 ; providing a lithium salt; forming a mixture of the LiM.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 and lithium salt in a liquid medium; adding a reducing agent to the mixture; heating for sufficient time to effect substantially complete conversion; and separating the product Li.sub.2 M.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 .

Abstract: The present invention provides modified particulate metal oxides having desired properties and methods of producing the metal oxides. The methods basically comprise the steps of reacting a particulate metal oxide in an aqueous solution or emulsion containing ceric ion to produce hydroxyl free radicals on the surfaces of the metal oxide and then reacting the metal oxide with a polymerizable vinyl monomer to graft the monomer to the metal oxide and polymerize the monomer. The graft polymerized metal oxide compositions produced have improved properties such as compatibility and ease of mixing with water based, oil based and plastics formulations.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Li.sub.1+x Mn.sub.2 O.sub.4 comprising the steps of providing LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 or .beta.-MnO.sub.2 ; providing a source of lithium; dissolving lithium from the lithium source in a liquid medium in which lithium generates solvated electrons or the reduced form of an electron-transfer catalyst; and contacting the LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 or .beta.-MnO.sub.2 with the liquid medium containing the dissolved lithium and the solvated electrons or the reduced form of the electron-transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A rutile mixed metal oxide pigment can be prepared by calcining a rutile ore with a transition metal oxide. The rutile mixed oxide pigment can be dispersed in an emulsion to produce a paint or coating or the pigment can be combined with a network former and network modifier to produce a ceramic glaze.

Abstract: Pigmentary titanium dioxide having a high durability when used in paint or the like exposed to solar radiation and methods of producing such pigmentary titanium dioxide are provided. The durable pigmentary titanium dioxide of the invention is comprised of rutile titanium dioxide particles having cerium oxide and dense amorphous silica deposited thereon. The particles preferably also have an outer coating of hydrous alumina deposited thereon.

Abstract: A continuous method of preparing a single phase lithiated manganese oxide intercalation compound of the formula Li.sub.1+x Mn.sub.2-x O.sub.4 comprising the steps of: mixing intimately a lithium hydroxide or a lithium salt and a manganese oxide or a manganese salt; feeding the intimately mixed salts to a reactor; continuously agitating the mixed salts in the reactor; heating the agitated mixed salts in the reactor at a temperature of from about 650.degree. C. to about 800.degree. C. for a time not in excess of about 4 hours in an oxygen-containing atmosphere; and cooling the reacted product to less than about 200.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere for a time not in excess of about 2 hours.

Abstract: Improved alumina-coated inorganic pigments having a first coating of boehmite alumina, a second coating of amorphous alumina, and a third coating of boehmite alumina which exhibit good durability, dispersibility, and optical properties in plastic compositions are disclosed. Also disclosed is a process whereby an aqueous slurry of an alumina-containing inorganic pigment is milled to achieve a particular particle size distribution, a first coating of boehmite alumina is precipitated onto the pigment material within a first pH range, a second amount of an alumina coating agent is added to the aqueous slurry within a second pH range to obtain a second coating of amorphous alumina over the first boehmite alumina coating, and then the pH of the slurry is adjusted to a third pH range thus forming a third boehmite alumina coating over the second amorphous alumina coating.

Abstract: A method for separating coarse particles from TiO.sub.2 powder in a fine powder composition by the steps of: providing a system in which a source of the fine powder composition communicates with a minimally fluidizable bed of the fine powder composition within the system; delivering the fine powder composition from the source to the bed; imparting energy into the bed and delivering a fluidizing gas to the bed at a rate to cause the TiO.sub.2 powder and coarse particles of the fine powder composition to separate into a TiO.sub.2 powder phase and a coarse particle phase; removing the TiO.sub.2 powder from the system; and removing the coarse particles from the system.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Li.sub.2 Mn.sub.2 O.sub.4 comprising the steps of providing .beta.-MnO.sub.2 or .lambda.-MnO.sub.2 ; providing a source of lithium; dissolving lithium from the lithium source in a liquid medium in which lithium generates solvated electrons or the reduced form of an electron-transfer catalyst; and contacting the .beta.-MnO.sub.2 or .lambda.-MnO.sub.2 with the liquid medium containing the dissolved lithium and the solvated electrons or the reduced form of the electron-transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Li.sub.2 Mn.sub.2 O.sub.4 comprising the steps of providing LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 ; providing a source of lithium; dissolving lithium from the lithium source in a liquid medium in which lithium generates solvated electrons or the reduced form of an electron-transfer catalyst; and contacting the LiMn.sub.2 O.sub.4 with the liquid medium containing the dissolved lithium and the solvated electrons or the reduced form of the electron-transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing Li.sub.2 M.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 which comprises the steps of providing LiM.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 ; providing a lithium salt; forming a mixture of the LiM.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4 and lithium salt in a liquid medium; adding a reducing agent to the mixture; heating for sufficient time to effect substantially complete conversion; and separating the product Li.sub.2 M.sub.b Mn.sub.2-b O.sub.4.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing TiO.sub.2 by reacting O.sub.2 and TICl.sub.4 in a reactor tube wherein pressure fluctuations in the flow of fluids through the reactor tube are sensed and output signals are generated proportional to the sensed pressure fluctuations. The flow of at least one of the TiCl.sub.4 or O.sub.2 is then varied through the reactor tube in response to predetermined pressure fluctuations so as to increase the efficiency of the reaction between TiCl.sub.4 and the O.sub.2. The efficiency of the reaction between O.sub.2 and TiCl.sub.4 in the reactor tube is achieved by a control apparatus operably connected to the reactor assembly which is capable of monitoring pressure fluctuations in TCl.sub.4 and O.sub.2 through the reactor assembly so that the flow of at least one of the TiCl.sub.4 or O.sub.2 can be varied in response to predetermined pressure fluctuations. The control apparatus includes a sensor assembly, a signal conditioning unit and a signal processing unit.