Abstract: A method to measure acid diversion efficiency in rock samples. The method includes measuring a first porosity and a permeability of the rock samples. The method includes flooding a core region of the rock sample with a hydrochloric acid (HCl) system to create a wormhole, wherein during the flooding the HCl system penetrates from a first end of the rock sample to a second end of the rock sample to form the wormhole. The method includes measuring a second porosity, a pore size distribution, and a diffusion tortuosity of the rock samples with NMR. The method includes establishing a diversion index (DI) based off a ratio between the diffusion tortuosity in a first direction and the diffusion tortuosity in a second direction. The method includes determining the acid diversion efficiency based off the diversion index.

Abstract: A testing pressure vessel for permeability testing of a cured concrete sample. The testing pressure vessel includes a cylindrical pressure vessel with a sample injection port and a casing fluid injection port, and a casing fluid outlet port and an outlet port. The testing pressure vessel also includes a hydraulic inlet, and a sleeve positioned adjacent to an inner surface of the cylindrical pressure vessel and the hydraulic inlet. The testing pressure vessel further includes a plurality of pressure ports to measure a pressure exerted on the sleeve. The testing involves applying confining pressure and injection pressure to the cured concrete sample, to have the confining pressure to at least 300 psi higher than the injection pressure until a predetermined injection pressure is achieved. The testing further includes measuring the permeability of the cured concrete sample directly by measuring the pressure exerted on the sleeve.

Abstract: A doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) speed control system is provided. The system includes a wind turbine and a wound rotor induction generator connected to the wind turbine through a drive train system and to a power grid. The system further includes a back-to-back voltage source converter (VSC) with a rotor side converter (RSC) and a grid side converter (GSC). The RSC is connected to the wound rotor induction generator and the GSC is connected to the power grid. A wind profile sensor measures a wind profile and a VSC controller provides control to the RSC and the GSC. The VSC controller applies a nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control (NSFTSMC) scheme at the RSC at least partially based on the received wind profile to stabilize a rotor speed of the wound rotor induction generator.

Abstract: A method for mitigating gas override in an hydrocarbon reservoir by increasing sweep efficiency and consequently improving incremental oil recovery is provided with at least one injection well, at least one production well, and an hydrocarbon reservoir. The injection well and the production well are in fluid communication with the hydrocarbon reservoir. An injection blend produced by mixing a displacement fluid with an organic solvent is transferred into the hydrocarbon reservoir through the injection well. Preferably, the displacement fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide and the organic solvent is triethyl citrate. The higher density and the viscosity of the injection blend are vital in reducing gravity override and improving sweep efficiency. A resulting injection blend is extracted from the production well and the organic solvent is separated. Since the organic solvent can be reused, the method of mitigating gas override can be financially and operationally beneficial.

Abstract: A method for producing mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates involving solvothermal treatment of a solution of a magnesium salt, a base, a glycol, and water is disclosed. The method does not use a surfactant or template in the solvothermal treatment. The method yields mesoporous nanoparticles of magnesium hydroxide having a plate-like morphology with a diameter of 20 nm to 100 nm, a mean pore diameter of 2 to 10 nm, a surface area of 50 to 70 m2/g, and a type-III nitrogen adsorption-desorption BET isotherm with a H3 hysteresis loop. An antibacterial composition containing the mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates is also disclosed. A method for reducing nitroaromatic compounds with a reducing agent and the mesoporous magnesium hydroxide nanoplates as a catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling a hybrid microgrid system (HMS) is disclosed. The HMS includes a WTG, an RSC, a GSC, a DC-link connecting the RSC and the GSC, a PV system that outputs a DC current to the DC-link, a rechargeable battery, a bidirectional BBC connected between the DC-link and the rechargeable battery, and a controller. The method for controlling the HMS includes: preparing a definition set including a characteristic element ci and equations defining desired value ci*, a fractional order sliding mode surface ?i, and a control law element uicnt; monitoring ci(t) and the HMS status; calculating the equations based on monitored information; and controlling the HMS based on the uicnt (t) calculated and in accordance with a global sliding mode control with fractional order terms. The ?i comprises a fractional time integral and fractional time derivative of ei(t), where ei(t)=ci(t)?ci*(t). The uicnt(t) satisfies ? i ( t ) ? d ? ? i ( t ) dt < 0 , when ?i(t)?0.

Abstract: A facies classification apparatus and method of training the apparatus is provided for seismic image super-resolution. The apparatus includes an input for receiving a low resolution seismic images extracted from a seismic volume and a feature extraction section to extract features from the low resolution images. A non-linear feature mapping section generates feature maps using a self-calibrated block with pixel attention having a plurality of Depthwise Separable Convolution (DSC) layers. A late upsampling section combines at least one DSC layer that upsamples the feature maps to a predetermined dimension. An output provides approximate upsampled super-resolution seismic images that correspond to the low resolution seismic images, with a desired scale of at least two times the low resolution seismic image. A pretrained facies classifier classifies facies in the seismic volume based on the approximate upsampled super-resolution seismic images to obtain class labels.

Abstract: A system and a method for controlling a hybrid microgrid system (HMS) is disclosed. The HMS includes a WTG, an RSC, a GSC, a DC-link connecting the RSC and the GSC, a PV system that outputs a DC current to the DC-link, a rechargeable battery, a bidirectional BBC connected between the DC-link and the rechargeable battery, and a controller. The method for controlling the HMS includes: preparing a definition set including a characteristic element ci and equations defining desired value c*i, a fractional order sliding mode surface ?i, and a control law element ?icnt; monitoring ci(t) and the HMS status; calculating the equations based on monitored information; and controlling the HMS based on the ?icnt(t) calculated and in accordance with a global sliding mode control with fractional order terms. The ?i comprises a fractional time integral and fractional time derivative of ei(t), where ei(t)=ci(t)?c*i(t). The ?icnt(t) satisfies ? i ( t ) ? d ? ? i ( t ) dt < 0 , when ?i(t)?0.

Abstract: A CoVOx composite electrode and method of making is described. The composite electrode comprises a substrate with an average 0.5-5 ?m thick layer of CoVOx having pores with average diameters of 2-200 nm. The method of making the composite electrode involves contacting the substrate with an aerosol comprising a solvent, a cobalt complex, and a vanadium complex. The CoVOx composite electrode is capable of being used in an electrochemical cell for water oxidation.

Abstract: A circuit and methods describing a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) rectifier for use in radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting with body biasing by the RF input to control the threshold voltage of each transistor. The CMOS rectifier includes an energy harvesting antenna, and multiple rectifier stages. The antenna receives electromagnetic radiation from the environment and generates a DC current. The oscillating input current is an RF+ positive current during a first half cycle and is an RF? negative current during a second half cycle. A first rectifier stage includes a first capacitor connected to the RF+ positive current, a second capacitor connected to the RF? negative current and a cross coupled CMOS circuit connected to the antenna.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal during acid stimulation of an oil and gas well that involves treating the oil and gas well with an acidic treatment fluid that includes 10 to 28 wt. % of an acid, based on a total weight of the acidic treatment fluid, and a corrosion inhibitor composition containing gelatin, wherein the gelatin is present in the acidic treatment fluid in a concentration of 0.1 to 10% by weight per total volume of the acidic treatment fluid.

Abstract: An antenna system and a method for fabricating an antenna system are disclosed. The antenna system includes a substrate having a top side and a bottom side, a single straight microstrip line on the top side of the substrate, a microstrip power divider (PD) on the top side of the substrate, and a ground plane on the bottom side. An input end of the single straight microstrip line is adjacent and vertical to a first edge of the substrate, and an output end of the single straight microstrip line is open. An input end of the microstrip PD is adjacent and vertical to a second edge of the substrate, and eight output ends of the microstrip PD are open. The first edge is parallel to the second edge. Further, three concentric square slots are etched on the ground plane.

Abstract: A process for removing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from a H2S-containing gas composition includes charging a liquid to a reactor under continuous agitation and dispersing particles of a zinc-based zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) in the liquid to form a ZIF-8 mixture. The method further includes introducing the H2S-containing gas composition to the reactor containing the ZIF-8 mixture under continuous agitation and passing the H2S-containing gas composition through the ZIF-8 mixture. In addition, the method includes adsorbing the H2S from the H2S-containing gas composition onto the ZIF-8 to remove the H2S from the H2S-containing gas composition and form a purified gas composition.

Abstract: A drilling fluid includes an aqueous base fluid; 1 to 30 wt. % of an okra composition; 10 wt. % of clay particles; and 0.005 to 0.5 wt. % of a base, each wt. % based on a total weight of the drilling fluid composition. The okra composition is uniformly disposed on surfaces of the clay particles. The clay particles disposed with the okra composition are present in the drilling fluid composition in the form of a composite. A pellet made from the clay particles treated with the okra composition has a swelling value at least 75% less than a swelling value of the pellet in an aqueous composition that does not contain the okra composition, as determined by a linear swell meter. A method of making the drilling fluid composition.

Abstract: A system and a method for displaying super-resolution images generated from images of lower resolution, includes processor circuitry for a combination multi-core CPU and machine learning engine configured with an input for receiving the low resolution images, a feature extraction section to extract features from the low resolution images, non-linear feature mapping section, connected to the feature extraction section, generating feature maps using a self-calibrated block with pixel attention having a plurality of Depthwise Separable Convolution (DSC) layers, a late upsampling section combines at least one DSC layer and a skip connection that upsamples the feature maps to a predetermined dimension, and a video output for displaying approximate upsampled super-resolution images that corresponds to the low resolution images.

Abstract: A method for chemically reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) with a red mud catalyst composition is provided includes introducing a gaseous mixture of CO2 and H2 into a reactor containing particles of the red mud catalyst composition. The method further includes reacting at least a portion of the CO2 and H2 in the gaseous mixture in the presence of the red mud catalyst composition at a temperature of 200 to 800° C., and under a pressure ranging from 5 to 100 bar to form a gaseous product including a chemical reduction product of the CO2. A volume ratio of the CO2 to the H2 in the gaseous mixture is in a range of 1:10 to 10:1.

Abstract: A drilling fluid composition includes an aqueous base fluid, 0.01 to 5 wt. % of polyamine-functionalized activated carbon (AC-PAD), 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a shale material, 0.01 to 2 wt. % of a thickener, 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a fluid loss control additive, 0.01 to 5 wt. % of an adsorbent, and 1 to 20 wt. % of a borehole stabilizer. Each wt. % is based on a total weight of the drilling fluid composition. The AC-PAD is uniformly disposed on surfaces of the shale material. The shale material has an average pore size of 5 to 400 nanometers (nm). A method of preparing the AC-PAD and a method of drilling a subterranean geological formation.

Abstract: A gold(III) complex of formula (I) or formula (II) wherein R1 and R2 are each independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, an optionally substituted arylalkyl, or an optionally substituted aryl; R3 and R4 are each independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, an optionally substituted arylalkyl, an optionally substituted aryl, an optionally substituted heterocyclyl, an optionally substituted alkoxy, a hydroxyl, a halo, a nitro, a cyano, a N-monosubstituted amino group, or a N,N-disubstituted amino group; and X is Cl, Br, or I. A pharmaceutical composition containing the gold(III) complex of formula (I) or (II), and a method of treating cancer are included.

Abstract: A method for making a magnetic-nanoparticle-supported catalyst includes reacting a ferrocenyl phosphine compound with an amino alcohol compound to form a ligand having a phosphine group, an amine group and at least one hydroxyl group; anchoring the ligand to a surface of magnetic nanoparticles via an oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group to form a ligand complex; combining the ligand complex with a metal precursor comprising Rh to bind the metal precursor with the ligand complex and form the magnetic-particle-supported catalyst. The magnetic-particle-supported catalyst is a Rh complex of magnetic-Fe3O4-nanoparticle-supported ferrocenyl phosphine catalyst.

Abstract: Reduced computation time for model predictive control (MPC) of a five level dual T-type drive considering the DC link capacitor balancing, the common-mode voltage (CMV) along with torque control of an open-ends induction motor based on determining a reduced set of switching states for the MPC. The reduced set of switching states are determined by considering either CMV reduction (CMVR) or CMV elimination (CMVE). Cost function minimization generates a voltage vector, which is used to produce gating signals for the converter switches. The reduced switching state MPC significantly reduces computation time and improves MPC performance.