Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for permeability prediction. The method acquires data associated with one or more geological formations, calculates, using processing circuitry and a trained Hidden Markov model, log-likelihood values to group the data into a plurality of clusters, and trains an artificial neural network for each of the plurality of clusters when the mode of operation is training mode. Further, the method acquires one or more formation properties corresponding to a geological formation, determines using the trained Hidden Markov model, a log-likelihood score associated with the one or more formation properties, identifies a cluster associated with the one or more formation properties as a function of the log-likelihood score, and predicts a permeability based at least in part on the one or more formation properties and a trained artificial neural network associated with the identified cluster when the mode of operation is forecasting mode.

Abstract: An asymmetric nanocomposite supercapacitor and a method of making the asymmetric nanocomposite supercapacitor. The asymmetric nanocomposite supercapacitor includes a negative electrode with monoclinic tungsten oxide (m-WO3) nanoplates, and a binding compound coated on one face of a substrate, and a positive electrode with a carbonaceous material and a binding compound coated on one face of a substrate. Where the face of the positive electrode and the face of the negative electrode coated with the carbonaceous material and m-WO3 nanoplates, respectively, are separated by and in direct contact with a porous separator.

Abstract: An absorption chiller refrigerator system with an evaporator-absorber section and a generator-condenser section disposed together within a housing. The evaporator-absorber system has an evaporator section having an evaporator and an absorber disposed together within the evaporator section but separated by a perforated plate within the evaporator section. The generator condenser system has a generator section having a generator and a condenser disposed together within the generator section but separated by a perforated plate within the generator section. Perforations in the perforated plate of each of the evaporator section and the generator section are cone-shaped passages.

Abstract: A dynamic damper system, method, and non-transitory computer readable medium for damping vibrations in a beam structure. The dynamic damper system includes a beam with a first and a second fixed end having a width and a thickness; a first and a second flexible support, each having a spring constant k1 connected to the beam beneath the first and the second end, respectively; a first and a second torsional spring, each having a spring constant k? connected to the first and the second end, respectively; a moving load configured to traverse the beam reciprocally between the ends and generate first vibrations in the beam; and a dynamic linear spring mass damper connected to the beam is configured to travel reciprocally between the ends and generate second vibrations in the beam which are 180 degrees out of phase with the first vibrations in the beam generated by the moving load.

Abstract: A circuit and methods describing a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) rectifier for use in radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting with body biasing by the RF input to control the threshold voltage of each transistor. The CMOS rectifier includes an energy harvesting antenna, and multiple rectifier stages. The antenna receives electromagnetic radiation from the environment and generates a DC current. The oscillating input current is an RF+ positive current during a first half cycle and is an RF? negative current during a second half cycle. A first rectifier stage includes a first capacitor connected to the RF+ positive current, a second capacitor connected to the RF? negative current and a cross coupled CMOS circuit connected to the antenna.

Abstract: The solar augmented chilled-water cooling system comprises a refrigeration cycle, a cooling tower, an air handling unit (AHU), a supplemental cycle and a solar energy harvesting unit. The supplemental cycle is in fluid communication with the refrigeration cycle, which is in fluid communication with the cooling tower, which in turn is in fluid communication with the supplemental cycle. The cooling tower cools a water stream by evaporation. The water stream from the cooling tower is passed to the supplemental cycle for further cooling using energy from the solar energy harvesting unit. The water stream is then passed to a condenser of the refrigeration cycle for its efficient operation at proper temperature. The water stream is then retuned back to the cooling tower to be re-cooled. In the refrigeration cycle, an evaporator uses operation of the associated condenser for providing cooling effect through the AHU.

Abstract: A wind turbine control apparatus, method and non-transitory computer-readable medium are disclosed. The wind turbine control apparatus comprises a generator connected to a wind turbine with a drive train. The drive train comprises a rotor, a low speed shaft, a gear box, a high speed shaft, and a controller module. The controller module is configured to obtain a maximum power within a large range of varying wind velocities by operating the rotor at a neural network determined optimal angular speed for the current wind velocity.

Abstract: A light harvesting supercapacitor and a method of preparing the light harvesting supercapacitor is disclosed. The light harvesting supercapacitor includes a transparent conducting substrate, an active layer including TiO2 nanoparticles and polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles disposed on the transparent conducting substrate, an electrolyte layer including a solid separator soaked with an electrolyte comprising polyvinyl alcohol and at least one ionic material selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, an alkali metal phosphate salt, an alkali metal sulfate salt, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal halide, and a mixture of a halogen and an alkali metal halide disposed on the active layer, a carbon electrode disposed on the electrolyte layer, and a metal layer disposed on the activated carbon electrode. The light harvesting supercapacitor of the present disclosure can be used in a photovoltaic device.

Abstract: Copper-boron-ferrite (Cu—B—Fe) composites may be prepared and immobilized on graphite electrodes in a silica-based sol-gel, e.g., from rice husks. Different bimetallic loading ratios can produce fast in-situ electrogeneration of reactive oxygen species, H2O2 and ·OH, e.g., via droplet flow-assisted heterogeneous electro-Fenton reactor system. Loading ratios of, e.g., 10 to 30 wt. % Fe3+ and 5 to 15% wt. Cu2+, can improve the catalytic activities towards pharmaceutical beta blockers (atenolol and propranolol) degradation in water. Degradation efficiencies of at least 99.9% for both propranolol and atenolol in hospital wastewater were demonstrated. Radicals of ·OH in degradation indicate a surface mechanism at inventive cathodes with correlated contributions of iron and copper. Copper and iron can be embedded in porous graphite electrode surface and catalyze the conversion of H2O2 to ·OH to enhance the degradation.

Abstract: A method of making a CsSnI3 perovskite thermoelectric (TE) material including mixing a fatty acid, a fatty amine, a C8-C30 hydrocarbon, and CsCO3 in a vessel to form a cesium mixture; heating the cesium mixture to a temperature of 400-450 K to form a heated mixture; dissolving SnI2 in an organophosphine to form a tin solution; mixing the tin solution and the heated mixture to form a reaction mixture; cooling the reaction mixture to form a precipitate comprising a CsSnI3 perovskite; enclosing the CsSnI3 perovskite in a chamber; pressurizing the chamber to a hydrostatic pressure of at least 0.1 GPa; and heating the chamber to a temperature of 300-1,000 K to form the CsSnI3 perovskite TE material having a ZT that is at least 0.1.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates drilling fluids and methods of producing and using drilling fluids. The drilling fluid include an aqueous base fluid; at least one of a clay-based component and a mud; and a shale inhibitor comprising silica grafted with glutamate-glycol, wherein the drilling fluid does not comprise KC1, has a shale cutting rate from 65% to 99%, and has an anti-swelling capacity from 55% to 99%. The method of using the drilling fluid in drilling operations includes mixing an aqueous base fluid, a shale inhibitor comprising silica grafted with glutamate-glycol, and at least one of a clay material and a mud to produce a drilling fluid; and introducing the drilling fluid to a subsurface formation, wherein the drilling fluid does not comprise KC1, has a shale cutting recovery rate from 65% to 99%, and has an anti-swelling capacity from 55% to 99%.

Abstract: A three-tandem (3T) perovskite/silicon (PVT)-based tandem solar cell (TSC) includes an antireflection coating (ARC), a first transparent conductive oxide layer (TCO), a hole transport layer (HTL), a perovskite (PVT) layer, a second transparent conductive oxide layer (TCO), an electron transport layer (ETL), a plurality of buried contacts, a p-type Si layer, a p-type wafer-based homo-junction silicon solar cell, a n+ silicon layer, a back contact layer. The solar cell further includes a top sub-cell, a bottom sub-cell and a middle contact-based tandem. The top sub-cell includes the PVT layer. The bottom sub-cell includes the silicon solar cell. The middle contact-based tandem includes the second TCO layer to be used as the middle contact-based tandem, as well as a recombination layer for current collection. Further, a conduction and a valence band edge are employed at a front surface of the ETL.

Abstract: A method of drilling a subterranean geological formation is described. The method includes driving a drill bit to form a wellbore in the subterranean geological formation thereby producing a formation fluid including hydrogen sulfide. The method further includes injecting a drilling fluid into the subterranean geological formation through the wellbore. The drilling fluid includes an aqueous solvent, a hydrogen sulfide scavenger including particles of a manganese oxide supported on a porous support. The particles are suspended in the aqueous solvent. The method further includes reacting the hydrogen sulfide scavenger with the hydrogen sulfide present in the formation fluid to form a manganese sulfide.

Abstract: A method includes mixing a dopant salt of at least one of cobalt, nickel, zinc, and scandium with a silicate, in a solvent, to form a first solution. The method includes mixing the first solution with a solvent mixture to form a second solution. The method further includes mixing the second solution with an acid to form an acid solution. The method further includes adding a catalyst and a polymer to the acid solution to form the doped PCM. The doped PCM includes the catalyst, the polymer, at least one of cobalt, nickel, zinc, and scandium, and SiO2.

Abstract: A method for distributing geophones around a seismic data source includes distributing a first geophones each including a first piezoelectric system in a first region in which the seismic data source is located then distributing second geophones each including a solar cell in a second region surrounding the first region. The second geophones further include a housing, a spike provided on a bottom surface of the housing, a sensor configured to sense seismic data; a processor configured to process the seismic data, a transceiver configured to transmit the processed seismic data and receive radio frequency (RF) signals wirelessly; and a power device. The power device is coupled to the sensor, the processor and the transceiver. The power device is configured to harvest energy from an environment where the geophone is located.

Abstract: An anticorrosive nanocomposite is described. The anticorrosive nanocomposite includes a cured epoxy and jute carbon. The jute carbon is in the form of flakes. The flakes have a particle size of 0.05-15 micrometers (?m). Particles of the jute carbon are dispersed in the cured epoxy. A method of preparing the jute carbon is also described.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for a Controlled Low Strength Material (CLSM) including cementitious materials, water, and fine aggregate. The cementitious materials include powdered basaltic lava and Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). In the composition, the basaltic lava replaces some of the ordinary Portland cement in the CLSM as compared to a conventional CLSM. The basaltic lava replaces 25% to 90% of the OPC in a conventional CLSM. The CLSM can be used as a compacted fill for structural and non-structural construction applications.

Abstract: An europium doped Ni(BTC) Metal Organic Framework (MOF), Eu@Ni(BTC), as a sensor for detecting heteroaromatic compounds. Eu@Ni(BTC) shows selectivity towards thiophene and pyrrole with a detection limit of 0.2 and 8.4 ppm for thiophene and pyrrole, respectively. The sensor can be easily regenerated and can be used to analyze thiophene in water.

Abstract: A method for mitigating gas override in an hydrocarbon reservoir by increasing sweep efficiency and consequently improving incremental oil recovery is provided with at least one injection well, at least one production well, and an hydrocarbon reservoir. The injection well and the production well are in fluid communication with the hydrocarbon reservoir. An injection blend produced by mixing a displacement fluid with an organic solvent is transferred into the hydrocarbon reservoir through the injection well. Preferably, the displacement fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide and the organic solvent is triethyl citrate. The higher density and the viscosity of the injection blend are vital in reducing gravity override and improving sweep efficiency. A resulting injection blend is extracted from the production well and the organic solvent is separated. Since the organic solvent can be reused, the method of mitigating gas override can be financially and operationally beneficial.

Abstract: A composition for a fracturing fluid may include a chelating agent, a polymeric gelling agent, and a base fluid. The base fluid in the fracturing fluid composition may be a produced fluid having a hardness content of at least 7,000 ppm. Method for treating a hydrocarbon-bearing formation may include introducing a fracturing fluid in the hydrocarbon-bearing formation. The fracturing fluid contains a chelating agent, a polymeric gelling agent, and a base fluid. The base fluid may be a produced fluid that has a hardness content of at least 7,000 ppm. The fracturing fluid may have a viscosity of at least 200 cp at 150° F., 100 1/s shear rate, and 300 psia when tested using model 5550 HPHT rheometer. After contacting the hydrocarbon-bearing formation, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid may drop near a range of 1 cP to 5 cP.