Abstract: An optical fiber output light source device includes an optical path that is obtained by joining a polarization maintaining amplifying optical fiber to a polarization maintaining dispersion compensating fiber, a single-polarization reflective polarizing beam splitter that is joined to one end of the optical path, a 90° polarization-rotating reflector that is joined to the other end of the optical path, a multiplexer that is inserted in the optical path, and a pumping light source that is joined to the multiplexer. An axis roll connection portion is provided in which a polarization axis of light returned from the single-polarization reflective polarizing beam splitter to the optical path is connected to a polarization maintaining axis of the optical path with a twisting angle therebetween at a predetermined angle.

Abstract: Provided are an ocular surface drug-retaining agent that enables an excellent improvement in retainability of a medicament on an ocular surface and an eye drop containing the agent. An ocular surface drug-retaining agent containing a copolymer having three different kinds of constituent units at a specific ratio can express an excellent effect of retaining a medicament on an ocular surface (in particular, a corneal surface) to allow the effect or action of the drug to be sustained over a long period of time.

Abstract: A method of treating short tear breakup time-type dry eye, including a step of administering, to a mammal including a human, (i) a copolymer (P) having three kinds of different constituent units represented by formulae (1a) to (1c) and a weight-average molecular weight of from 5,000 to 2,000,000, wherein a molar ratio among the constituent units [(1a)/(1b)/(1c)] in the copolymer (P) is 100/from 10 to 400/from 2 to 50, or (ii) a composition containing the copolymer (P) at a concentration of from 0.001 w/v % to 1.0 w/v %: wherein R1 to R6 are as defined herein.

Abstract: A skeletal structure for an artificial pinna includes a base portion formed in a flat shape with a fibrous structural body using a bioabsorbable material, and a helix portion and an antihelix portion disposed on the front surface of the base portion. In the skeletal structure, the base portion is provided with a two-dimensional elastic structure, and the helix portion and the antihelix portion are provided with a three-dimensional fiber structure formed with the fibrous structural bodies. Thus, a flexible skeletal structure can be provided.

Abstract: Phytol contained in watermelon sprouts is known to have an antiproliferative effect on cancer cell. However, there has been a problem in that a high dose is required to exert the antiproliferative effect on cancer cell. A cancer cell growth-inhibiting composition including a substance having structures represented by formulas (1) to (6) has a higher antiproliferative effect on cancer cell than phytol by order of one or more magnitudes. Further, it is expected that these substances do not affect normal cells similarly to phytol. Thus, they are expected to provide an anticancer drug with less side effects.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a mammography apparatus includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to acquire, as information on preliminary X-ray imaging for a breast of a subject, first information including at least one of an imaging condition, breast state information indicating a state of the breast, and/or information on the subject. The processing circuitry is configured to calculate an index for the breast based on the first information.

Abstract: Although compounds for treating or ameliorating malignant diseases have been proposed, patients had to endure a large burden since many of such compounds could not be orally ingested. Mangiferin has an effect of ameliorating malignant diseases through oral ingestion. However, such effect is minor and realistically it was not easy to ingest mangiferin. Further, in order to develop more effective pharmaceutical agents and the like for treating malignant diseases, it has been considered constantly necessary to obtain new or improved forms of an existing medical agent for inhibiting kinases such as NIK. Compounds represented by formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), formula (4), formula (5), formula (6), formula (7), formula (8), formula (9), formula (10), formula (11), and formula (12) have an effect of ameliorating malignant diseases through oral ingestion, and can exhibit said effect with an amount less than that for mangiferin.

Abstract: [Problem] COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, cytokine release syndrome, cytokine release syndrome with CAR (chimeric antigen receptor)-T therapy, sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, hemophagocytic syndrome, macrophage activation syndrome, influenza, GVHD, systemic vasculitis, Kawasaki disease, Takayasu arteritis, and other diseases, if severe, can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, acute circulatory insufficiency, multi-organ failure, and other symptoms which are one of the causes of death. [Solution to Problem] Compounds represented by formulas (1) to (4) are effective when taken orally and can be expressed in smaller amounts than mangiferin.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for intervertebral disc degeneration that contains LASCol obtained by enzymatically cleaving a terminus of collagen.

Abstract: An easy-assembly bed includes a top plate, and a leg portion having a plurality of leg members that are linked using notched joints. The top plate is constituted of a bonded material, which includes a plate-shaped foam plate formed with a foam body, and a front board member and a rear board member having an identical shape to the foam plate and that are bonded to the rear surface and the front surface of the foam plate, respectively, and a top plate molded resin portion overing the cut ends of the bonded material with a molded resin; and the leg members are each constituted of a grooved bonded material, which includes a plate-shaped grooved foam plate having locking grooves and formed with a foam body, and a grooved front board member and a grooved rear board member on the front surface and the rear surface of the grooved foam plate.

Abstract: This bolus, which is for radiation therapy, can be deformed to match the shape of a human body surface, and has little deformation during therapy. The bolus forming material is a rubber composition containing ethylene-propylene rubber and a temperature-sensitive material. The bolus forming material has a JIS type A hardness of 20 or higher at 30° C., and thus is not susceptible to deformation. The bolus forming material has a JIS type E hardness of 10 to 60 at 70° C., and thus easily deforms. The bolus forming material shifts the peak of the percentage depth dose for electron beams and X-rays in the beam source direction at 0.8 to 1.2 times the thickness thereof. Therefore, the bolus forming material has dose characteristics in the depth direction that are substantially the same as a human body. After a sheet of the bolus forming material is heated to around 70° C., the sheet deforms.

Abstract: There are no drugs or food medicines that can prevent or ameliorate, among side effects caused by drugs, particularly peripheral neuropathy that is caused by anticancer drugs such as oxaliplatin. An agent for preventing or ameliorating peripheral neuropathy including at least one selected from xylitol, L-talitol, and D-threitol as an active ingredient can ameliorate tingling limbs, limb pain, decreased deep tendon reflexes, muscle weakness, allodynia, hyperalgesia, hand fine motor skill disability, gait disturbance, stumbling, falling, flexion impairment (difficulty or inability to sit on one's knees, cross-legged, sideways, in a chair, etc.), limb paralysis, or the like, induced by drugs such as anticancer drugs or diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of identifying and treating a human subject harboring a tumor or other disease comprising assessing HRG gene expression at a protein level in the human subject and administering a treatment comprising an anti-HER3 antibody to the human subject whose HRG gene expression at a protein level is assessed as high. The present invention is also directed to methods of identifying a human subject harboring a tumor or other disease comprising assessing HRG gene expression at a protein level in the human subject and withholding a treatment comprising an anti-HER3 antibody to the human subject whose HRG gene expression at a protein level is assessed as low.

Abstract: An aortic aneurysm has few noticeable symptoms and is at high risk of rupture without a sign of abnormality. Further, if the aortic aneurysm ruptures, it causes a shock state due to massive blood loss and results in a very low survival rate. Thus, when the aortic aneurysm is found by physical examination or the like, surgery with a stent graft or the like needs to be performed according to the state of its progression. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating an aortic aneurysm including a medium chain fatty acid as a main component has an effect of inhibiting the occurrence and progression of the aortic aneurysm. Thus, when the aortic aneurysm is found, continuous intake of the composition can not only inhibit the progression of the aortic aneurysm but also mediate the regression of the aortic aneurysm, thereby producing the effect of improving vital prognosis.

Abstract: Treating colorectal cancer in a stage IV uses a systemic chemotherapy, either a FOLFOX regimen or a FOLFIRI regimen. However, a method of predicting which of the regimens is effective to an individual patient would be advantageous. Provided is a biomarker that indicates which of the regimens, the FOLFOX regimen or the FOLFIRI regimen, is advantageous to select for a patient having colorectal cancer. The biomarker is characterized by being a gain in the copy number of at least one region on human chromosomes among 7p15.3, 7q34, 8q24.1, 8q24.2, 8q24.1-q24.2, 9q34.3, 13q12.2, 13q14.11, 13q22.1, 13q32.2-q32.3, 13q34, 20q12, 20q13.13, 20q13.2, and 20q13.3. Using such a biomarker enables to determine which, the FOLFOX regimen or the FOLFIRI regimen, is more advantageously selected.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of identifying and treating a human subject harboring a tumor or other disease comprising assessing HRG gene expression at a protein level in the human subject and administering a treatment comprising an anti-HER3 antibody to the human subject whose HRG gene expression at a protein level is assessed as high. The present invention is also directed to methods of identifying a human subject harboring a tumor or other disease comprising assessing HRG gene expression at a protein level in the human subject and withholding a treatment comprising an anti-HER3 antibody to the human subject whose HRG gene expression at a protein level is assessed as low.

Abstract: Provided are an ocular surface drug-retaining agent that enables an excellent improvement in retainability of a medicament on an ocular surface and an eye drop containing the agent. An ocular surface drug-retaining agent containing a copolymer having three different kinds of constituent units at a specific ratio can express an excellent effect of retaining a medicament on an ocular surface (in particular, a corneal surface) to allow the effect or action of the drug to be sustained over a long period of time.

Abstract: No drug has been available for treating a peripheral sensory neuropathy caused as a side effect by a drug, in particular, by an anticancer drug such as oxaliplatin. A composition for ameliorating peripheral sensory neuropathy, which is characterized by including a Lentinus edodes mycelium extract, ameliorates symptoms induced by the drug such as the anticancer drug, including numbness of extremities, a pain in extremities, a reduction in deep tendon reflection, a reduction in muscle force, allodynia, hyperalgesia, impaired finger fine movement, impaired walking, stumbling, falling, impaired flexion (being difficult or impossible to sit on one's heels, sit cross-legged, sit with one's legs out to one side, sit on a chair, or the like), or paralysis of extremities.

Abstract: Provided are a novel agent or composition and others. The agent or composition comprises caryophyllene and is used for at least one selected from the following (purposes) (1) to (3) : (1) promoting relaxation, prolonging a resting-state time, and/or prolonging a motionless time, (2) promoting sleep, and (3) preventing blood pressure elevation. The present invention also relates to a method for inhaling ?-caryophyllene simultaneously with smoking a tobacco product, characterized in that the tobacco product contains a ?-caryophyllene-containing seamless capsule in a tobacco filter, wherein the seamless capsule contains an essential oil containing ?-caryophyllene as an active ingredient. The applicants found that pulmonary inhalation of ?-caryophyllene by the above method allows ?-caryophyllene to be efficiently distributed throughout the body, leading to achievements of relaxing and sleep-inducing effects, etc.

Abstract: A new analgesic has been developed for T-type calcium channels as therapeutic targets. The present invention provides a T-type calcium channel inhibitor which is a compound represented by formula (1): wherein each of R1 and R2 independently represents —H or —OH; R3 represents —OH; R4 represents —OH or —H; R5 represents a straight or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl group having one to ten carbon atoms or a straight or branched alkenyl or cycloalkyl-alkenyl group having two to ten carbon atoms, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The present invention also provides this T-type calcium channel inhibitor, a medicament containing the T-type calcium channel inhibitor, and a therapeutic or prophylactic agent for a disease having an effective T-type calcium channel inhibitory action.